宾语从句-教师版

1、 宾语从句适用学科英语适用年级初中适用区域江苏译林牛津版教材课时时长（分钟）3知识点宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的语序宾语从句的时态教学目标知识：1、掌握宾语从句的时态及语序。2、掌握宾语从句的常见引导词。3、掌握宾语从句的否定前移及宾语从句的简化规则。方法：要牢记宾语从句的语序及时态变化规则，并能灵活运用。能力：1、能根据时态变化规则正确地判断宾语从句的时态。2、能通过语境及句子成分的分析，正确地判断出宾语从句的引导词。教学重点1、宾语从句的常见引导词，如：what, which, who, where, how等。2、宾语从句的时态变化规则3、宾语从句的语

2、序教学难点1、宾语从句的时态及引导词的正确使用2、宾语从句的常见考点及易错点教学过程一、复习预习教师引导学生复习上节课所学的人称物主代词，不定代词和疑问代词的用法， （以提问、回顾的形式进行），针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑，并通过对疑问代词具体用法的分析和扩展导入本节课所要学习的宾语从句。二、知识讲解知识点1：宾语从句的连接词的用法在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。常用的连接词有：that; if; whether; what; which; who; whom; when; where; how; why等。1. 【考查点】宾语从句是陈述句时，用that引导。在口语中that常被省

3、略。如：i know(that) you are a student.2. 【考查点】宾语从句是一般疑问句时，用if或whether来引导。 if, whether意为“是否”，whether还可以与or not连用。如：lily wanted to know if her grandma liked the handbag.莉莉想知道她的姐姐是否喜欢这个手提袋。3. 【考查点】宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，用疑问词引导。如：he didnt tell me where he was going. 他没告诉我他想去哪儿。 can you tell me what he said just now？

4、你能告诉我他刚才说什么吗？知识点2：宾语从句的语序1. 陈述句变为宾语从句时，要注意人称和时态的变化，语序不变。如： she said, “ i will leave a message on the desk.” 她说她会在桌上留口信的。 she said that she would leave a message on the desk.2.【考查点】一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时，也要注意人称和时态的变化，后面接陈述句语序。如：“where are the tickets？” i asked him. 我问他票在哪儿。 i asked him where the tickets

5、were.注意：宾语从句的人称要遵循“一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新”的原则。如下表：直接引语的主语 变为间接引语后 第一人称 与主句的主语一致 第二人称 与主句的宾语一致 第三人称 不变 知识点3：宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时，宾语从句的时态不受限制，可以根据实际表达的需要来确定。如：could you tell me what he said at the meeting？ 你能告诉我他在会上说什么。 he will tell us that he has been able to look after himself. 他会告诉我们他已经能告诉他自己。

6、tell him when we will finish our work. 告诉他我们什么时候完成工作。2.【考查点】如果主句是过去的某种时态，宾语从句应与主句保持一致，用过去的某种时态。如：he said that he was born in wenzhou in 1996. 他说他1996年出生于温州。 they said that they had already seen the film. 他们说他们已经看过这部电影了。3.【易错点】如果宾语从句所叙述的是客观事实、格言、科学真理时，从句时态不受主句限制，用一般现在时。如： everyone knew there are 365

7、days in a year. 大家都知道一年有365天。 she said that two heads are better than one. 她说三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮。 he said that the sun rises in the east. 她说太阳从东边升起。知识点4：宾语从句的否定前移【考查点】 在宾语从句中，当主句的谓语动词为think, believe, expect, imagine, suppose等时，如果主句为i 或we时，从句中表示否定意义的not应移到think, believe, expect, imagine, suppose等前。如：i dont su

8、ppose he will come. 我猜他不会来。注意：如果主句主语不是i或we，则not不前移。如：she thinks she cant arrive there on time. 她认为她不能按时到那儿。知识点5：宾语从句的简化1.【考查点】当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是hope, wish, decide等时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：i hope that i can see you again.i hope to see you again.我希望能再次见到你。2. 【考查点】当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是know, remember, for

9、get, learn等时，句可简化为“疑问词不定式”结构。如： i dont know what i should say. i dont know what to say.我不知道该说什么。3.【考查点】当主句的谓语动词是ask, tell, show, teach等，且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时，从句可简化为不定式结构或“疑问词不定式”结构。如：mr hu tells us that we shouldnt draw on the wall. mr hu tells us not to draw on the wall. 胡老师告诉我们不应该在墙上画画。 will you ple

10、ase tell me where i can buy stamps？ will you please tell me where to buy stamps？请告诉我在哪儿能买到邮票？三、例题精析【例题1】could you tell me _ at the meeting? sorry, i dont know. i didnt go to the meeting that day. a. what does he say b. what he says c. what he said d. what did he say 【答案】：c【解析】：本题考查宾语从句的语序及时态。宾语从句的语序

11、应为陈述句语序，故排除a和d；下文：didnt go.that day判断时态应是一般过去时。故选c。【例题2】 could you tell me _ last night? er, i was watching tv at home. a. what you were doing b. what were you doing c. what you are doing d. what are you doing【答案】：a【解析】：本题考查宾语从句的语序及时态。宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序，且last night“昨晚” 表达过去时间。故选a。【例题3】well plant trees t

12、omorrow, and i dont know _tom will come and join us. a. ifb. which c. whatd. where 【答案】：a【解析】：本题考查宾语从句的连接词。根据句意“我们明天要去植树，我不知道汤姆是否会来参加。”判断连接词为是否。if意为“是否”。故选a。【例题4】could you please tell me _？sorry, you can turn to mr. lee for help. a. how long can man live without water b. whether yao ming would play

13、for rockets or not c. how i can keep myself safe from the flu d. why did a serious landslide happen in zhouqu, gansu province 【答案】：c【解析】：本题考查宾语从句的语序及时态。宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序，排除a和d；could you please.用来表示语气委婉，并非表示过去时，因此从句的时态不必用过去将来时，排除b。故选c。四、课堂运用【基础】1- could you tell us how long _? - about three days. a. doe

14、s the sports meeting last b. the sports meeting last c. will the sports meeting last d. the sports meeting will last2i want to know_, a. what is his name b whats his name c. that his name is d. what his name is 3parents are taught to understand _ important education is to their childrens future.a. t

15、hat b. how c. such d. so 4i wonder _ they will come here with tomorrow. a. whether b. when c. who d. how 【巩固】5-could you tell me _? -im not sure. a. how many people have been out of hospital b. when is thanksgiving c. which animal does he like best d. what time will the dolphin show start 6. - can i

16、 help you? - yes. id like a ticket to mount emei. can you tell me_ take to get there? a. how soon will it b. how soon it will c. how long it will d. how long will it 7.-could you let me know _ yesterday? -because the traffic was heavy. a. why did you come late b. why you came late c. why do you come

17、 late d. why you come late 【拔高】8a computer can only do _you have instructed it to do. a. how b. after c. what d. when9the other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _ i thought was a dangerous speed. a. as b. which c. what d. that10i think father would like to know _ ive been up to so fa

18、r, so i decide to send him a quick note a. which b. why c. what d. how答案及解析1d.考查宾语从句的语序，宾语从句用陈述句语序。2d.考查宾语从句的语序，宾语从句用陈述句语序。3b.题干中的“_important education is to their childrens future”应理解为：education为主语，important是is的表语；to their childrens future是状语，所以空格处应为how修饰important。其实这个宾语从句是一个感叹句。4c.考查宾语从句的引导词。后面的wi

19、th决定了用who。 5a. 考查宾语从句的语序，宾语从句用陈述句语序，b、c、d均为疑问语序，故选a。6. c .how soon一般用于指某事过多久后或到什么时候才发生，how long一般用于指某事需持续多长时间。7. b. yesterday表明宾语从句应用一般过去时，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 8.c.分析本句的结构可知， 空白处应填的连词应作宾语从句中动词不定式中动词do的宾语。所以，该连接词应是连接代词。故应选c。9.c. 介词at之后是宾语从句，其中i thought是插入语。也可以把what分解为a speed that10.c. what引导宾语从句，并在宾语从句中作短语be

20、 up to 的宾语。课程小结本节课主要围绕宾语从句的三大考点进行讲解，即：宾语从句的时态、宾语从句的语序及引导词。需要重点掌握的是宾语从句的时态变化规则及如何正确使用宾语从句的引导词。此外，在初中阶段也会经常接触到宾语从句的否定前移和宾语从句的简化，尤其在单选和句型转换等题型中，因此，这两个考点也需要重点掌握。近年中考对语法点的考查往往是与语境想结合，因此，同学在做题时要结合语境来分析题目，灵活地运用语法知识。课后作业【基础】1. well plant trees tomorrow, and i dont know _ tom will come and join us. a. ifb. w

21、hich c. whatd. where 2.could you please tell me _？ sorry, you can turn to mr. lee for help. a. how long can man live without water b. whether yao ming would play for rockets or not c. how i can keep myself safe from the flu d. why did a serious landslide happen in zhouqu, gansu province 3. can you t

22、ell me _ after this exam ? a. what you did b. what did you do c. what will you do d. what you will do4. ive decided to go to london next weekend. i was wondering _ you could go with me. a. if b. when c. that d. where【巩固】5. do you know _ world water day is? on march 22nd. a. when b. where c. what d.

23、which6. we want to know _to help them. a. what can we do b. what we can do c. how can we do d. how we can do 7. jenny is on holiday now. i wonder _. a. when she will come back b. when she came back c. when will she come back d. when did she come back8. he said that light _much faster than sound. a.

24、has travelled b. went c. travels d. travelled【拔高】9. can you tell me_？his home is quite far away from the office，i think. awhen he got up bwhere he works cwhy he bought the car dhow he likes his job 10. the policeman asked the small girl _. awhy she was crying bwhy was she crying cwhy she is crying d

25、why is she crying 练习题习题(一)（时态）1 the girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.a. took b. take c. takes d. will take2 catherine said that she _ to guangzhou.a. has never gone b. had never gone c. has never been d. had never been3 the students want to know whether they_ dictation today.a. ha

26、d b. has . c. will have d. are4 she asked linda if_ go and get some.a. could she b. she could c. she can d. she may5 linda said the moon_ round the earth.a. travelled b. has travelled c. travells d. had travelled习题(二)（连接词）1 can you tell me_ you were born, bettya. who b. what c. when d. that 2 i dont

27、 know _ they have passed the exam.a. what b. if c. when d. where3 i hardly understand. _ he has told me.a. that b. what c. which d. who4 she didnt know_ back soon.a. whether he would be b. if would he be c. he will be5. i dont know _ he still lives here after so many years.a. whether b where c. what

28、 d. when6. do you know _ they listened to yesterday eveninga. what b when c why d how7. he asked me _told me the accident.a whom b which c who d whose习题(三)（语序）1. they dont know -their parents are.a that b what c why d which2. please tell me _what last year.a. where does your sister work b where did

29、your sister work c where your sister works d where your sister worked3. she asked me if i knew _.a. whose pen is it b. whose pen it was c. whose pen it is d. whose pen was it4. you must remember _.a. what your mother said b. what did your mother sayc. your mother said what d. what has your mother sa

30、id5 did you know _a. who he was looking after b. who was he looking forc. who he is looking for d. who he is looking after6 could you tell me _a. when will they leave beijing b. when would they leave beijingc. when they will leave beijing d. when did they leave beijing习题(四)1. in the bookshop, a read

31、er asked the shop keeper _ who moved my cheese was an interesting book. (北京市东城区)a. that b. how c. what d. if2. i dont know _ mr. green will come to see us.he will help us with our english. (杭州市)a. why b. when c. how d. where3.we never know _ the old m an is.they say he is a teacher. (鄂州市)a. what b.

32、who c. which d. where4. i was told _ bill gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. (重庆市)a. that how b. how that c. when that d. that when5. do you know _ im going to see him.sorry, i dont know. (北京市海淀区)a. where does mr. li live b. where did mr. li livec. where mr. li lives d. where mr. li

33、 lived6. w here do you think _ he _ the computersorry, i have no idea. (南京市)a. /; bought b. has; bought c. did; buy d. does; buy7. i dont feel very well. mum asked me _ this morning. (重庆市)a. what the matter is b. what is wrongc. what the matter was d. what wrong was8. where is jackhe is away to spen

34、d his holiday. hes gone either to hangzhou or to wuhan, but im not sure _ . (南昌市)a. that b. which c. where d. there总练习ii. 按要求转换句型。 1. does mr. brown enjoy living in china? could you tell us?（改写句子） could you tell us _ mr. brown _ living in china? 2. does the girl need any help?” he asked me.（变为复合句） h

35、e asked me _ the girl _ some help 3. jim is not a student. tom is not a student, either.（合并为一个句子） _ jim _tom is a student. 4. when does the train leave? i want to know.（改为含宾语从句的复合句） i want to know _ the train _.5. they went home after they had finished their homework. (用notuntil改写) they _ go home _

36、they had finished their homework 6. did peter come here yesterday? li lei wants to know. (改为含宾语从句的复合句) li lei wants to know _ peter _ here yesterday. 1( ) 1 the girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.a. took b. take c. takes d. will take( ) 2 catherine said that she _ to guangzhou.a. ha

37、s never gone b. had never gone c. has never been d. had never been( ) 3 the students want to know whether they_ dictation today.a. had b. has . c. will have d. are( ) 4 she asked linda if_ go and get some.a. could she b. she could c. she can d. she may( ) 5 linda said the moon_ round the earth.a. tr

38、avelled b. has travelled c. travells d. had travelled2( ) 1 can you tell me_ you were born, betty?a. who b. what c. when d. that( ) 2 i dont know _ they have passed the exam.a. what b. if c. when d. where( ) 3 i hardly understand._ he has told me.a. that b. what c. which d. who( ) 4 she didnt know_

39、back soon.a. whether he would be b. if would he be c. he will be( ) 5 i dont know _ he still lives here after so many years.a. whether b where c. what d.when( ) 6 do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening?a. what b when c why d how( ) 7 he asked me _told me the accident.a whom b which c who d whose3( ) 1.they dont know _their parents are. a that b what c why d which( ) 2.please tell me _what last year.a.where does your sister work b where did your sister work c where your sister works