新概念2lesson15

1、课程名称：GoodNew：s教学对象：小学6年-初一学生教材：新概念2授课内容：Lesson 15课时：2课型：教学方法：讲授法教学目的与要求：1能够熟读并背诵全文2理解句中句子的转换重点、难点1直接引语变间接引语及需要注意的几个变化教学过程 设计（包括讲 授知识、演示内 容及案例、提问 及学生演示内 容）一重点单词1 nervous adj.精神紧张的，胆小的，神经过敏的eg. Are you n ervous in the dark?在黑暗里你会感到紧张吗？Exam in ati ons made me n ervous.近义辨析:nervous激动，紧张（由于害怕）eg am alway

2、s nervous when 1 have to make a speech.发言时我总会感到紧张。upset烦恼，心烦意乱（不愉快）eg. He is upset rece ntly because he is lack ofmon ey.2 afford v.负担得起，买得起（常用在can, be ableto之后)egreally want to help you, but I can t afford the time.1) afford sth.买得起，付得起egcant afford the coat. Its too expe nsive.I can only afford fi

3、ve yua n.2) afford to do sth.担负得起做某事；有经济能力做某事egcan afford to buy the book.=I can afford the book?翻译：他买不起这台电脑。教法：afford近义词和我们曾经学过的“花费”有些 类似，spend ， cost ， take，其中这些动词的用法 我们以前都学过而且都复习过，老师在这里就不再过 多提他们，但大家在心里一定要明确这几个词的用法。3 weak adj. 弱的，衰弱的eg. He is too weak to lift this heavy box.教法：在这个例句中，我们还应用到了一个非常重要

4、的短语，tooto，太而不能。 op. stro ng强壮的 be weak in 在做得不好教法：这是我们以前学过的重要短语be good at的反义短语，be weak in后面可以直接加名词，He is weak in PE. 后面也可以加动词，但要用ing形式。I am weak in play ing soccer.4 in terrupt v.打断，停止eg. Don t interrupt me.It is rude to in terrupt.He in terrupted me while I was speak ing.二重点短语：1 tell sb. that教法：tel

5、l告诉，后面可以直接加宾语，在本文中后 面引导了宾语从句，另外它还有一个非常重要的句型， tell sb.(not) to do sth.告诉某人(不要)做某事。2 would see me教法：would在这里是will的过去式形式，情态动 词后总是要接动词原形，这个短语是过去进行时形式。3 feel n ervous教法：feel是感官动词，后面要接形容词做表语。4 go into教法：我们在新 1 Jimmy s breakfast 中已经遇到 过这个短语，翻译成 进到里去， 在这里用的是过 去式形式 went, go into = enter5 look up教法：在本文中翻译成向上看

6、，另外它还有查找的意思，look up a word in a dicti on ary.6 in a weak voice教法：修饰声音低的形容词 weak或low , voice指的 是人好听的声音，noise指噪音，sou nd包含所有的 声音。三 grammar直接引语变间接引语的用法导入：直接引语：直接引用别人的原话，一般要加引号。间 接引语：用自己的话应用别人的话，不用引号。eg. John said, I m going to London with my father.约翰说：我要和父亲到伦敦去。（引号内是直接引 语）John said that he was going to

7、 London with his father.约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。（宾语从句是间接引语）间接引语的三要素：1）引导词2）语序3）时态（及人称的变化）间接引语：四种情况主句 从句（语序）:主+谓+宾+1、 陈述句（句号）-that（可省略）2、一般疑问句（问号）- if/whether（ or not） 引导词3、特殊疑问句（问号）-特殊疑问词（what/how开头）4、祈使句 / 请求-ask/tell sb.（not）to do sth.下面我们来看 下直接引语变间接引语具体怎么变。一人称的变化下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不 更新”。教法：顺口溜记起来非常容易，但我们

8、目的是要把它 能正确运用到练习题中，下面老师来解释一下。“一 随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的 主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称 要按照主句中主语的人称变化：eg. She said. My brother wants to go with me.She said her brother wan ted to go with her.教法：“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从 句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。 从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引 号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称：eg. He said to Kate. How i

9、s your sisternoW?He asked Kate how her sister wasthen。教法：“第二人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语 时。如果从句中的主语及兵语疋第二人称或被第二人 称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化：eg. Mr. Smith said: Jack is a good worker。Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker。二、如何变时态如果主句谓语动词为 过去时，间接引语中的动词时 态按下列变化：(1) 般现在时变为 般过去时(2) 现在进行时变为过去进行时(3) 一般将来时变为过去将来时(4) 现在完成时变为过去完成

10、时(5) 一般过去时变为过去完成时(6) 过去完成时不变，仍为过去完成时：eg. 1) She said. I have lost a pen.She said she had lost a pen.2) She said. We hope so.She said they hoped so.3) She said. He will go to see his frie nd。She said he would go to see his friend。但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接 引语时，时态般不变化。 直接引语是客观真理。The earth moves around the

11、 sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me.The teacher told me the earth moves aro undthe sun and the moon moves around the earth。 直接引语是 过去进行时，时态不变。如：Jack said.“ Joh n, where were you going whe nI met you in the street? ” Jack asked John where he was going whe n he met him in the

12、street。 直接引语中有 具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状 语，变为间接引语时，时态不变.Xiao Wangsaid. I was born on April 20, 1980。 Xiao Wangsaid he was born on April 20, 1980。 直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现 或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。He said, I get up at six every morning。 He said he gets up at six every morning。 如果直接引语中的情态动词 没有过去时的形式(例：ought to , had bet

13、ter, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might） 不再变。Peter said. You had better come have today。 Peter said I had better go there that day。三、如何变状语：直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规则，时 间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yesterday 变为the day before ）地点状语，尤其表 示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改 为“彼”（例：this改为that）,女口：He said, Th

14、ese books are mi ne.He said those books were his.四、如何变句型： 直接引语如果是 陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。She said, Our bus will arrive in fiveminu tes.She said that their bus would arrive in fivemi nu tes. 直接引语如果是 反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般 疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语 从句.He said, Ca n you swim, Joh n?He asked John if he could

15、 swim.You have fini shed the homework, have n tyou? my mother asked.My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.Do you go to school by bus or by bike?卜asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike. 直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由 疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句(宾语从句必须 用陈述句语序)。She asked me, Whe n do they have the

16、irdinn er? She asked me whe n they had their dinner. 直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为tell(ask, order, beg等)sb.( not) to do sth.句型eg. Don t make any noise, she said to the childre n.She told (ordered) the children not tomake any no ise.Bri ng me a cup of tea, please, said she.She asked him to bring her a cup of te

17、a. 直接引语如果是以“ Let s”开头的祈使句，变 为间接引语时，通常用“ suggest +动句词(或从句)。”eg. He said, Let s go t o the film.He suggested going to the film.或 He suggested that they should go to see the film. 直接引语是感叹句时间接引语为what或how引导，也可以用that引 导。She said, What a lovely day it is !She said what a lovely day it was .或 Shesaid that i

18、t was a lovely day. 如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时， 则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态。注意(1)如果直接引语是表示客观真理时，变为间接 引语，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如：The teacher said The earth goes round thesun.The teacher said that the earth goes roundthe sun.(2)如果直接引语中有明确表示过时间的状语， 变为间接引语时，般过去时不改为过去完成时。女口：He said to me, I was born in 1973.He told me that h

19、e was born in 1973.(3) 如果直接引语所述事实在当时和目前同样生 效，变为间接宾语时，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。 如：He said, I m a boy, not a girl.He said that he is a boy ,not a girl.(4) 如果直接引语中的谓语动词表示一种反复出现或习惯动作，在变为间接引时，般现在时不改为般过去时。如：The girl said, I get up at six every morning.The girl said that she gets up at six every morni ng.(5) 如果直接引语中含

20、有since, when, while引导的表示过去时间的状语从句，在变为间接引语时， 只改变主句中的谓语动词，从句的一般过去时则不变。 如：He said to me, I have taught English since he came here .He told me that he had taught En glish sincehe came here.(6)如果直接引语中含有情态动词 must, need,had better 以及情态动词的过去式 could, might,should, would,在变为间接引语时，这些情态动词没 有时态的改变。The teacher sa

21、id to me . You must pay moreatte nti on to your pronun ciati on.The teacher told me that I must (have to )pay more atte nti on to my pronun ciati on.He said , I could swim when 1 was only six .He said that he could swim whe n he was on ly six.6.代词等 般地应作用相应的变化。指示代词 this -that these- those表示时间的词1 now

22、- the n2 today- that day3 this week(mo nth ,etc) -that week(mo nth ,etc)4 yesterday -the day before5 last week(mo nth) - the week(m on th) before6 three days(a year)ago-three days(ayear)before7 tomorrow -the n ext (follow ing ) day8n extweek(m on th)the n ext(followi ng)week(m on th)表地点的词here -there

23、动词 bring - take come - go四 Exercise One1) I asked him how muchA. does his newcar cost B. did his newcar costC. his new car costedD. his new car cost2) Do you knowA. what he s looking forB. what is he look ing forC. what does he look forD. his is looki ng for3) 1 m not sure.A. what is his n ameB. wha

24、t his n ame isC. his name is whatD. what s his name4) 1 don t knowA. where does he liveB. where did he liveC. where he livesD. he lives where5) 1 didn t knowA. what she saidB. what did she sayC. what she spokeD. what was she speaki ng6) 1 don t know.A. whe n he will come backB. whe n will he come ba

25、ckC. whe n does he come backD. whe n did he come back7) Could you tell me wherenow?A.you are liv ingB. do you liveC. you liveD. did you live8) He didn t knowhe should go or not.A. ifB. weather C. thatD. whether9) . He askedfor the computer.A. did I pay how muchB. I paid how muchC. how much did I pay

26、D. how much I paid10) .“Have you seen the film? ” he asked me. He asked me.A. had I see n the filmB. have I see n the filmC. if I have see n the filmD. whether I had see n the film11) .“Please close the window, ” he said to me.Hemethe wi ndow.A. said to; to closeB. told to; clos ingC. asked ; to clo

27、se D. said to; please close12) .“I am a teacher, ” Jack said. He saidA. that I am a teacher B. I was a teacherC. that he is a teacher D. he was a teacher13) . Hesaid, “Mother, the boy is very naughty. ”He- very n aughty.A. said his mother that the boy wasB. said to his mother that the boy isC. told

28、his mother that the boy wasD. spoke to his mother that the boy was14) . “You ve already got well, haven t you?”she asked. She asked.A. if I have already got well, hadn tyouB. whether I had already got wellC. have I already gotwellD. had I already got well.15) . He asked ,“ Are you a Party member or

29、aLeague member? He asked me.A. am I a Party member or a League memberB. was I a Party member or a League memberC. if I was a Party member or a League memberD. whether was I a Party memberor a League member.16) . He asked, “Howare you getting along? ” He asked.A. how am I gett ing alongB. how are you

30、 gett ing alongC. how I was gett ing alongD. how was I gett ing along17) . He asked mewith me.A. what the matter isB. what the mater wasC. what s the matterD. what was the matter18) . He said,“Don t do that again.” Hemethat aga in.A. said to me; not to doB. said to me; don t doC. told me; don t doD.

31、 told me; not to doExercise Two 陈述句1) She says, ” I am a teacher. ”She says 2) She said, ” I am a teacher. ”She said一般疑问句1) “Are you from Japan? ” he says to me.He()me.2)“Are you from Japan? ” he said to me.He()me特殊疑问句3) “Whendoes thetrain arrive? ”Pleasetellme.Please tellme4) “Whendoes the train ar

32、rive? ” Please told me.Please told me.祈使句/请求1) “ Don t make any noise. ” Mother says to Tom.Mother() Tom2) “Open the window. ” Mr Li said to me.)meMr Li (3) “Would you like to show me your book? ” Kate says to me.Kate()me.Exercise Three把直接引语变成间接引语(陈述句)一般现在时1) “We go to school on Saturday. ”2) “I wan

33、t to give your sister a Christmas card. ”3) “ I will visit my daughter in March.”He says4) She says,“I m glad to meet you. ”把直接引语变成间接引语(陈述句)一般过去时5) “ I am a teacher. ”6) “We are at the coffee shop.”They said7) “ I don t have any books about animals.Rik told Annie8) “The earth goes round the sun. ”The teacher saidExercise Four把直接引语变成间接引语(般疑问句)一般现在时1) 1 really don t know. “ Did they go to the park yesterday? ”2) The prin cipal wan ts to know.“ Do the stude ntsstudy hard? ”把直接引语变成间接引语(一般疑问句)一般过去时3) They won dered. “ Shall we buy some food forpicnic? ”4) “ Is your mother a doctor or not? ” Lucy