高二语文配套练习 1.2 当仁不让于师（新人教版选修《先秦诸子选读》） Word版含解析

1、二、当仁,不让于师一、夯基训练1.下列句中不含通假字的一项是()a.道之斯行b.亡之,命矣夫c.夫子矢之曰d.毋吾以也答案:b解析:a项,道,通“导”;c项,矢,通“誓”;d项,以,通“已”,停止。2.下列各组句子中的加点词意义和用法相同的一项是()a.君子一言以为知多见其不知量也b.人虽欲自绝假舟楫者,非能水也,而绝江河c.偃之言是也觉今是而昨非d.莫春者,春服既成后世之谬其传而莫能名者答案:c解析:a项,通“智”,聪明,智慧;知道。b项,动词,断绝;渡过。c项,都是形容词,正确。d项,同“暮”;不定指代词,没有谁,没有人。3.下列各组句子中的加点词意义和用法相同的一项是()a.瞻之在前,忽

2、焉在后盘盘焉,囷囷焉b.仲尼岂贤于子乎当仁,不让于师c.其生也荣,其死也哀如其礼乐,以俟君子d.非夫人之为恸而谁为为国以礼答案:a解析:a项,都是词尾,用于形容词、副词之后,相当于“然”,的样子。b项,介词,比;介词,对于。c项,人称代词,他;代词,那。d项,介词,为了;动词,治理。4.从词类活用的角度看,下列句中加点词的用法与例句不相同的一项是()例句:犹天之不可阶而升也a.闻弦歌之声b.风乎舞雩c.曾皙后d.博我以文答案:d解析:例句中的“阶”是名词用作动词,竖起梯子。a项,“弦歌”为名词用作动词,弹琴唱歌。b项,“风”,名词用作动词,吹风乘凉。c项,“后”,名词用作动词,后来离开。d项,

3、“博”为形容词的使动用法,使广博。5.下列各句的文言句式与例句相同的一项是()例句:博我以文,约我以礼a.异乎三子者之撰b.不吾知也c.正唯弟子不能学也d.贤哉,回也答案:a解析:例句与a项都是介宾短语后置(状语后置)。b项宾语前置,c项判断句,d项主谓倒装。二、课内阅读6.阅读下面的文字,完成第68题。陈子禽谓子贡曰:“子为恭也,仲尼岂贤于子乎?”子贡曰:“君子一言以为知,一言以为不知。言不可不慎也!夫子之不可及也,犹天之不可阶而升也。夫子之得邦家者,所谓立之斯立,道之斯行,绥之斯来,动之斯和。其生也荣,其死也哀。如之何其可及也?”(论语子张)子之武城,闻弦歌之声。夫子莞尔而笑,曰:“割鸡焉

4、用牛刀!”子游对曰:“昔者偃也闻诸夫子曰:君子学道则爱人,小人学道则易使也。”子曰:“二三子!偃之言是也!前言戏之耳。”(论语阳货)下列句中加点词的解释不正确的一项是()a.仲尼岂贤于子乎于:介词,比b.夫子之不可及也之:结构助词,的c.夫子莞尔而笑而:连词,表修饰关系d.如之何其可及也如:与“何”连用,解释为“怎么”答案:b解析:b项中的“之”是结构助词,用在主谓之间,取消句子独立性,不译。7.对下列句子中加点词的意义和用法判断正确的一项是()君子一言以为知言不可不慎也夫子之不可及也如之何其可及也a.相同,不同。b.相同,相同。c.不同,不同。d.不同,相同。答案:d解析:名词,话;动词,说

5、话;动词,赶得上,比得上;同。8.把下列句子翻译成现代汉语。(1)犹天之不可阶而升也。(2)小人学道则易使也。答案: (1)就像他们不可能踩着梯子爬到天上去一样。(2)地位低的人学了道就容易使唤。9.阅读下面的文字,完成第911题。“点,尔何如?”鼓瑟希,铿尔,舍瑟而作,对曰:“异乎三子者之撰。”子曰:“何伤乎?亦各言其志也。”曰:“莫春者,春服既成,冠者五六人,童子六七人,浴乎沂,风乎舞雩,咏而归。”夫子喟然叹曰:“吾与点也!”三子者出,曾皙后。曾皙曰:“夫三子者之言何如?”子曰:“亦各言其志也已矣!”曰:“夫子何哂由也?”曰:“为国以礼。其言不让,是故哂之。”“唯求则非邦也与?”“安见方六

6、七十,如五六十,而非邦也者?”“唯赤则非邦也与?”“宗庙、会同,非诸侯而何?赤也为之小,孰能为之大!”(论语先进)下列句中的加点词解释不正确的一项是()a.鼓瑟希,铿尔,舍瑟而作作:站起来b.何伤乎?亦各言其志也伤:伤害c.夫子何哂由也哂:微笑d.吾与点也与:赞许答案:b解析:b项,伤:妨碍。10.下列各组句子中的加点词意义和用法相同的一项是()a.舍瑟而作咏而归b.何伤乎浴乎沂,风乎舞雩c.夫子何哂由也非诸侯而何d.亦各言其志也吾与点也答案:d解析:a项,连词,表顺承关系;连词,表修饰关系。b项,语气助词,表反问;介词,在。c项,疑问代词,为什么;疑问代词,什么。d项,都是语气助词,表陈述语

7、气。11.把下列句子翻译成现代汉语。(1)异乎三子者之撰。(2)为国以礼。其言不让,是故哂之。答案:(1)跟三位说的不同。(2)治理国家要用礼。他说话不谦让,因此我笑他。三、延伸阅读12.阅读下面的文言文,完成第1215题。仲尼适楚,出于林中,见痀偻者承蜩,犹掇之也。仲尼曰:“子巧乎,有道邪?”曰:“我有道也。五六月累丸二而不坠则失者锱铢累三而不坠则失者十一累五而不坠犹掇之也。吾处身也,若橛株枸;吾执臂也,若槁木之枝;虽天地之大,万物之多,而唯蜩翼之知。吾不反不侧,不以万物易蜩之翼,何为而不得!”孔子顾谓弟子曰:“用志不分,乃凝于神,其痀偻丈人之谓乎!”(选自庄子达生)注:蜩:蝉。橛(ju)株

8、(zh)枸(j):短树根。下列句中加点词的解释不正确的一项是()a.仲尼适楚适:动词,到去b.犹掇之也掇:动词,拾取,捡取c.虽天地之大虽:连词,虽然d.孔子顾谓弟子曰顾:只是答案:d解析:d项,顾:动词,回头。13.下列句中加点词语的意义和用法与例句相同的一项是()例句:子之武城,闻弦歌之声a.犹掇之也b.唯蜩翼之知c.若槁木之枝d.天地之大答案:c解析:例句与c项均为结构助词,的。a项,人称代词,它;b项,结构助词,宾语前置的标志;d项,结构助词,用在主谓之间,取消句子独立性。14.用“/”给下列句子断句。五六月累丸二而不坠则失者锱铢累三而不坠则失者十一累五而不坠犹掇之也答案:五六月累丸二

9、而不坠/则失者锱铢/累三而不坠/则失者十一/累五而不坠/犹掇之也15.把下列句子翻译成现代汉语。(1)仲尼适楚,出于林中,见痀偻者承蜩,犹掇之也。(2)吾不反不侧,不以万物易蜩之翼,何为而不得!(3)用志不分,乃凝于神,其痀偻丈人之谓乎!答案:(1)孔子要到楚国去,走过一片树林的时候,看见一个驼背老人正在拿竿子粘蝉,(粘得很容易)就像在拾取一样。(2)我心无二念,不因外物纷繁而改变对蝉翼的注意,为什么会得不到呢!(3)用心不分散,就聚精会神,这说的就是驼背老人吧!参考译文:孔子要到楚国去,走过一片树林的时候,看见一个驼背老人正在拿竿子粘蝉,(粘得很容易)就像在拾取一样。孔子问:“你的技术这样精

10、巧,你有什么门道吗?”驼背老人说:“我有门道。我用五六个月的时间练习在竿子上累叠弹丸,如果能累叠上两个不落下来,那么我捕起蝉来只有很少的失误;如果累叠上三个不落下来,我捕起蝉来只有十分之一的失误;如果累叠上五个不落下来,那么我捕起蝉来就像拾取那样容易了。我身子站在这里,好像枯枝一样一动不动;我的胳膊举起来,好像枯枝的枝干;虽然天地这么大,万物这么多,可是我的心中只知道蝉翼的存在。我心无二念,不因外物纷繁而改变对蝉翼的注意,为什么会得不到呢!孔子回过头来对他的弟子们说:“用心不分散,就聚精会神,这说的就是驼背老人吧!”i92tgkqcwa3ptgshls50clmtwn60eo8wgqv7xav

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