国际贸易术语解释通则2010之FOB(中英对照版)

1、FREE ON BOARD 船上交货 FOB (in sert named port of shipme nt) In coterms 2010 船上交货(指定装运港) GUIDANCE NOTE 序言 This rule is to be used only for sea or inland waterway transport. 该术语仅适用于海运或内河运输。 “ Free on Board ” means that the seller delivers the goods on boardesthselvnominated by the buyer at the named port

2、 of shipment or procures the goods already so delivered. The risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes when the goods are on board the vessel, and the buyer bears all costs from that moment onwards. “ Free on Board是指当卖方在指定的装运港将货物运至买方指定的船上或取得已按此 送交的货物 ，即完成交货。当货物已运至船上时， 货物灭失或损坏的风险发生转移，买方自 那时起承担一切费

3、用。 The seller is required either to deliver the goods on board the vessel or to procure goods already so delivered for shipment. The reference to“ procure ” lehsearlescadtoewrsnfoar multip chain (string sales ), particularly common in the commodity trades. 卖方必须将货物运到船上或取得已按此送交准备发运的货物。 这里的 “取得”适合于多层 次

4、链条式销售(线性销售)，在商品销售中尤为普遍。 FOB may not be appropriate where goods are handed over to the carrier before they are on board the vessel, for example goods in containers, which are typically delivered at a terminal. In such situations, the FCA rule should be used. FOB不适用于货物在装船之前移交给承运人的情况，比如集装箱内的货物通常在目的地 交付

5、。在这种情况下，应使用 FCA 术语。 FOB requires the seller to clear the goods for export, where applicable. However, the seller has no obligation to clear the goods for import, pay any import duty or carry out any import customs formalities. FOB 要求在需要办理海关手续时由卖方负责货物出口清关。然而，卖方并没有义务办 理货物进口清关、负担任何进口关税或办理任何进口海关手续。 A TH

6、E SELLER OBLIGATIONS 卖方义务 A1 General obligations of the seller 卖方基本义务 The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity that may be required by the contract. Any document referred to in A1-A10 may be an equivalen

7、t electronic record or procedure if agreed between the parties or customary. 卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货物和商业发票以及按照合同约定必需的有同等作 用的其他任何凭证。以及经当事人同意或根据交易习惯在 A1-A10 中提到的任何有同等作用 的电子记录或程序的凭证。 A2 Licences, authorizations, security clearances and other formalities 许可，授权，安全许可和其他正式手续 Where applicable, the seller must obta

8、in, at its own risk and expense, any export licence or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities necessary for the export of the goods. 在需要办理清关手续时，卖方必须承担风险和费用获得任何出口许可或其他官方授权， 办理货物出口所需的一切海关手续。 A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance 运输合同和保险合同 a) Contract of carriage 运输合同 The s

9、eller has no obligation to the buyer to make a contract of carriage. However, if requested by the buyer or if it is commercial practice and the buyer does not give an instruction to the contrary in due time, the seller may contract for carriage on usual terms at the buyer expense. In either case, th

10、e seller may decline to make the contract of carriage and, if it does, shall promptly notify the buyer. 卖方没有义务为买方订立运输合同。 但若买方要求， 或者如果是商业惯例而买方未适时 给予卖方相反指示， 则卖方可按照通常条件订立运输合同， 费用和风险由买方承担。 在任何 一种情况下，卖方都可以拒绝订立此合同；如果拒绝，则应立即通知买方。 b) Contract of insurance 保险合同 The seller has no obligation to the buyer to ma

11、ke a contract of insurance. However, the seller must provide the buyer, at the buyer s request, risk, and expense (if any), with information that the buyer needs for obtaining insurance. 卖方没有义务为买方订立保险合同。但应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用，卖方必须提 供给买方办理保险所需的相关信息。 A4 Delivery 交货 The seller must deliver the goods either b

12、y placi ng them on board the vessel nomin ated by the buyer at the loadi ng poin t, if any, in dicated by the buyer at the n amed port of shipme nt or by procuri ng the goods so delivered. In either case, the seller must deliver the goods on the agreed date or with in the agreed period and in the ma

13、nner customary at the port. If no specific loading point has been indicated by the buyer, the seller may select the point with in the n amed port of shipme nt that best suits its purpose. 卖方必须将在买方指定的装运港，在买方指定的装运地点，在约定日期或期限内，按照 该港习惯方式将货物交至买方指定的船上或取得已交运的货物。 若买方没有指定具体交货点，那么卖方可选择指定装运港内最适合其目的的交货点。 A5 Tra

14、nsfer of risks 风险转移 The seller bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods until they have been delivered in accorda nee with A4 with the excepti on of loss or damage in the circumsta nces described in B5. 除B5规定者外，卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险，直至已按照A4规定交货为 止。 A6 Allocati on of costs 费用划分 The seller must

15、pay卖方必须支付： a) all costs relating to the goods until they have been delivered in accordance with A4, other than those payable by the buyer as en visaged in B6; and b) where applicable, the costs of customs formalities necessary for export, as well as all duties, taxes and other charges payable upon e

16、xport. 除按照B6规定应由买方支付的费用外，卖方必须支付与货物有关的一切费用，直至已 按照A4规定交货为止；在需要办理海关手续时，货物出口应办理的海关手续费用及出口应 交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用。 A7 Notices to the buyer 通知买方 The seller must, at the buyer s risk and expense, give the buyer sufficient notice either that the goods have been delivered in accordance with A4 or that the vessel h

17、as failed to take the goods with in the time agreed. 在货物已按照A4规定交付或在约定时间内船舶未能接收货物时，卖方必须给予买方充 分通知，由买方承担风险和费用。 A8 Delivery docume nt 交货凭证 The seller must provide the buyer, at the seller s expense, with the usual proof that the goods have bee n delivered in accorda nce with A4. Un less such proof is a

18、tran sport docume nt, the seller must provide assistance to the buyer, at the buyer s request, risk and expense, in obtaining a tran sport docume nt. 卖方必须自担费用向买方提供证明已按照A4规定交货的通常单据。如果这些凭证不是 运输单据，应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用，卖方必须给予买方协助以取得运输单据。 A9 Checking -packaging -marking 查对、包装、标记 The seller must pay the costs

19、of those check ing operati ons (such as check ing quality, measuring, weighing, counting) that are necessary for the purpose of delivering the goods in accorda nce with A4, as well as the costs of any pre-shipme nt in specti on man dated by the authority of the country of export. The seller must, at

20、 its own expe nse, package the goods, uni ess it is usual for the particular trade to tran sport the type of goods sold un packaged. The seller may package the goods in the manner appropriate for their tran sport, uni ess the buyer has no tified the seller of specific packagi ng requireme nts before

21、 the con tract of sale is con cluded. Packagi ng is to be marked appropriately. 卖方必须支付按照A4规定为了将货物交给买方处置所需进行的查对费用(如查对货物 品质、丈量、过磅、点数的费用)以及出口国有关当局在装运前强制检验的费用。卖方必须 自付费用包装货物，除非按照相关行业惯例，所售类型的货物通常无需包装发运。卖方应该 按照有关货物运输所要求的方式包装货物，除非买方在订立合同前已经通知卖方特殊的包装 要求。包装应作适当标记。 A10 Assista nce with in formation and related

22、 costs 信息协助及相关费用 The seller must, where applicable, in a timely manner, provide to or render assistance in obtaining for the buyer, at the buyer s request, risk and expense, any documents and information, including security-related information, that the buyer needs for the import of the goods and/or

23、 for their transport to the final destination. The seller must reimburse the buyer for all costs and charges in curred by the buyer in provid ing or ren deri ng assista nee in obta ining docume nts and in formatio n as en visaged in B10. 应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用，在需要办理清关手续时，卖方必须给予买方一切及 时的协助，以帮助其取得包括买方为进口货物和/或

24、为使货物运输到最终目的地所需的有关 货物安全信息在内的任何凭证和信息。卖方必须偿付买方按照B10规定在卖方获得相关凭证 和信息时给予协助所发生的费用。 B THE BUYER OBLIGATIONS 买方义务 B1 Ge neral obligatio ns of the buyer买方基本义务 The buyer must pay the price of the goods as provided in the con tract of sale. 买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。 Any docume nt referred to in B1-B10 may be an equival

25、e nt electr onic record or procedure if agreed betwee n the parties or customary. 以及经当事人同意或根据交易习惯在B1-B10中提到的任何有同等作用的电子记录或程 序的凭证。 B2 Licences, authorizations, security clearances and other formalities 许可，授权，安全许可和其他正式手续 Where applicable, it is up to the buyer to obta in, at its own risk and expe nse,

26、any import licence or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities for the import of the goods and for their tran sport through any coun try. 在需要办理清关手续时，由买方自担风险和费用获得任何进口许可或其他官方授权，并 负责办理货物进口和从他国过境的一切海关手续。 B3 Con tracts of carriage and in sura nce 运输合同和保险合同 a) Contract of carriag

27、e 运输合同 The buyer must con tract, at its own expe nse for the carriage of the goods from the n amed port of shipme nt, except where the con tract of carriage is made by the seller as provided for in A3 a). 买方必须自付费用订立自指定装运港运输货物的合同，卖方按照A3 a)订立了运输合同 时除外。 b) Contract of in sura nce 保险合同 The buyer has no

28、obligati on to the seller to make a con tract of in sura nce. 买方没有义务为卖方订立保险合同。 B4 Taki ng delivery 受领货物 The buyer must take delivery of the goods whe n they have bee n delivered as en visaged in A4. 买方必须在卖方按照A4规定交货时，受领货物。 B5 Transfer of risks 风险转移 The buyer bears all risks of loss of or damage to th

29、e goods from the time they have bee n delivered as en visaged in A4. 买方必须承担自按照 A4规定交货之时起货物灭失或损坏的一切风险； If a) the buyer fails to notify the nomination of a vessel in accordance with B7; or 如果买方未按照B7规定就指定的船只给予卖方相应通知； b) the vessel nominated by the buyer fails to arrive on time to enable the seller to c

30、omply with A4, is unable to take the goods, or closes for cargo earlier than the time notified in accordance with B7; then, the buyer bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods: (i) from the agreed date, or in the abse nce of an agreed date, (ii) from the date no tified by the seller un der A

31、7 with in the agreed period, or, if no such date has been notified, (iii) from the expiry date of any agreed period for delivery, provided that the goods have bee n clearly ide ntified as the con tract goods. 或当自约定的交货日期或并未约定日期；自买方按照A7规定指定的约定期限内的日期 起或买方并未指定该日期； 或自交货期限届满之日起 (但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下为 限)，买方指定的船

32、只未能按时到达致使卖方未能按照A4规定交货，或未能接收货物或较按 照B7通知的时间提早停止运输货物，买方承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。 B6 Allocatio n of costs 费用划分 The buyer must pay买方必须支付： a) all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered as envisaged in A4, except, where applicable, the costs of customs formalities n ecessary for export, a

33、s well as all duties, taxes and other charges payable upon export as referred to in A6 b); 自按照A4规定交货之时起与货物有关的一切费用，以及在需要办理海关手续时，货物 出口所需办理海关手续的费用和按照A6 b)规定在货物出口时应交纳的一切关税、税款和其 他费用 b) any additi onal costs in curred, either because: (i) the buyer has failed to give appropriate notice in accordance with

34、B7, or (ii) the vessel nomin ated by the buyer fails to arrive on time, is un able to take the goods, or closes for cargo earlier than the time notified in accordance with B7, provided that the goods have bee n clearly ide ntified as the con tract goods; and 在买方未能按照B7规定给予卖方适当通知，或买方指定的船只未能按时到达，或未能 接收

35、货物，或较按照B7通知的时间提早停止运输货物时，买方应承担所发生的一切额外费 用，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下为限。 c) where applicable, all duties, taxes and other charges, as well as the costs of carry ing out customs formalities payable upon import of the goods and the costs for their tran sport through any coun try. 在需要办理海关手续时，货物进口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，以及

36、办理海关 手续的费用和从他国过境的费用。 B7 Notices to the seller 通知卖方 The buyer must give the seller sufficie nt no tice of the vessel n ame, loadi ng point and, where n ecessary, the selected delivery time with in the agreed period. 买方必须就指定船只名称、装运点和必要时约定期限内的指定交货时间给予卖方充分通 知。 B8 Proof of delivery 交货证明 The buyer must ac