初中英语定语从句的用法归纳

1、初中英语定语从句用法归纳定语从句是一种形容词的关系从句。它由关系代词或关系副词引导（1）。初中英语中的定语从句仅限于限制性定于从句，但对初中生来说，定语从句既是一个重点，也是一个难点。一、英语中的定语从句与汉语中的定语位置不同。在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。英语中的定语从句始终要放在被修饰的词之后，而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前。如：The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher.先行词定语从句昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。二、英语从句中的句型结构比较复杂，

2、有先行词、关系代词或关系副词。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词或关系副词。限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系（2）。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充当一个成分。关系代词在句中可作主语、 宾语或定语，关系副词在句中作状语。如：I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. （主语）先行词 关系代词我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。The dictionarythat / which my sister gave me last S

3、unday is very expensive.(宾语 )先行词关系代词我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵。The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. (定语 )先行词关系代词那个是他的母亲，名叫琳达布朗。That is the house where my father used to live.( 状语 )先行词关系副词那是我父亲曾经居住过的房子。三、初中英语中的定语从句关系代词或关系副词的具体用法。1. who 指人（也可用 that），在定语从句中作主语，也可作宾语。如：Yesterday I helped an old man

4、 who / that lost his way. （主语）昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。Mr Wang is the man (who / that / whom )you met in the zoo this morning.(宾语 )王先生就是今天早上你在动物里遇到的那个人。注意：关系代词who 指人 ,作宾语时，可用whom 代替；作宾语时，关系代词可省略。作其它成分，关系代词则不能省略。2. whose 指人，也可指物。在定语从句中作定语。The boy whose mother is ill is staying at home to look after her today.其母

5、亲生病的那个男孩今天呆在家里照顾她。I have a story book whose cover is red.我有一本封面是红色的故事书。3. which 指物（也可用 that），在定语从句中作主语，也可作宾语。如：Football is a game which / that is liked by most boys. （主语）足球是被大多数男孩喜欢的运动。I don believet the news which / that Tom won the game. (宾语 )我不相信汤姆赢得这场比赛的消息。四、关系代词 whom, which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起

6、放在先行词与定语从句之间。如：That is the place in which I lived for five years.=That is the place which / that I lived in for five years.那就是我住过五年的地方。Mr Zhang is the man for whom I am looking.=Mr Zhang is the man who / whom / that I am looking for.张先生就是我正在找的那个人。五、具体使用关系代词或关系副词需要注意的问题。1. 先行词是地点时，如果该先行词做了定语从句的主语或宾语时

7、，关系代词用that 或 which. 如：The school that / which I used to study in is becoming better and better.(the school 作了介词 in 的宾语。 )我过去曾经学习的那所学校变得越来越好了。先行词是地点时，如果该先行词不作定语从句的主语或宾语时，关系代词用where. 如：The place where the accident happened isn fart from our school.事故发生的那个地方离我们学校不远。(定语从句中的动词happened是不及物动词，它不跟宾语，而the ac

8、cident 又作了定语从句的主语，因此该定语从句既不需要主语，也不需要宾语。)2.只用 that，不用 which 的情况。（ 1）前有序数词修饰时。如：This is the tenth gift that I received for my birthday.这是我收到的第十个生日礼物。（ 2）前有形容词最高级修饰时。如：That is the most exciting game that I have ever watched.那是我曾经看过最令人兴奋的比赛。（ 3）先行词是 all, little, few, something, anything, everything 等不定代

9、词时。如：Allthat he told me is true. 他告诉我的一切是真实的。（ 4）先行词被 the only 修饰时。如：The only thing that I can get is a pen. 我唯一能得到的东西就是一支钢笔。（ 5）先行词既指人，又指物时。如：We talked about the people and the things that we were interested in.我们谈论了我们感兴趣的人和事。3. 只用 which ，不用 that 的情况。（ 1）定语从句是物时，定语从句由 “介词 +关系代词 which ”引导。如：The thing about which the teacher is talking is very important.老师正在谈论的那件事非常重要。（ 2）先行词本身是 that, thos