无语的艺术形式爱丽斯·沃克的日常生活美学观毕业论文

1、acknowledgements about this paper, it is necessary to thanks for so many peoples support and it is impossible to finish it without the help of my teachers, friends, family and classmates.first of all, i would like to express my gratitude and thanks to my supervisor miss tian. in this long process of

2、 paper writing, she has given me valuable suggestions and encouragement. and she provides me consistent guidance and helps me to research this topic deeply. without her generous support, this paper would not have been completed smoothly.besides, i am grateful to the teachers who taught me, such as a

3、ssociate professor shi. their lectures on the studies have offered me a lot, and i have learned much from them.next, i would like to give thanks to all my classmates, who have given me much encouragement and support. without their unselfish help and understanding, my four-year study would not have b

4、een so successful and meaningful.finally, my family and my friends have given me continuous love and support, so i want to thank them sincerely.in short, i would like to say thank you for all the teachers, friends and classmates who have given me support during the passed four years. because of thei

5、r help, i can finish my paper completely, and then i will continue to make efforts to research, so as to realize my dream.abstractbefore alice walker, black womens daily life almost did not enter the critics views and studies. but alice walker expressed the great art hidden in black women s daily li

6、fe such as sewing quilts, digging herbs, cultivating the garden, etc. she regarded the black women as the special artists and believed that they created a kind of speechless art form. this essay will reveal the speechless art form that is hidden in black womens daily life through the research on dai

7、ly details of the novel characters celie, sophia, nettie, etc in the color purple. the different symbolism meanings of the art in the novel are very important for the expression of the theme. this essay will reveal alice walkers daily life aesthetics.key words: the color purple; the meanings of symb

8、olism; speechless art form. 摘要在爱丽斯沃克之前，黑人女性的日常生活几乎没有进入批评家的视野与探究，而爱丽丝沃克则最大限度的挖掘了潜藏在黑人女性日常生活中如缝制被褥、挖草药、整治菜园中的伟大艺术。她把黑人女性看成是特殊的艺术家，认为她们在生活中创造了一种“无语的艺术形式”。本文将通过研究紫色中西莉亚、索菲亚、奈蒂、莎格等生活中不同的生活细节来揭示日常生活中这种“无语的艺术形式”的象征意义及对主题的表现。最终本文将揭示爱丽斯沃克的日常生活美学观。 关键字：紫色；象征性意义；无语的艺术形式 contents1. introduction.12. the creativi

9、ty source of “speechless art form” in the color purple.22.1 clothes .32.2 colors.42.3 quilting.63. the aesthetics of the speechless art form in the color purple.83.1 the symbolism of the daily life things.83.2 pursuit of love.104.3 the new image of the black women.114. conclusion.12biography.14 alic

10、e walkers view of “speechless art form” in the color purplei. introduction.alice walker is a very famous afro-american woman writer. she is one of the most important black woman writers in the contemporary american literature. her masterpiece the color purple causes the critics attention due to her

11、new conception and unique techniques. after its publication in 1982, the novel immediately becomes the best seller in the united states. in 1983, it wins both the pulitzer prize and the american book award. in 1984, it is adapted for film by steven spielberg. alice walker becomes the first pulitzer

12、prize winner among the american black woman writers.alice walker is born in eatonton, georgia on february 9, 1944. a black child born into poverty, walker starts her life with many disadvantages. her family lives as sharecroppers in the deep south. at the age of eight, walker loses eyesight in one o

13、f her eyes when an elder brother accidentally shoots her with a bb gun. her childhood is typical like other women of her time; she often has to confront racism and sexual abuse. due to the loss of eyesight and scares on her face, walker soon grows isolated from the rest of her community, spending mo

14、st of her time reading and writing about people around her. during this period, she develops a deep bond with her mother and other relatives who inspire her to become an independent black woman. despite these obstacles, walker grows up to be quite successful. she graduates at the top of her high sch

15、ool class and soon graduates from college. walker lives in mississippi during the civil rights movement and is an avid activist for minority and womens rights. in 1983, walker is awarded the pulitzer prize for her most famous novel-the color purple. walker will be remembered not only as an award-win

16、ning author, but also as a leader for black womens rights.the color purple, alice walkers third novel, is published in 1982. it deals with black women in the rural south during the first half of the twentieth century. in the color purple, alice walker portrays the gradual forming of a new black woma

17、n-celie, who undergoes from the patriarchal oppression to awakening and independence. celie is violently raped by her stepfather alfonso many times, but she dares not to say to anybody except god because her stepfather threatens her. celie has two children but they are taken away immediately by alfo

18、nso when they are born. later alfonso marries her to mr. albert, who just considers celie as a tool for sex and housework. as a result, celie endures a hard and loveless life. albert even has evil intentions on her sister, nettie. so nettie runs away and later is adopted by a black missionary couple

19、 who takes her to africa. being illness, shug avery, an american-africa singer also alberts lover, is brought back to his home. under the good care of celie, shug gradually recovers and establishes a good relationship with celie. influenced by shug, celie becomes confident and also learns to appreci

20、ate herself. later, with the help of shug, she finds that albert has secretly keeps netties letter to her for many years. she is so angry that she leaves albert finally. she gets economic independence by making pants. after alphonso dies, celie inherits the house. on the other hand, albert goes down

21、 slope after celie leaves him. after introspection, he transforms to be a good man and becomes friends with celie. in the end, celie reunites with her sister and her own children. celie not only wins her respect, love and dignity, but also establishes a harmonious relationship with men. in the novel

22、, alice walker expresses the great art that hidden in the black womans daily life such as sewing quits, digging herbs, cultivating the garden, etc. during the creativity, walker has to challenge all the difficulties and finishes the perfect art of the fiction with rich imagination. women magazine ha

23、s predicted that the novel would cause a sensation in the united states. (yang 12) the fact also had proved that the color purple bring up many commenters attention. liu yuan asserts in “the color purple and alice walkers womanism” (2006) that the novel gives a full expression of the ideological emo

24、tion of womanism and a vivid description of black womens struggle for liberation and equality.(liu 99) in “the pattern of chang in alice walker” (2000), liu ying argues that the pattern change in alice walkers heroines shows her understanding of the process that black woman must undergo to achieve t

25、heir vision. (liu 112) zuo yaqin says in “the narrative technique of the color purple” (2005) that the novels narrative techniques are helpful to express the authors idea successfully. (zuo 223) this essay will deals with how to inherit the culture and the tradition of the black women and keep the b

26、lack womens special. the special form “speechless art form” creates the beautiful sense of the novel successfully and reveals a special “word picture” and “thought pictures” (gates 118)2. the creativity source of “speechless art form” alice walker believes that the black women have a special ability

27、 to create and keep the beauty art in the daily life. communication aesthetics can be found in daily ordinary objects in black womens life and consciousness. the poetic beauty hidden in their life is excavated by alice walker with her deep understanding for aesthetics. for hundred years, they and th

28、eir mother, grandmother and great-grandmother inherit the countless beautiful true stories. they play an extraordinary imagination in sewing the quilt, weaving the veil, knitting mat and digging herbs.2.1 clothesin the color purple, the changes in celies cloth are very significant. at first, celie c

29、ant decide what she likes to wear. because the male-dominated society does not allow women to have their own idea to decide things. she has to meet her stepfathers and husbands requirements. she has no idea about her self-value and her identity. all those clothes imply that she has no basic right th

30、at a person should deserve. she is under the control of her stepfather and husband, and has no idea to rebel against them.in the color purple, for women, especially for black women, they are not allowed to wear pants. it is mens privilege. mr_ tells cellie that man and woman could not wear the same

31、cloths. only men have the rights to wear pants. apparently, men and women are not equal there. on this condition, celie not only makes pants, but also wears them, which gradually clears up the tradition of mens domination. meanwhile, through pants-making, celies creativity shows up, this indicates t

32、he talent of celie at making clothes. as for alice walker, she shows womens relation with the black, and suggests womens importance in culture passing-down. instead of betraying the tradition, making pants is one way for women to find self-identity and follow their own thoughts.then shug comes into

33、celies life and tears celies coward and obedience into pieces. she helps celie become independent and turn her anger for alert into self-consciousness. shug makes a breakthrough in black womens dressing. she likes to wear bright clothes ornamented with furs. moreover, shug also tries to change celie

34、s clothes. she dresses celie with her bright clothes, stirs up celies longing for beauty and changes celies idea. following the advice of shug, celie begins to learn to do pants-making and opens her own clothing company-folkspants unlimited company. it offers the opportunities for celie to show her

35、talent by designing her first pants. gradually, making pants becomes a way for her to get financial independence. she designs different kinds of pants for different males and females, which makes her a financially independent girl.she enjoys designing and making pants. gradually she discovers her wi

36、sdom and artistic beauty, and realizes her self-confidence in this manual labor. when women obtain economic independence, according to walker, they gain freedom of thinking, because they need not fawn on men anymore. therefore as a matter of fact, pants-making symbolizes a challenge to tradition. it

37、 also shows that women pursue the equality between female and male. 2.2 colors “goethe notes in his theory of colors that color can reflect the emotions, feelings even the personalities of person.”(obrien 148) it is evident that there are a varity of colors piercing through the novel. alice walker e

38、mploys the colors to reveal the personality of the characters as well as their emotions.the title of the novel is full of meaning. in the american traditional culture, the purple color symbolizes elegance, authority and dignity. the name of the novel also symbolizes the pursuit for the bright future

39、 and the happy life. at the beginning of the story, celie wants a piece of beautiful purple cloth to make clothes, which suggests that she has not got independence and self-identity. owning to shugs help, celie begins to make a living by herself, and becomes independent. she sets up folks pants comp

40、any, and then makes pants for her sistersofia. she chooses red and purple at her will for the pants, which indicates that celie begins to get dignity. at the end of the story, she possesses her own house and gets whatever she likes to adorn her room and do clothes. the changing of colors indicates t

41、hat she has become independent. the changing also symbolizes the statue from being oppressed under the men to her independence. at last, albert, the husband of celie, gives a purple frog to celie as a gift. it symbolizes his recognition of celie and the equality between the black men and women, and

42、the respect that the black women regain. in this way, alice walk makes celie represent the black womans right to be equal to the man and the white. in order to get rid of mens control, women should join together, take care of themselves, and love each other. only in this way can they become strong a

43、nd independent, and then they will gain their self-identity. using the color purple as the title, walker aims to establish the social states of black women, and even encourages them to gain the dignity. as for the denotation of purple itself, it symbolizes black womens independence and dignity.the c

44、olor of red is some kind of “charming color and it shows the elegance and glamour; meanwhile, red symbolizes enthusiasm, activeness and excitement.”(wang 77) in this novel, red symbolizes not only enthusiasm, but also excitement and happiness. before celie gets freedom, she is not allowed to be in r

45、ed because of the social traditional system. however shug uses red most. shug is the lover of celies husband, but she is very warmhearted, independent, optimistic and full of confidence. she is brave and can fight against the prejudice towards black women. in the novel she always likes wearing somet

46、hing red. shug is the person who helps celie get out of the oppression and gives her the encouragement to fight against her unfair fate and become a new woman. shug likes to travel from one place to another. but no matter where she goes, she is always welcomed by both the black and the white. becaus

47、e of shugs influence, celie learns to get rid of ignorance and alienation. she develops her self-consciousness gradually. eventually, she builds her own clothes company and gets an independent and happy life. in the color purple, walker regards shug as the model of all the black women, they should s

48、tand up like shug, and they deserve to wear red color, the color of enthusiasm and optimism.usually, black color signifies the negative aspects of human life, such as evil and terror. in american history, white people view black as ugly color. black people are called “nigger” and “crow”. whats worse

49、, the black nation is also thought as lower race. unfortunately, the black people themselves are deeply poisoned by this traditional conception, and live with self-abasement because of their black skins. however, in the novel, instead of showing the prejudice towards black, walker even endows black

50、with beauty. as a sensitive writer and a black woman, towards this abnormal aesthetic sense, walker makes a sharp criticism and exposure. in the color purple, celies father-in-law is a mixed blooded of black people and white people. therefore his skin color is lighter than common black people. he sl

51、anders shugs skin “just what is it about this shug avery anyway, she black as tar, she nappy headed. she got legs like basketball bats”. (walker 58) what is tar? tar is a kind of thick black sticky liquid, usually used in making roads. this symbolism is utilized here for indicating womens lower soci

52、al status. in addition, mr_ says to celie “you black, you pore, you ugly, you a woman. goddam, you nothing at all.” (walker 37) here walker reveals black peoples bad traits without reservation. it indicates that if black people can not liberate themselves from old thoughts, pursue their selves and u

53、nits together, they cant get freedom finally. when nettie travels to senegal, she describes the black “i feel i was seeing black for the first time. and celie, there is something magical about it. because the black is so black the eye is simply dazzled, and there is the shining that seems to come, r

54、eally, from moonlight, it is so luminous, but their skin glows even in the sun”.(walker 117) in netties eyes, black is so beautiful that she is very pride of her black skin. therefore in the color purple, walker gives black a new symbolic meaning-beauty. in fact, her original intention is to involve

55、 black peoples race consciousness, race-pride feelings, and self-confidence.in the color purple, yellow seems to appear when the heroines become optimistic towards life. when celie and sofia do quilt-making together, shug gives them a yellow skirt to cut into little stars, which suggests the strong

56、unity of sisters and the freedom that celie can get in the future. in addition, when celie is informed that her children, who have been sold by their stepfather, are still alive and live with nettie, she becomes longing for the future and wears a yellow hat with great pleasure. therefore, yellow is

57、the symbol of expectation, which brings hope and brightness to life.2.3 quiltingquilting is regarded as the typical traditional activity. it is the heritage of motherhood of afro-american women, and it represents the african folk art. (wu 06) it aims to stress the importance of the group unity in the black womens liberation. in in searc