从英译汉的实例分析看英汉思维方式差异

1、英语论文：从英译汉的实例分析看英汉思维方式差异 -A Contrastive Study of English-Chinese mode of thought; languages; English; Chinese 从英译汉的实例分析看英汉思维方式差异 摘 要 根源于不同的文化渊源 , 英汉两族人民形成了他们各自的思维模式。这种思维模 式的差异深深地影响了他们的各种生活方式 , 尤其体现在语言上。思维模式是一个非常复 杂抽象的概念 , 与哲学密切相关。在这篇论文中我将主要阐释英民族的个体性思维和汉民族 的整体性思维 , 因为它们之间的差异是思维模式中最突出的一面。英民族偏爱个体性思维, 这使

2、他们在认识世界时惯于将认知对象划分为小个体。然而 ,汉民族偏爱整体性思维 ,将世界 看成一个整体。语言深刻地反映了思维模式的这种差异, 因此就形成了英语的形合特征和汉 语的意合特征。这篇论文侧重阐述语言中的形合和意合特征以及它们各种的形成原因 思维模式。英语民族的人民惯于利用形合标志连接句子成分 , 而汉民族却常常应用自身的直 觉来体会世界。这篇论文将通过英译汉的翻译和统计数据来证实此观点。 关 键 词 英汉思维；对比；语言；英语；汉语 1. Introduction The famous Whorf hypothesis thinks that languages have determin

3、ing eff ects on modes of thought,whichis formedrelativelyto languagesan d different languages willbringon different thinkingpatterns.1p35 Liu Miqing（ 刘宓 庆 ） holds the opinion that modes of thought has controlled over lang uages 2p35, and languages are the concrete manifestation of modes o f thought.

4、 In my opinion, modes of thought decide the use of lang uages, and the reasons how languages are influenced by modes of thou ght should be examined from their relationship. Modes of thought and languages influence and reflect each other close ly.“ Thinking patterns, thought characteristics and think

5、ing styles are the philosophical mechanism of language production. Language actu ally attaches closely to the thought that is the profound mechanism. ” 3 p166 Thinking patterns are the deep-rooted mechanism of the forming and developing of languages, and on the other hand language s help to promote

6、the forming and developing of modes of thought. Languageis thecarrierof thinking and abstractionof reality,a nd mode ofthoughtis theconscious activity in whichpeople#39;smi nds reflect and realize the objective reality.4p36 The differences between thinking patterns are the main reasons that result i

7、n the differences of language forms, so I think the study of the features, the transition and the relationship of languages should be started with the study of modes of thought which connect closely with the c ultures and the languages. English-Chinese modes of thought have the ir own characteristic

8、s in thinking core, thinking pattern, cognition h abits and thinking principles. As a tool for communication the basi c attributeof English and Chinese are the same, so there are many similarities during the description and thinking with the two langua ges. But because of the influence of their own

9、cultures, there are many differences between the two languages, and based on different comparison foundation there are many different kinds of results. In this paper English-Chinese translation will be given and analyzed in details in order to understand the differences of the modes of t hought betw

10、een English and Chinese through their language manifestation s. Statistics will be given to explain the differences of English and Chinese, which is the foundationfor my analyzingof the differe nces of their own thinking patterns. As we know, there are many d ifferences between the two languages,suc

11、h as hypotaxis and parataxis, passive and active, static and dynamic, imperson and person. But in this passage, I will only mainly discuss from one point which is hypotaxis and parataxis. As Nida states in his book that study f rom linguistics,the most important differentcharacteristicbetween Ch ine

12、se and English is the difference of parataxis and hypotaxis.5P13 LiuMiqing holds the opinion that hypotaxis and parataxis are the “ unique characteristic ” for English and Chinese.6P13 The compari son of the difference will be described through statistical descriptio n and the deep-rooted reasons of

13、 thinkingpatternswill also be give n to explain the forming of the language difference. 2. The example of the English to Chinese translation 2.1 English original We know that clean energy technologies have great appeal to the deve loping world beyond the value we in the developed world attach to t h

14、eir capacity to limit climate change. Africa, for example, barely accounts for 1% of global greenhouse gas emissions. It s not surpr ising then that our partners on this continent are more concerned wi th the development potential of sustainable energy. The price volati lity of Africa s hydrocarbon

15、imports has played havoc with each stat es economy over recent decades and stymied progress. REEEP (Rene wable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership) s support for proven renewable technologies, such as solar water heating and co-generation -which of course rely on local products which dont need

16、to be i mported-willgreatly increase the reliability of Africa s energy sup ply, and thereby help spur development. The creating of a more even distribution of energy supply will, in turn, fuel new employment and commercial opportunities, particularly in rural areas.Renewablesources thenwill helpto

17、addressthe soci al inequalityacross the globe that we see in the currently marked and unacceptabledifferencebetween richand poornations interms of access to and use of energy supplies. 7P269 2.2 The Chinese translation 清洁性能源技术因为能够缓解气候变化而受到我们发达国家的青睐。 同样， 这种技术对发展 中国家也有巨大的吸引力， 但其价值却不止于此。 例如， 非洲的温室效应排放量

18、勉强占世界 总量的 1%。因此，我们在本大陆的伙伴更加关注可持续性能源的发展潜能也就不足为奇了。 最近几十年来非洲烃进口价格的不稳定性已经给各国经济造成了巨大破坏并妨碍了发展。 再 生性能源与能源效率合作组织（PEEEP对已证实的再生性能源技术的资助，如太阳能热水 器和热电联产技术当然， 这只依赖本地产品， 不必进口将大大增加非洲能源供应的可靠 性，从而促进发展。 反过来， 建立更均衡的能源供应可以提供新的就业和商业机会，尤其是在农村地区。 在能源 供应的选择与使用方面， 我们看到富国与贫国之间存在着今人难以接受的显著差距，再生性 能源将有助于消除这种全球性的社会不公。 8P274-275 3

19、. The main aspect of the differences -hypotaxis and parataxis Resulted from different thinking patterns there are so many different characteristics between Engl ish and Chinese. The complete study of the language characteristics surely will require many effe cts and time, so based on my own limited

20、knowledge, I will only try to explain the characteristics of hypotaxis and parataxis and their forming results. In my own opinion the characteristics of hypotaxis and parataxis are the most important difference s, and the analysis of them can let us better understand the two languages and their own

21、modes of t hought. 3.1 The definitions of the two concepts The differences of hypotaxis and parataxis should be examined based on the theory, and next I will first give a description of their concepts and combine them to the English-Chinese translation analyzing some sentences in details. 3.1.1 The

22、definition of hypotaxis The so called hypotaxis refers to the case that the component parts of a sentence are joined togethe r by using definite connectives, such as preposition, relative pronouns, conjunction, affixes, etc.9 P35 3.1.2 The definition of parataxis Parataxis means that the component p

23、arts of the sentence are placed in a definite order to indicate t heir relationship without any connectives in between. So, the syntactic structure appears to be so mewhat loose, but rather concise and expressive. 10P36 3.2 Example (1) English original: We know that clean energy technologies have gr

24、eat appeal to the developing world beyond the val ue we in the developed world attach to their capacity to limit climate change. Chinese version: 清洁性能源技术因为能够缓解气候变化而受到我们发达国家的青睐。同样， 这种技术对发展 中国家也有巨大的吸引力，但其价值却不止于此。 目 录 第一章 可行性研究报告概述 . 错误！未定义书签。 1.1 项目名称 错误！未定义书签。 1.2 项目承担单位 错误！未定义书签。 1.3 项目建设地点 错误！未定义书签

25、。 1.4 可研报告编制单位 错误！未定义书签。 1.5 项目概述及主要经济技术指标 错误！未定义书签。 第二章 编制目的、依据、原则和范围 错误！未定义书签。 2.1 编制目的 错误！未定义书签。 2.2 编制依据 错误！未定义书签。 2.3 编制原则 错误！未定义书签。 2.4 可行性研究的范围 错误！未定义书签。 第三章 建设的必要性 错误！未定义书签。 3.1 符合国家“十一五”规划纲要和循环经济要求 错误！未定义书签 3.2 环境保护和节能降耗的需要 错误！未定义书签。 3.3 企业可持续发展的需要 错误！未定义书签。 第四章 项目建设条件 错误！未定义书签。 4.1 主体工程概况 错误！未定义书签。 4.2 厂址选择 错误！未定义书签。 4.3 公用设施及社会依托条件 错误！ 第五章 改造规模与产品方案 . 错误！ 5.1 改造规模 错误！ 5.2 生产方案 错误！ 第六章 生产设备节电技改方案 . 错误！ 6.1 企业能耗现状分析 错误！ 6.2 改造设备运行参数 错误！ 6.3 技术方案