句子成分及结构

1、学习好资料欢迎下载句子成分及结构你知道吗？英语的句子结构组成是与汉语有着很大区别的。 我们在学习的时候，很多同学受母语的 影响太大，在英文写作时完全按照汉语的顺序将英文进行堆砌，这是因为我们对于英文句子的构成尚未掌握或掌握得不熟练，没有形成英语语言习惯。学了这么久的英语了，你对英语的句子成分真的清楚，理解吗?1. 主语：1）Mr. Chen is a great scientist.（作主语）2）Smoking is harmful to the health.（作主语）2. 谓语：1）The new term begins on September 1st .2）She seemstired

2、.3. 宾语：Wang Li ng lent me a no vel.（代词 me 作; 名词 a novel 作）4. 宾语补足语：1） They call me Lily sometimes. （作宾补）2） He asked her to take the boy out of school. （作宾补）5 .表语：The baby is asleep.（作表语，说明主语的状态是睡着的”）6 .定语：1）He is read ing an interesting book.2）I have someth ing important to tell you.7. 状语：He came he

3、re to see you.课堂习题（你知道下列句子划线部分在句子当中是充当什么成分吗？）1. The students got on the school bus.2. They went hunting together early in the morning.3. He took many photos of the palaces in Beji ng.4. They are worki ng on the farm now.5. Seeing is believing.6. His wish is to become a scie ntist.7. To catch the tra

4、in, I got up early yesterday.8. Would you please tell me your address?9. He sat there, read ing a n ewspaper.10. He no ticed a man en ter the room.二了解了句子成分了之后，我们再来学习一下句子类型：根据语法形式，即句子的结构，英语的句子可分为 、 和 1简单句你能举例子吗？简单句的基本句型：简单句有以下 5种基本句型。-（复杂一些的句子无不是由这些简 单句演变而来的。）1）例句：1. The sun was shining.2. The moon r

5、ose.3 We all breathe, eat, and drink.4. They talked for half an hour.总结：2）例句：1. She smiled her tha nks.2. He enjoys readi ng.3. I met Joh n in the street yesterday.4. They enjoy the play.总结：3) 例句：1. This is an En glish-Ch in ese dicti on ary.2. The dinner smells good.3. Everyth ing looks differe nt.

6、4. His face tur ned red.总结：补充：常见的系动词有： 注：这类型的句子没有 语态 Because the fruitvery delicious, itvery well.A. is tasted; sellsB. tastes; is soldC. tastes; sellsD. is tasted; is sold very reason able, the idea was widely accepted by us.A. SoundedB. To soundC. SoundingD. Sound4) 例句：1. She ordered herself a new

7、 dress.2. He brought you a dict ion ary.3. I showed him my pictures.4. I gave my car a wash.总结：常见的双宾语结构：bring sb. sth (bring sth to sb). leave sb. sth (leave sth.to sb) return sb. sth (return sth to sb) tell sb sth (tell sth to sb )5) 例句：1. The war made him a soldier.give sb. sth (give sth to sb.)pa

8、ss sb sth (pass sth to sb)show sb sth (show sth. to sb.)2. New methods make the job easy.3. The teacher asks the stude nts to close the win dows.4. I saw a cat running across the road.总结：性质等。用作宾语补足语的通注意：当宾语意思表达不完整时，需要补充说明宾语的状态、常有名词、形容词、动词不定式等。当谓语动词为see, hear , watch, feel等感官动词或者let,have , make等使役动词时

9、，如果不定式作宾语补足语，必须省略to。2. 并列句其基本结构是：简单句 +并列连词+简单句。注意：并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要，相互之间没有从属关系，是平行并列的关系。它们之间用连词连结。举举例子呢：3. 复合句注意：1.并列句和复合句都是以简单句为基本单位的，但并列句中的各个简单句都是同等重要的，没有主次之分。而复合句中的各个组成部分并非同等重要，其中总有一个独立小句（或称 主句”）,和一个或一个以上的从属小句（或称 从句”）,主句往往可以独立存在。复合句可分为：1）.2）.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8. 3）.1. 2. .3. 4. 判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句1. We

10、 often study Chin ese history on Friday afternoon.2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.3. There is a chair in this room, isn t there?4. My brother and I go to school at half past seve n in the morning and come back home at seve n in the evening.5. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two

11、.6. He was fond of draw ing whe n he was yet a child.7. What he said at the meeting is very impor tant, isn t it?8. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.单项选择1. Im sorry,can you tell me how to get to the school?A. forB. andC. butD. then2. Just because they make more money tha n I do,they seem to loo

12、k dow n on me.A. soB. andC. butD.不填3. Although he had only en tered the con test for fun,he won first prize.A. butB. andC. evenD.不填4. If wishes were horses,beggars would ride.A. andB. soC. orD.不填5. Work harder,you will lose your job in this compa ny.A. soB. thenC. andD. or6. He has been working hard

13、 recently, andI don t think he can make it.A. /B. butC. stillD. yet7. The point is not who said the words,they are true or not.A. but whether B. and whetherC. but how D. and how8. She thought I was talk ing about her daughter, in fact, I was talk ing about my daughter.A. whomB. whereC. whichD. while9. , so he did nt come to school last ni ght.A. Although he was illB. Bei