析what在名词性从句中的用法

1、析 what 在名词性从句中的用法What 作为引导词是英语名词性从句中学习的重点，也是学生正确使用的一大难点。近年来各地高考试题中多次对 what 在名词性从句中的用法进行考查，可见此词在英语学习中的重要地位。 下面就此词的一些用法作一简析：一、高考题中具体的考查情况1._matters most in learning English is enough practice.(NMET2007 全国卷 II)A.WhatB.WhyC.WhereD.WhichA 考查引导主语从句中作主语。2.The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summ

2、er. Warm sunshine and soft sands make _ it is.(NMET2007 天津卷 )A.whatB.whichC.howD.whereA 考查引导宾语从句中作 is 的表语3.-Are you still thinking about yesterday s game?03 北(NMET20京卷)-Oh,that s _.A.what makes me feel excitedB.whatever I feel excited aboutC.how I feel about itD.when I feel excitedA 考查引导表语从句中作主语4_ h

3、e referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.NMET2007 上海卷 A.ThatB.WhatC.WhetherD.WhereB 考查引导主语从句中作 referred to 的宾语5. By improving reading skills,you can read faster and understanding more of _ you read. 2007春季上海卷 B 考查引导宾语从句中作 read 的宾语6.Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in

4、 the classroom?NMET2005 辽宁卷 A.thatB.whatC.asD.whichB 考查引导同位语从句中作主语二、考查难点所在与解题技巧：1在引导名词性从句中 what 与 that 的区别：如上面例题 4 和 5 中可以看出，确定选 what 还是 that，关键在于：如果名词性从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，通常要用 what；如果从句中不缺少该类成分并且意义完整、明确，则用 that。又如：(1).What moved us most was his bravery and courage（.主语从句中缺少主语）(2).That he is very brave is

5、known to everybody here（.主语从句中不缺少成分）(3).Our school is no longer what it was five years ago. （表语从句中缺少表语）(4).That our team has won the first prize is really exciting.( 主语从句中不缺少成分 )2 what 引导的名词性从句与that 作关系代词引导定语从句的区别：(1).The thought of going back home was _ kept him happy while he was working abroad. 2

6、007 春季上海卷 A.thatB.all thatC.all whatD.whichBall 作 was 的表语 ,后接 that 引导的定语从句，且 that 作定语从句中主语； what 只引导名词性从句，不能引导定语从句，而 what 相当于定语从句中“先行词 +关系代词”的作用 ,所以，此题中 all that=what。又如：(2). A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago.NMET2004 天津 A.whatB.whichC.thatD.whereA 该题极易受“介词 +关系代词”（ in

7、which ）引导定语从句的干扰，其实 in 后应看成为宾语从句，且从句中缺少主语，故选 what=a place that.(3)You can only be sure of _you have at present; you cannot be sure of something_ you might get in the future.NMET2007 安徽卷 A.that;what B.what;/ C.which;that D./;thatBwhat 引导宾语从句 , 在介词 of 引导的宾语从句中作 have 的宾语 ; something 后接定语从句，关系代词 that 在从

8、句中作 get 的宾语可以省略。3.what 与 whatever 的区别 :(1).Could you do me a favor?NMET2006 北京卷 It depends on _it is.A.whichB.whicheverC.whatD.whateverC(2).These wild flowers are so special that I would do _ I can to savethem.NMET2000 北京春季 A.WhateverB.that C.whichD.whicheverA解析： what 引导名词性从句表具体情况，语气弱；而whatever 语气强，

9、概念笼统， 词义为“无论什么 ,所 的任何事情 ”。但二者在引导名词性从句时常可替换。例如：(3).What/Whatever I do is none of your business. 我做的事情 /任何事情都和你无关。(4).I will do what/whatever I can to help you.我将尽力 /竭尽全力来帮助你。三、巩固性练习：1._parents say and do has a life-long effect on theirchildren.NMET2007 陕西卷 A.That B.WhichC.WhatD.As2.It is none of your

10、 business _ other people think about you. Believeyourself.NMET2007 福建卷 A.how B.whatC.whichD.when3.The tourists lost their way in the mountains, and _ made mattersworse was that it began to rain.A.thatB.itC.whatD.which4._ has made the girl _ she is today?A.What,thatB.That, whatC.What, whatD.That,that

11、5._proves that my prediction is right.A.That has happenedB.What has happenedC.When it happenedD.It will happen that6._ she was invited to the party made her very happy.A.WhetherB.WhatC.ThatD.Because7._ all the students have in common is _ they work very hard.A.What, thatB.What, whatC.That, that D.Th

12、at, what8.The children s safety was just _ worried the parents most.A.whyB.whichC.thatD.what9. The young man said he would do _ it took to go abroad . A.what B.that C.which D.whatever10.Engines are to machines _ hearts are to animals.A.asB.thatC.whatD.which11.What did your parents think about your d

13、ecision?NMET2006全国卷 II-They always let me do _ I think I should.A.whenB.thatC.howD.what12.It seemed that after _ was a long time she began to wake up.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when13.Her sister has become a lawyer,_ she wanted to be.NMET2005湖北卷 A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which14.Do you still remember the chicken farm _ we visited three months ago?NMET2005 北京春季 A.whereB.whenC.thatD.what15.