宾语从句和表语从句

1、精品课件,1,We know him,We know he likes English.,主s,主s,谓v,谓v,宾o,宾o,简单句,复合句,精品课件,2,The Objective Clause 宾语从句,精品课件,3,1) I know that he will come. 2) I wonder whether/if she remembered my birthday. 4) It depends on whether they will support us. 5) He doesnt care what the headmaster said. 6) Please tell me

2、when he came back from the south. 7) Will you tell me how I can keep fit and healthy? 8) He asked whose book it belonged to.,精品课件,4,1) I know that he will come. 2) I wonder whether/if she remembered my birthday. 4) It depends on whether they will support us. 5) He doesnt care what the headmaster sai

3、d. 6) Please tell me when he came back from the south. 7) Will you tell me how I can keep fit and healthy? 8) He asked whose book it belonged to.,精品课件,5,什么是宾语从句？ 2. 哪些词性后常接宾语从句？ 3. 引导宾语从句的连接词有哪些？,Questions,精品课件,6,1、 在复合句中充当宾语的句子叫 宾语从句。 2、宾语从句常放在及物动词和介 词之后。 3、宾语从句的语序-陈述语序 （主语+谓语）,精品课件,7,从属连词 that, wh

4、ether, if 连接代词 who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whatever等 连接副词 where, how, why, when等,4、连接词有：,精品课件,8,从属连词that引导的宾语从句,注1：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能 充当成分，在口语和非正式文体中常 省略。,我听说他一小时后回来。,I hear (that) he will be back in an hour.,是不是所有的that都能省略？,精品课件,9,从属连词that引导的宾语从句,注2：如果宾语从句太长，可以用it做形式宾语，将真正的宾语放于句末, 连接词t

5、hat不能省略。,精品课件,10,We think that middle school students master one foreign language possible . (改用形式宾语 it ) We have made that a foreign language is useful weapon in the struggle of life clear. (改用形式宾语 it ) 我认为学好英语是非常必要的。,consider, find, think, feel, make, believe 等动词常带宾语补足语, 用it做形式宾语 , 宾语从句放到宾补之后,精品课件

6、,11,有从属连词that引导的宾语从句,注3：当主句的谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect等引导否定含义的 宾从时，要把否定结构移到上述动 词上来。,我认为你是不对的。,I dont think you are right.,I dont believe they will come here.,精品课件,12,从属连词if, whether引导的宾语从句,注1：whether, if 有“是否”的含义，在从句 也不充当成分。,老师问我们是否准备好了期末考试。,The teacher asked us if / whether we are ready f

7、or the final examination.,I doubt whether he will be against the idea.,精品课件,13,I doubt if / whether he will pass the exam. I dont doubt that we will win the match. Do you doubt that he did it on his own?,doubt,肯定句中用 if / whether,否定句中用 that,疑定句中用 that,I doubt _he is telling the truth. We never doubt

8、_ the plan will be carried out . Does he doubt _ you are from Austria? Im doubtful _ he will agree to this.,if / whether,that,that,if / whether,精品课件,14,从属连词if, whether引导的宾语从句,精品课件,15,a. 引导宾语从句时whether与if可以互换: She asked me whether/if the teacher would leave.,e. 引导表语从句、同位语从句时只能用whether引导； The question

9、 was whether Tom has gone to Shanghai. The issue whether he will come tomorrow is under discussion.,d. 位于句首引导主语从句只能用whether； Whether they will come is unknown.,b. 作介词的宾语或同不定式连用时只能用whether； It all depends on whether they will help us. I dont know whether to go.,c. 和or (not)连在一起时只能用whether引导； The meal

10、 will be ready for her whether she comes or not.,精品课件,16,连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句,注：连接代词what, which, who等在从句中可 充当主语，表语，宾语等； 连接副词when, where, how等在从句中可 充当状语。,I didnt hear _he wanted me to do.,2. Ms Xiao asked who could answer the question.,3. He wants to know whom/who they are waiting for?,4. He asked me why

11、 I was late for class this morning?,5. He asked whose writing was the best in the class?,what,I didnt hear the news _he wanted me to know.,that/which,精品课件,17,1. He doesnt doubt _ she can pass the exam. 2. Could you do me a favor? -It depends _ it is. 3. We havent settled the question of _ it is nece

12、ssary for him to study abroad. 4. Do you know _ Tom is getting with his neighbors?,that how whether what,that,what,whether,how,精品课件,18,5、时态与语序：,精品课件,19,He asked,Why are you so happy ?,Why you were so happy ?,精品课件,20,Am I taller than you?,if/whether,He asked,He taller than them.,was,精品课件,21,宾语从句的时态与语

13、序,2)主句用现在时时,从句可根据需要选用各种时态,3)主句为过去时,从句用相对应的过去时态,I think that the Greens have left for Hawaii. I want to know if/whether he will go surfing this afternoon.,1）宾语从句的语序为陈述语序,May I ask what you are doing in this country and what your plans are?,精品课件,22,1. Tom said. He is reading a book. 2. Who bought the

14、pen? He wondered. 3. Where is the hospital? He told me. 4. He asks me. Are they playing a game? ,Tom said that he was reading a book.,He asks me if/whether they are playing a game.,He told me where the Hospital was.,He wondered who had bought the pen.,Yesterday Tom said that the earth goes round the

15、 sun.,注意：如从句表示客观真理,可用现在时,精品课件,23,The Predicative Clause 表语从句,精品课件,24,Her question was that she has no time to look after her daughter. 2. The question is whether the boy will turn up in time. 3. Tom is no longer what he used to be . 4. That is where I cant agree with you.,精品课件,25,Her question was th

16、at she has no time to look after her daughter. 2. The question is whether the boy will turn up in time. 3. Tom is no longer what he used to be . 4. That is where I cant agree with you.,精品课件,26,什么是表语从句？ 2. 引导表语从句的连接词有哪些？ 3. 哪些词性后常接表语从句？,Questions,精品课件,27,表语从句,从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后. 作用：对主语进行解释说明。,精品课

17、件,28,连接词：that / whether （ if 不引导表语从句，that不省) 连接代词：who / whom / whose / which / what (充当 主语, 宾语,定语, 表语，有自己的词义.) 连接副词：when / where / why / how / because(有词义，充当时间, 地点,方式,原因状语.),精品课件,29,1. that 仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用。 e.g. The chance is that one smoker in four will die from

18、 smoking. 2. whether 引导的表语从句 连接词whether起连接作用， 意为“是否、究竟、到底”（注意：if不能引导表语从句) 在句中也不作任何成分。 e.g. The question is whether that man will turn up in time,精品课件,30,3. where, when, why, how引导的表语从句 连接副词where, when, why, how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。 e.g. Thats where I cant agree with you. This is wh

19、y Sara was late for the meeting. This is how they overcome the difficulties. My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.,精品课件,31,注意下列表语从句中where, how, why 的译法,This is where Lu Xun once lived. That was how they won the match. This is why she got up so early this morning.,这就是鲁迅曾经住过的地方.,

20、他们就是这样赢得这场比赛的.,这就是她为什么今天早上起得这么早的原因.,我们就是这样克服困难的. 那就是他昨天缺席的原因. 这就是我们上星期碰头的地方.,This is / That was how we overcame the difficulties.,That is why he was absent yesterday.,This is where we met last Sunday.,This is where This is how This is why.,这就是的地方,这就是的方法,这就是的原因,精品课件,32,4. What who which 等引导的表语从句 连接代词

21、：who / whom / whose / which / what (充当 主语, 宾语,定语, 表语，有自己的词义.) e.g. Thats what he could do at the age of 6. Tom is whom you can turn to when you have trouble.,精品课件,33,1.I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finishes anything. 2011山东卷 A. thatB. whenC. whereD. why 2.Id like

22、to start my own business-thats _ Id do if I had the money (2011陕西卷）. why B. when C. which D. what 3. One reason for her preference for city life is_ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. （10上海36） A. that B. how C. what D. why,D,D,A,精品课件,34,4.I prefer shutting myself in and l

23、istening to music all day on Sundays. （10江苏35） Thats_I dont agree .You should have a more active life. A. where B. how C. when D. what 5. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own life. （10北京32） A. what B. that C. why D.

24、 whether,D,B,精品课件,35,1. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he could have expressed it differently.（2012北京） A. why B. how C. that D. whether 2. Scientists study _ human brains work to make computers. （2012四川） when B. how C. that D. whether 3. The shocking news made me realize _ terrib

25、le problems we would face. A. what B. how C. that D. why 4. The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _ others actually understand. (2011上海卷) A. why B. that C. which D. what,c,B,A,（2011北京卷),D,精品课件,36,5. Weve offered her the job, but I dont know_ shell accept it （201

26、1山东卷）. A. whereB. whatC. whetherD. which 6. His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _it is he is trying to express. (2011安徽卷) that B. how C. who D. what 7. Our teachers always tell us to believe in _ we do and who we are if we want to succeed. (2011四川卷) A. why B. how C. what D. wh

27、ich 8. Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _ to read first. （2011辽宁卷） A. what B. who C. how D. why,c,D,C,C,精品课件,37,9. It is not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life. （2011重庆卷） whoseB. whatC. whichD. that 10. We should respect food an

28、d think about the people who dont have _ we have here and treat food nicely. （2010福建35） that B. which C. what D. whether 11. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew _she was so angry. （2010湖南35） A. where B. whether C. that D. why 12. As a new graduate, he doesnt k

29、now_ it takes to start a business here. （2010天津14） A. howB. whatC. When D. which,B,C,B,D,精品课件,38,1.Please tell me you will go to the lecture tomorrow. 2. It all depends on the sky will clear up. 3. The question is the film is well worth seeing. 4. he will be well tomorrow I am not sure. 5. it is tru

30、e remains a problem.,关联词比较,whether / if,whether / if,whether,whether,whether,whether,精品课件,39,引导宾语从句时可互换. 位于介词后要用whether. 位于句首时要用whether. 引导表语从句, 主语从句, 同位语从句时,要用 whether.,精品课件,40,1. I think it is unnecessary for me to speak louder. 2. His mother is satisfied with he has done. 3. he was able to come m

31、ade us happy. 4. This is makes us interested. 5. The reason was Tod had never seen the million pound note before.,what / that,that,what,what,that,That,精品课件,41,精品课件,42,Correct the mistakes(改错),He asked me why was I late for school. Tom didnt know what he does yesterday. Li lei said the earth went aro

32、und the sun. He doesnt know that when he can come back. 5.Lily said she didnt know how much did the computer cost. 6.I dont know if he can help me or not.,精品课件,43,1. He asked me why was I late for school.,I was,注意语序。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。 即先主语后谓语,2. Tom didnt know what he does yesterday.,did,3. Li lei said

33、 the earth went around the sun.,goes,客观事实或真理用一般现在时,精品课件,44,4. He doesnt know that when he can come back.,5.Lily said she didnt know how much did the computer cost.,6.I dont know if he can help me or not.,去掉that,宾语从句中不能同时用两个连接词,去掉did,宾语从句应用陈述语序,whether,whetheror not和whether or not,精品课件,45,经典试题,1.We c

34、annot figure out_ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out. A. that B. as C. why D. when 2.A modern city has been set up in_ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. where 3.Parents are taught to understand_important education is to their childrens future. A. tha

35、t B. how C. such D. so 4.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. how,C,A,B,B,精品课件,46,5.I think Father would like to know_ Ive been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note. A. which B. why C. what D. how 6.The road is covered with

36、snow. I cant understand_ they insist on going by motorbike. A.why B.whether C.when D.how 7.-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats_. A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited 8.People have heard what the President h

37、as said; they are waiting to see_ he will do. A. how B. that C. when D. what,C,A,A,D,精品课件,47,9.-I think its going to be a big problem. -Yes, it could be. -I wonder _ we can do about it. A. if B. how C. what D. that 10.Perseverance is a kind of quality-and thats _ it takes to do anything well. A. wha

38、t B. that C. which D. why 11.I really dont know _ I had this photo taken . A. where it was that B. it was that C. where it was D. it was why,b,A,A,精品课件,48,12.Never take _for granted that I will help you. Better depend on yourself. A. that B. it C. which D. this 13.It looks _he is unhappy today. A. t

39、hat B. if C. as if D. whether 14.These wild flowers are so special I would do_ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever 15.The old woman was shocked by _ had happened to her daughter. A. whom B. which C. that D. what,B,C,A,D,精品课件,49,单项选择 16.I dont know_ we can live on the island

40、 without any food. A.where B what C how D that 17.Could you tell me _? A Where is the part ? B Whos on duty ? C Whose book is this ? D What are they doing ? 18. The teacher told us that the earth _around the sun. A moved B moves C move D moving 19.Could you tell me _? A if he would come tomorrow B w

41、ill he come tomorrow C whether he will come tomorrow D If he comes tomorrow 20.I did nt know that Mr. Smith _yet. has returned B has returned C had returned D returned,B,B,C,C,C,精品课件,50,1.We wonder how we shall do next. 2.Could you tell me where are they having a picnic? 3. We believe that they have

42、 finished their task, dont we ? 4.I am sorry that I dont know you want to take part in the competition. 5.Mr. Li seems that he is very expert at repairing at computers.,what,havent they,didnt,they are,as if,精品课件,51,who / whoever,1.The competition is coming. will attend the meeting hasnt been decided

43、 yet. 2. I believe takes part in the competition will try his best. what / whatever 3. Can you tell me you d like to order? happens, dont be surprised. All the food here is delicious. Just order you like.,Who,whoever,what,Whatever,Whatever,精品课件,52,精品课件,53,经典试题,1.We cannot figure out_ quite a number

44、of insects, birds, and animals are dying out. A. that B. as C. why D. when 2.A modern city has been set up in_ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. where 3.Parents are taught to understand_important education is to their childrens future. A. that B. how C. such D. so 4.You are

45、saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. how,C,A,B,B,精品课件,54,5.I think Father would like to know_ Ive been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note. A. which B. why C. what D. how 6.The road is covered with snow. I cant understand_ they ins

46、ist on going by motorbike. A. why B. whether C. when D. how 7.-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats_. A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited 8.People have heard what the President has said; they are waiting to

47、see_ he will do. A. how B. that C. when D. what,C,A,A,D,精品课件,55,9.-I think its going to be a big problem. -Yes, it could be. -I wonder _ we can do about it. A. if B. how C. what D. that 10.Perseverance is a kind of quality-and thats _ it takes to do anything well. A. what B. that C. which D. why 11.

48、I really dont know _ I had this photo taken . A. where it was that B. it was that C. where it was D. it was why,C,A,A,精品课件,56,12.Never take _for granted that I will help you. Better depend on yourself. A. that B. it C. which D. this 13.It looks _he is unhappy today. A. that B. if C. as if D. whether

49、 14.These wild flowers are so special I would do_ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever 15.The old woman was shocked by _ had happened to her daughter. A. whom B. which C. that D. what,B,C,A,D,精品课件,57,1.Go and get your coat.Its_you left it. A.there B.where C.there were D.wher

50、e there 2.The problem is_ he has enough time. A.if B.whether C./ D.that 3.He made a promise_ he would help me. A.what B.when C.that D.which 4.I remember_ this used to be a quiet village. A.how B.when C.where D.what 5.It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she wants. A.however B.wha

51、tever C.whichever D.wherever,精品课件,58,6.What the doctor really doubt is _my mother will recover from The serious disease soon. A.when B.how C.whether D.why 7.Go ang get your coat.Its_you left it. A.there B.where C.there where D.where there 8. -I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -Is that _

52、you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where 9.Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything well. A. what B. that C. which D. why 10.-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats_. A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about. C. how

53、I feel about it D. when I feel excited,精品课件,59,单句改错 1.We wonder how we shall do next. 2.Could you tell me where are they having a picnic? 3.I am sorry that I dont know you want to take part in the competition. 4.Mr li seems that he is very expert at repairing at computers.,what,_,_,they are,_,didnt,

54、_,as if,精品课件,60,试题集锦 1.I ask her _ come with me. A. if she will B. if will she C. whether will she D. will she 2._ he said is true. A. What B. That C. Which D. Whether 3.Can you tell me _? A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who C. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman 4.He didnt

55、 know which room _. A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in 5.To get the job started, _ I need is some money. A. only what B. all what C. all that D. only that 6.I have no idea _ far the railway station is from here. A. what B. how C. its D. that,精品课件,61,7.Can you tell me

56、 _ the railway station? A. how I can get to B. what can I get to C. where I can got to D. where can I get to 8.Do you know _? A. what is his name B. how is his name C. what his name is D. how his name is 9._ you have done might do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This 10.They have n

57、o idea at all _. A. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone 11.They want to know _ do to help us. A. what can they B. what they can C. how they can D. how can they 12.These photographs will show you _. A. what our village looks like B. what does our villa

58、ge look like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like,精品课件,62,13.Can you make sure _ the gold ring? A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put 14.No one can be sure _ in a million years. A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like D. what look man like 15._ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A. Whenever B. If C. Wh