考研英语完形临场救命技巧

1、考研英语完形临场救命技巧,一、完形填空的灵魂原则 完形填空考取3分左右的技巧 英语（一）历年完形填空真题答案 答案年份 1-5 6-10 11-15 16-20 2001 DADBA CDBBA BCBAC ADCDC 2002 ADCBB ADDCB DAACB DACBC 2003 ABCDC BDCAD ADBDC DBACA 2004 CDADA BCDAB ACDBA BBDAC,2005 CBACB ADADB CADCD BCDAB 2006 ABDAD CBCAA CBDCC ABCAD 2007 BDACC DBABC ADACB DCABD 2008 BDACC ABDBC

2、 BDACD DCABA 2009 BADBC ADCBD DBCDA CBAAC 2010 ABCBC BDACD CAADB ADCBD 2011 CDBBA BADCA BCDCB DADAC,2012 BABDC BDBAB ACCDA CACDD 2013 ADCAB BADDA DCBDB CACBC 2014 ABDBA ACBDC DABAD BDCCB 历年完形填空真题选项个数分析 年份个数 A B C D 2001 5 5 5 5 2002 5 5 5 5 2003 5 4 5 6,2004 6 5 4 5 2005 5 5 5 5 2006 6 4 6 4 2007 5

3、5 5 5 2008 5 5 5 5 2009 5 5 5 5 2010 5 5 5 5 2011 5 5 5 5,2012 5 5 5 5 2013 5 5 5 5 2014 5 5 5 5 英语（二）历年完形填空真题答案 答案年份 1-5 6-10 11-15 16-20 2010 ABCBC BDACD CAADB ADCBD 2011 ACBDD BACCA DBACA CDACD,2012 BBAAC DCACB DBCDD ACBBD 2013 ADBDC BBDBA ADCCC CABAD 2014 BACAD ACCDB ABCDC DADCB 历年完形填空真题选项个数分析 年

4、份个数 A B C D 2010 5 5 5 5 2012 5 5 5 5 2013 5 5 5 5 2014 5 5 5 5,二、完形填空解题步骤 1.利用“红花绿叶”原则 红花词 (往往入选的词)：however，although，yet，because，while，available,availability 做好的方法是：先选择再检查。,大纲样题 During the 1980s, unemployment and underemployment in some countries was as high as 90 per cent. Some countries did not 3

5、1 enough food; basic needs in housing and clothing were not 32 . Many of these countries looked to the industrial processes of the developed nations 33 solutions.,34 , problems cannot always be solved by copying the industrialized nations. Industry in the developed nations is highly automated and ve

6、ry 35 . It provides fewer jobs than labor-intensive industrial processes, and highly 36 workers are needed to 37 and repair the equipment. These workers must be trained, 38 many nations do not have the necessary training institutions. Thus, the 39 of importing,industry becomes higher. Students must

7、be sent abroad to 40 vocational and professional training. 41 , just to begin training, the students must 42 learn English, French, German, or Japanese. The students then spend many years abroad, and 43 do not return home. All nations agree that science and technology 44 be shared. The point is:,cou

8、ntries 45 the industrial processes of the developed nations need to look carefully 46 the costs, because many of these costs are 47 . Students from these nations should 48 the problems of the industrialized countries closely. 49 care, they will take home not the problems of science and technology, 5

9、0 the benefits.,31. A) generate B) raise C) produce D) manufacture 32. A) answered B) met C) calculated D) remembered 33. A) for B) without C) asD) about 34. A) Moreover B) Therefore C) AnywayD) However 35. A) expensiveB) mechanical C) flourishingD) complicated,36. A) giftedB) skilled C) trained D)

10、versatile 37. A) keepB) maintain C) retain D) protect 38. A) sinceB) so C) andD) yet 39. A) chargeB) price C) cost D) value 40. A) accept B) gain C) receive D) absorb,41. A) Frequently B) incidentally C) DeliberatelyD)Eventually 42. A) soon B) quickly C) immediately D) first 43. A) some B) others C)

11、 severalD) few 44. A) mightB) should C) wouldD) will 45. A) adopting B) conducting,C) receiving D) adjusting 46. A) to B) atC)onD) about 47. A) opaqueB) secret C)sealed D) hidden 48. A) tackle B) learnC) studyD) manipulate 49. A) InB) Through C) WithD) Under 50. A) except B) nor C) or D) but,准红花 aff

12、ect,for example,such as,something以及some的合成词，turn out，tend，against，raise，maintain，as 绿叶词 since，if only，unless，lest=for fear that=in case that，only，about,2.逻辑关系题 通过前后句的意思确定真确答案 定义 通过前后句的意思及其内在关系，判定答案的题目。(本质上是阅读题) 类型 选项是连词以及部分介词、副词、动词。 逻辑关系题先做的理由: a. 选项都认识b. 范围确定c. 往往不用通读全文，只需要通读前后句,近年考研完形填空考查的逻辑关系词统计

13、转折however ，yet，nevertheless，instead，though ,in fact ,but , against, instead of,instead ,rather than,ignoring, on the contrary, by contrast, 让步 even if ,although ,while, even through, much as, as, whereas,for all 因果 because ,as,since,for,in that,now that,because of,as a consequence of;so,so that,such

14、 that,hence,therefore,thus,consequently,对比 whereas ，while 并列关系and，or, similarly ，on one side.on the other side., equally, meanwhile, while, similarly, at the same time, on one hand.on the other hand., one.another., for one thing.for another., one.the other.another., some.others.still others., the fo

15、rmer.the latter., say.add.，not onlybut also，eitheror,neithernor等。,递进 indeed ，furthermore，even，above all，still，also，moreover 举例for example (2013,4; 2010,15); for instance(2009,14); such as(2005,20) 总结so far (2009,20) 条件 when (2012,2；2014，1); if (2013,7；2014，,3.尽量做对“单句单题” 1.“单句单题”往往是指文章中一个句子只出一道题的情况，这

16、种题目相对来说比较简单。 2. 在大部分情况下，“单句单题”的答案往往与前后句的意思或者全文的中心思想关系不大。,As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly cant remember 1 we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintances name, or the name of an old ban

17、d we used to love. As the brain 2 , we refer to these occurrences as senior moments. 3 seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n) 4 impact on our professional, social, and personal 5 .,1.AwhereBwhenCthatDwhy 2.AimprovesBfadesCrecoversDcollapses 3.AIfBUnlessCOnceDWhile 4.

18、AunevenBlimitedCdamagingDobscure 5.AwellbeingBenvironmentCrelationship Doutlook 6.AturnsBfindsCpointsDfigures 7.AroundaboutsBresponsesCworkoutsDassociations 8.AgenreBfunctionsCcircumstancesDcriterion,9.AchannelBconditionCsequenceDprocess 10.ApersistBbelieveCexcelDfeature 11.AThereforeBMoreoverCOther

19、wiseDHowever 12.Aaccording toBregardless ofCapart from Dinstead of 13.AbackBfurtherCasideDaround 14.AsharpnessBstabilityCframeworkDflexibility 15.AforcesBremindsChurriesDallows,16.AholdBtrackCorderDpace 17.A toBwithCforDon 18.AirregularlyBhabituallyCconstantly Dunusually 19.AcarryBputCbuildDtake 20.

20、AriskyBeffectiveCidleDfamiliar,考研英语新题型最后充分必须知道的救命词 主讲老师：李玉技 新浪微博李玉技老师,段落句子填空题与排序题 一、 段落句子填空题与排序题的解题步骤 1.段落句子填空题阅读选项以及空前空后的17个地方，排序题阅读每个选项的段首与段尾句的14个地方，寻找简答题的线索词。包括代词、并列递进词、转折让步词、数字、引号、专有名词、冠词以及其它常见名词、动词、形容词等。 2.通读复现词的关键句以及前后句，确定答案是否正确。,3.通读全文，检查答案是否合理。 二、 段落句子填空题与排序题的注意事项以及解题技巧 1.最长的选项入选的可能性较大。 2.转折

21、让步命题原则 but ,however,yet,nevertheless,although 含有转折让步词的选项容易成为正确答案 文章中含有转折让步词的句子容易成为答案所在句,3. 利用指示代词做题 this、that、these、those和such等。 以2012年真题为例：,Humans are unique in their capacity to not only make tools but then turn around and use them to create superfluous material goodspaintings, sculpture and archi

22、tectureand superfluous experiencesmusic, literature, religion and philosophy. (43)_ . AOf course, it is precisely these superfluous things that define human culture and ultimately what it is to be human. oneself of a defining constituent of humanity.,Even after the advent of widespread social media,

23、 a pyramid of production remains, with a small number of people uploading material, a slightly larger group commenting on or modifying that content, and a huge percentage remaining content to just consume. (44)_ . - .,F One reason for the persistence of this pyramid of production is that for the pas

24、t half century, much of the worlds media culture has been defined by a single mediumtelevisionand television is defined by downloading.,The second half of the 20th century saw a collection of geniuses, warriors, entrepreneurs and visionaries labour to create a fabulous machine that could function as

25、 a typewriter and printing press, studio and theatre, paintbrush and gallery, piano and radio, the mail as well as the mail carrier. (41)_,C Not only did they develop such a device but by the turn of the millennium they had also managed to embed it in a worldwide system accessed by billions of peopl

26、e every day.,But for all the reasons there are to celebrate the computer, we must also tread with caution. (42)_. I call it a secret war for two reasons. D This is because the networked computer has sparked a secret war between downloading and uploadingbetween passive consumption and active creation

27、whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.,4.利用第三人称代词的主格、宾格和所有格做题 he(him/his）或she(her/her) ，they(them/their),it(it/its),5.利用并列递进关系词解题 or, on one side.on the other side., equally, also, meanwhile, while, and, indeed, furthermore, moreover, still, similarly, a

28、t the same time, on one hand.on the other hand., one.another., for one thing.for another., one.the other.another., some.others.still others., the former.the latter., say.add.等。,A No disciplines have seized on professionalism with as much enthusiasm as the humanities.You can, Mr Menand points out, be

29、came a lawyer in three years and a medical doctor in four.But the regular time it takes to get a doctoral degree in the humanities is nine years.Not surprisingly, up to half of all doctoral students in English drop out before getting their degrees. B His concern is mainly with the humanities: Litera

30、ture, languages, philosophy and so on.These are,disciplines that are going out of style: 22% of American college graduates now major in business compared with only 2% in history and 4% in English.However, many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic c

31、anon of ideas that every educated person should possess.But most find it difficult to agree on what a “general education” should look like.At Harvard, Mr Menand notes, “the great books are read because they have been read”they form a sort of social glue.,C Equally unsurprisingly, only about half end

32、 up with professorships for which they entered graduate school.There are simply too few posts.This is partly because universities continue to produce ever more PhDs.But fewer students want to study humanities subjects: English departments awarded more bachelors degrees in 197071 than they did 20 yea

33、rs later.Fewer students requires fewer teachers.So, at the end of a decade of theseswriting, many humanities students leave the profession to do something for which,再以2005年真题为例： Directions: In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one fro

34、m the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on,44._. Premiers love to quote Mr. Romanows report selectively, especially the parts about more federal money. Perhaps they should read what he had to say abou

35、t drugs: “A national drug agency would provide governments more influence on pharmaceutical companies in order to constrain the ever-increasing cost of drugs.”,45._. So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint list, they should also get cracking about something in

36、their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients. A Quebecs resistance to a national agency is provincialist ideology. One of the first advocates for a national list was a researcher at Laval University. Quebecs Drug Insurance Fund has seen its costs skyrocket with annual increases from

37、 14.3 percent to 26.8 per cent!,B Or they could read Mr. Kirbys report: “The substantial buying power of such an agency would strengthen the public prescriptiondrug insurance plans to negotiate the lowest possible purchase prices from drug companies.” C What does “national” mean? Roy Romanow and Sen

38、ator Michael Kirby recommended a federal-provincial body much like the recently created National Health Council.,6.利用引号做题 注意带引号的单词、短语或句子处的前后文衔接 以2005年真题为例： 紧接42题的段落第一句说：But “national” doesnt have to mean that.由此可知，42题所选段落应提到了“national”，并给出了“national”的定义。各选项中只有选项C提到了“national”所以42题选C。,如果整篇文章都是用第二或第三人

39、称来叙述，而选项中确出现了表第一人称的人称代词I或we，则表明该选项往往放在文章中的直接引语内。 例如： A University of Nebraska professor has developed robotic cones and barrels. 41._They can even be programmed to move on their own at any particular part of the day, said Shane Farritor, an assistant professor of mechanical engineering at Nebraska.,

40、For example, if workers arrived at 6 a.m., the cones could move from the side of the highway to block off the lane at that time. 42._“It just seems like a very good application for robots,” Farritor said. “The robotic cones would also help remove people from hazardous jobs on the highway putting bar

41、rels and cones into place,” Farritor said in a report on his creation. 43. _ This fund allowed Farritor to work on the project with graduate students at Nebraska and his assistant Steve Goddard.,The robots are placed at the bottom of the cones and barrels and are small enough not to greatly change t

42、he appearance of the construction aides. “It would look exactly the same,” Farritor said. “Normally theres a kind of rubbery, black base to them. 44._” Farritor has talked with officials from the Nebraska Department of Roads about how the robots would be most useful to what they might need.,The robo

43、ts could come in handy following a slow-moving maintenance operation, like painting a stripe on a road or moving asphalt, where now the barrels have to be picked up and moved as the operation proceeds. “That way you dont have to block off a 10-mile strip for the operation.” Farritor said. While prot

44、otypes have been made, they are not in use anywhere. Farritor said he has applied for a patent and is considering what to do next. 45._He is also thinking about marketing the robots to roads,departments and others across the country who may benefit from them. A And they can return to the original pl

45、ace at the end of the day. B He is thinking about starting a small business. C Farritor was “Inventor of the Year” in 2003. D Work on the idea began in 2002 using a National Academy of Sciences grant. E We replace that with a robot.,F These robotic cones and barrels can move out of the way, or into

46、place, from computer commands made miles away. G They make those orange cones and help upgrade water infrastructure.,题目若设置在直接引语中，其答案选项中的文字不应有双引号。 如果原文某段的直接引语句以逗号结尾,表明说话的人还没有把话说完, 题目若紧随其后,答案也应是带双引号的直接引语句。,例如： An earth scientist has reigned the periodic table to make chemistry simpler to teach to stud

47、ents. 41._But Bruce Railsback from the University of Georgia says he is the first to create a table that breaks with tradition and shows the ions of each element rather than just the elements themselves. “I got tired of breaking my arms trying to explain the periodic table to earth students,” he say

48、s, criss-crossing his hands in the air and pointing to different bits of a traditional table. 42._But he has added contour lines to charge,density, helping to explain which ions react with which. “Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of whats going on with the elements,” says Albert Galy from th

49、e University of Cambridge.43. _ 44._He explains that sulphur, for example, shows up in three different spotsone for sulphide, which is found in minerals, one for sulphite, and one for sulphate, which is found in sea slat, for instance. He has also included symbols to show which ions are nutrients, a

50、nd which are common in soil or water. 45._,A There have been many attempts to redesign the periodic table since Dmitri Mendeleev drew it up in 1871. B Railsback has still ordered the elements according to the number of protons they have. C “I imagine this would be good for undergraduates.” D Raisbac

51、k has listed some elements more than once.,E And the size of elements symbol reflects how much of it is found in the Earths crust. F The traditional periodic table was well drawn.,7.利用数字做题 相同性质的数字本身可以排大小或先后 我们以2006年的试题为例： Directions: In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Quest

52、ions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on,ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) On the north bank of the Ohio river sits Evansville, Ind., home of David Williams, 52

53、, and of a riverboat casino (a place where gambling games are played). During several years of gambling in that casino, Williams, a state auditor earning $35,000 a year, lost approximately $175,000. He had never gambled before the casino sent him a coupon for $20 worth of gambling.,He visited the ca

54、sino, lost the $20 and left. On his second visit he lost $800. The casino issued to him, as a good customer, a “Fun Card”, which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks, and enables the casino to track the users gambling activities. For Williams, these activities became what he cal

55、ls “electronic heroin.”,(41)_. In 1997 he lost $21,000 to one slot machine in two days. In March 1997 he lost $72,186. He sometimes played two slot machines at a time, all night, until the boat docked at 5 a.m., then went back aboard when the casino opened at 9 a.m. Now he is suing the casino, charg

56、ing that it should have refused his patronage because it knew he was addicted. It did know he had a problem.,In March 1998 a friend of Williamss got him involuntarily confined to a treatment center for addictions, and wrote to inform the casino of Williams gambling problem. The casino included a pho

57、to of Williams among those of banned gamblers, and wrote to him a “cease admissions” letter. Noting the “medical/psychological” nature of problem gambling behavior, the letter said that before being readmitted to the casino he would have to present,medical/psychological information demonstrating tha

58、t patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or well-being. (42)_. The Wall Street Journal reports that the casino has 24 signs warning: “Enjoy the fun.and always bet with your head, not over it.” Every entrance ticket lists a toll-free number for counseling from the Indiana Departmen

59、t of Mental Health. Nevertheless, Williams suit charges that the casino, knowing he was “helplessly addicted to,gambling”, intentionally worked to “lure” him to “engage in conduct against his will.” Well. (43)_. The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders says “pathological gambling” involve