第五讲课部分课件

1、An Introduction to Translation between English and Chinese,第五次课,1. A (SL / OL) B(RL /TL) (Analysis- (Restructuring) Deconstructuring: Grammatical relationships; Meaning of the words and combinations of words.) X (Transfer) Y,I. Unit 6 Translation Theories,Content (the conceptual intent of the messag

2、e + connotative values) Form (the external shape) Nida: We preserve the form when we can, but more often the form has to be transformed precisely in order to preserve the content. An excessive effort to preserve the form inevitably results in a serious loss or distortion of the message. P125 Under n

3、o circumstances should the _ be given priority over the _ of the message. P129,2. Semantic adjustment made in transfer Semantic relationships: Equivalence / correspondence语义对应 Inclusion语义含盖 Intersection语义交叉（双语多义词） Substitution语义替代（放弃表面对应） Conflict / exclusion / absence语义冲突/空缺,drag ones leg与某人开玩笑 man

4、liness 男子气 brother 哥哥、弟弟 小舅子wifes brother / brother-in-law 叩头kowtow 飞吻blow / throw a kiss 粮食 food （coupon）cereals，（army）provisions，grain output cousin 堂兄弟/姐妹，表兄弟/姐妹 lazy Susan 餐桌上的旋转餐盘 盘香incense coil sofa 沙发 green 绿 红包money gift in a red envelop,Equivalence / correspondence语义对应 Inclusion语义含盖 Interse

5、ction语义交叉（双语多义词） Substitution语义替代（放弃表面对应） Conflict / exclusion / absence语义冲突/空缺,II. Focuses of and Extensions to Unit 6Any responses and questions,1. Languages differ: Passive voice P129 Four situations when passive voice is used in English: P130 -When the agent is not known or is not necessary to k

6、now -When emphasis is on the action or the object rather than on the agent -When the speaker is not willing to reveal the agent -When use of passive constructions can help link the sentence with its context,可以翻译成英语被动句的汉语句子包括（反之亦然）： -有标志的汉语被动句：“受、挨、遭、遭受、被、得到、给、叫、让、由、为所、加以、予以、等等” -无标志的汉语被动句：形式主动，意义被动

7、-部分无主句可以翻译成英语被动句 -一些习惯用语可以翻译成英语被动句或It句型：“有人、人们、大家”作主语；“据说、据报道、据推测、据估计、据信、可以肯定、必须指出、有人主张、众所周知等等,他粗心大意，应当受到批评。 He should be criticized for his carelessness. 这个问题必须在适当的时候予以处理。 The problem must be dealt with at an appropriate time. 代表将由民主协商选举产生。 The representatives will be elected after democratic consu

8、ltation. 艾滋病病毒只能通过血液或其他体液传播。 The AIDS virus is only transmitted by blood and other body fluids. 血债要用血来还。 Blood debts will have to be paid in blood. 到现在为止还没有得出结论。 So far no conclusion has been arrived at. 为这事已经拨了大笔款项。 A large sum of money has been put aside for that purpose. 可以有把握地说，会议会如期举行。 It may b

9、e safely said that the meeting will be held on schedule. 人们发现橡胶是很好的绝缘体。 Rubber is found to be a good insulating material. 据说人在弥留之际都要回顾他的一生，就像看一部电影，一切都历历在目。 It is said a dying person tends to recollect his whole life, like seeing a film,II. Focuses of and Extensions to Unit 6,2. Translation Skill I:

10、Leaving out unnecessary words P134 (Activity 3 Task 1-3) 英译汉时，删去一些在原文中仅仅为了语法需要而存在，在译文中则可有可无、有了反嫌累赘或违背译语习惯表达法的词语，译文会更简洁明确，文气更自然流畅。 绝不是随意删改原文的内容，更不是随便删译原文中难懂的字句。 To convey the original message as naturally as possible and as completely as possible. P138 -省略代词（人称代词、关系代词） -省略冠词 -省略介词 -省略连词 -省略系动词 -省略非人称

11、的it和强调句中的it -根据英汉语言各自的表达习惯，在译文中可以删略一些重复出现或可有可无的词语（同义近义词等,On Sundays we have no school. 礼拜天我们不上学。（介词） It is thirty cubic meters in volume. 体积是30立方米。（代词it） Semiconductor devices are small and light. 半导体装置体积小、重量轻。（系动词、连词） The use of silver as a conductor is very limited because of its cost. 由于成本高，用银作导体

12、非常有限。（冠词、代词） Many facts have proved that a just cause enjoys abundant support while an unjust cause finds little support. 许多事例已证明：得道多助，失道寡助。（冠词、连词） Lets wait and see. 让我们等着瞧吧。（连词） 发展为了人民，发展依靠人民，发展成果有人民共享。 Development is for the people, by the people and with the people sharing in its fruits. 质子带正电，电

13、子到负电，而中子既不带正电也不带负电。 A proton has a positive charge and an electron a negative charge, but a neutron has neither,月光族， 啃老族， 愤青， find a sugar daddy， do marathon talks on the phone， trendsetter， human flesh search， card slave， diamond bachelor， photogenic,Homework 4,Moonlite clan, NEET, young cynics, 傍大

14、款， 煲电话粥， 弄潮儿， 人肉搜索， 卡奴， 钻石王老五， 上镜的,歌词翻译,说句心里话 我也想家 家中的老妈妈已是满头白发 说句实在话我也有爱 常思念梦中的她 来来来既然来当兵 来来来就知责任大 你不扛枪我不杠枪 谁保卫咱妈妈 谁来保卫她 谁来保卫她,believe me, I miss you, my home. my mom has gray hair. believe me, I am in love. I miss you, my love. Join the army, shoulder the duty. Should nobody defend our motherland,

15、 who would protect our moms who would protect our love who would protect them,To tell the truth,I miss my family, too .My mom in the hometown is gray-headed.To tell the truth, I have my love, too.I always dream of her.Oh since you have joined the army, Oh you should know the heavy duty .If no one joins the army,Who will protect our mother,Who will protect her,I miss my hometown, Just like whats in your deep heart. Endless waiting days have silvered the hair of my old mum. Tel