车辆工程专业英语复习资料

1、.专业英语单词1. 3-way catalyst 三元催化转化剂2. alternator 交流发电机3. Anti-lock brake system防抱死系统4. artic HGV=articulated HGV铰接式重型载货汽车5. articulated vehicle 铰接式车辆6. assembly 总成7. at right angle 成直角8. automatic transmission 9. bearing 轴承10. bevel gear 锥齿轮11. bonnet 发动机盖12. bottom dead centre 下止点13. brake shoe 制动蹄14.

2、 bruise 撞伤，擦伤15. bulge 凸出，隆起16. bumper 保险杠17. caliper 制动钳18. camber 弯度，车轮外倾19. camshaft 凸轮轴20. canister 碳罐21. capacitor 电容器22. carbon monoxide 一氧化碳23. cargo 货物24. carriageway 车行道25. caster 主销后倾26. centrifugal 离心力27. charge 充电28. chassis 底盘29. clutch 离合器30. commercial vehicle 商用车辆31. conductor 导体32.

3、console 托架33. coolant 冷却剂34. countershaft 中间轴35. crankshaft 曲轴36. crossply tyre 斜交轮胎37. cross-sectional 截面的，断面的38. curvature 弯曲，弧度39. cylinder 气缸，柱体40. dial 刻度盘41. diaphragm 膜片42. differential 差速器43. dioxide 二氧化物44. disc brake 盘式制动器45. disc 圆盘46. discharge 放电47. DoT=Department of Transportation运输部门4

4、8. drawbar 牵引杆49. driven member 从动件50. driving member 主动件51. driving wheel 驱动车轮52. drum brake 鼓式制动器53. drum 鼓，圆筒54. dummy 模型，假人55. dump truck 自卸载货汽车56. dynamometer 测功机57. electron 电子58. engine 发动机59. executive 经理60. exhaust valve 排气阀61. final drive 主传动，主减速器62. flexible joint 万向节63. fracture 折断，骨折64.

5、 gear sector 齿扇65. Hall effect 霍尔效应66. handbrake 手制动67. helmet 头盔，安全帽68. HGV=Heavy Goods Vehicle重型载货汽车69. horn 喇叭70. hydraulic system 液压系统71. hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物72. hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物73. ignition coil 点火线圈74. inflate 膨胀，加压75. injector 喷油器76. inlet valve 进气阀77. input shaft 输入轴78. instrument panel 仪表盘79.

6、 intersection 交叉口80. inversely proportional to与成反比81. king pin 主销82. lacerationn 划破，撕裂83. LCV=Light Commercial Vehicle轻型商用车辆84. LGV=Light Goods Vehicle轻型载货汽车85. logistics 后勤学，物流86. lubricant 润滑剂87. manifold 歧管，支管88. master cylinder 主缸89. metro 地下铁道90. monoxide 一氧化物91. moped 机动自行车92. mpg=miles per ga

7、llon 英里/加仑93. mph=miles per hour 英里/小时94. neutral steer 中性转向95. nose-to-tail collision 头尾相撞96. occupant 占有者，乘员97. off-centre 偏心的，不平衡的98. oil filter 机油滤清器99. oil pump 机油泵100. output shaft 输出轴101. oversteer 过度转向102. overtake 超车103. overturn 翻车104. oxide 氧化物105. oxides of nitrogen 氮氧化物106. pattern trea

8、d 花纹胎面107. pessess 具有，拥有108. piston 活塞109. planet gear 行星齿轮110. pneumatic 气动的111. pollision 碰撞，冲突112. power steering 动力转向113. pressure plate 压盘114. propellor shaft 传动轴115. PSV=Passenger Single Vehicle单体式客运车辆116. radial tyre 子午线轮胎117. rake pad 制动片118. recharge 再充电119. refrigerate 制冷120. resurgence 苏醒

9、，复活121. ring gear 齿圈122. rocker 摇臂123. roller brake testes 滚筒制动试验台124. rotor转子125. shock absorber 减震器 126. shoulder 路肩127. sill 底梁128. slave cylinder 辅助缸129. smooth tread 无纹胎面130. spark plug 火花塞131. speedometer 速度计，里程计132. sprain 扭伤133. starter 起动机134. stator 定子135. steering arm 转向臂，梯形臂136. steering

10、 assembly 转向总成137. steering axis inclination 主销内倾138. steering column 转向柱139. steering knuckle 转向节140. steering pump转向泵141. steering wheel 转向盘142. sulphide 硫化物143. sun gear 太阳轮144. suspension 悬架145. tachograph 转速表146. tanker 油罐汽车147. the moment of inertia 转动惯量148. the three way catalytic converter 三

11、元催化转化器149. thermostat 恒温器，节温器150. throttle 节流阀151. tie rod 横拉杆152. toe-in 前束153. tolerance 公差154. top dead centre 上止点155. torque converter 变矩器156. torque convertor 变矩器157. torque 转矩，扭矩158. tractor 拖拉机，牵引车159. trailer 挂车，拖车160. transmission 传动系161. truck deck 行李舱盖162. turbine 涡轮（机）163. twin wheel 双轮胎

12、164. understeer 不足转向165. universal joint 万向节166. vechicle dismantling 车辆分解167. vehicle tracking system车辆跟踪系统168. washer 洗涤器169. windscreen 风窗玻璃170. wiper 刮水器171. wormwheel蜗轮自动变速器.专业英语句子翻译1. Each wheel has a brake assembly, of either the drum type or the disc type, hydraulically operated when the dri

13、ver applies the foot brake pedal.每个车轮具有一个鼓式或盘式制动总成，当驾驶员踩脚制动踏板时，靠液力产生制动。2. Flexible joints allow the rear axle and wheels to move up and down without affecting operation.万向节使得后桥和驱动轮上下移动而不影响操作。3. It is essentially a double-hinged joint through which the driving shaft can transmit power to the driven s

14、haft, even though the two shafts are somewhat out of line with each other.它实质上是一个双铰链连接，驱动轴能通过它把动力传给被动轴，尽管这两根轴并不完全在一条直线上。4. Power is transferred from the engine to the transmission, where it is routed through different gear ratios to obtain the best speed and power to start and keep the vehicle movin

15、g.动力通过发动机传到传动系，通过它发送不同的齿轮比来获得最好的速度和动力是汽车起步和保持车辆行驶。5. The engine crankshaft being arranged at right angles to the rear axle. It follows that at the back axle some form of gearing must be provided to transmit the power to each of the rear wheels, and at right angles tode propeller shaft.发动机曲轴与后轴成直角，因此

16、必须在后轴上安装某种类型的齿轮装置，以便把动力传递到其轴线与传动轴成直角的每个后轮上。6. The main purpose of the gearbox is to provide a selection of gear ratios between the engine and driving wheels, so that the vehicle can operate satisfactorily under all driving conditions.变速器或变矩器的主要作用是在发动机与驱动轮间具有一个可选择的齿轮比，以便车辆可以在各种运行工况下满意地工作。专业英语段落翻译1. A

17、 quality system is one where problems, queries, faults, and anything which could give rise to customer dissatisfaction or complaint ,are identified and eliminated.质量系统是发现和消除问题，质询，缺陷和任何引起顾客不满或抱怨的事情的系统。2. A combination of walking , cycling and public transport . on private cars , and it is less harmfu

18、l for the human and natural envinnment.结合步行，骑自行车和公共交通，但是，可以创建一个运输系统和基于私人汽车的系统竞争是对人类的自然环境危害较小的3. Although not in general used for compiling national statstics, an alternative scale for classifying injury is used for research purpose ,in which injuries are usually divided into seven levels.另一个伤害分类方法尽管

19、一般不用作汇编国内统计资料，但被用于研究目的，该方法把伤害划分为7个等级。4. Basically,an isolated car cruising down a quiet country lane is almost harmless,The problem is millions of cars on city streets and thoroughfares the whole world over.基本上，一个单独的汽车在一条香脆线路上行驶是没什么危害的。问题是整个世界的在城市街道和大道上成千上万的汽车。5. Cars and other motor vehicles are co

20、nstructed from a complex mix of raw materials.Other meta metals are also important , but to differing degrees.汽车和其他机动车车辆是由一个复杂的混合型原料构成的。机动机是以大量的钢铁形式-它主要用于车身外壳，轮子，传动系统和部分的发动机。但是在不同程度上，其他金属也很重要。6. Electricity is the flow of electrons. They are forced to move by electrical pressureand by magnetic induc

21、tion in the alternator.电是电子的波动，电子在电压的作用下移动。电子流经贿赂的数量叫做安倍数。在汽车中，电压的产生是通过蓄电池里的化学作用和交流发电机里的磁感应。7. Every vehicle must have a parking brake system to prevent at least two wheels from turning when it is not being driven.每辆车必须具有停车制动系统，当不驱动时，至少防止两个车轮转动。8. Fuel consumption is substantially related to the typ

22、e of vehicle, its power unit and drive line, its mechanical condition, the use to which it is put and how it is driven.燃油消耗实际上与汽车类型，动力装置和传动系统，机械状况，用途和驾驶方法有关。9. In order to transmit the power of the engine to the road wheels of a motor car,a drivetrain is normally employed. Although the details of th

23、e drivetrains vary widely in different types of cars,the general principles are the same in all cases.为了将汽车的动力传递到轮胎上，通常会设置一个动力传动系统，即使传动系统在不同的车型上在细节方面有着广泛的不同，但是原理是基本相同的。10. It is clear that motor industry has a huge impact on the environment-not only . On the motor vehicle partly or wholly for their

24、existence很明显，汽车工业对环境有巨大的影响，不仅它本身通过其他产品和排放从自己工厂生产的废品，但由于工业依赖于部分或全部的机动车而存在。11. It is essential that vehicles arrive at the test of a vehicle can mean cancellation of the test and the fee will be forfetted unless an aueptable reason citing”exceptional circumstances” is put forward.至关重要的是，汽车在约定的时间到达测试站。

25、迟到或未到意味着取消检测，若不能提出在“例外情况”中列举的可接受的原因，则将被罚税。12. It is not possible to compare directly the amount of emissions put out by, . Ways and the results geven in different units.直接比较由一辆汽油一辆柴油公共汽车产生的排放量是不可能的，因为它们的发动机排放量的检测采用方法是不同的方法，试验结果所用单位也不同。13. It is that to allow the engine to continue running when the v

26、ehicle comes to a stop.当车辆停止时，允许引擎继续运行。14. It is this combimation of factors that has led to the resurgence of interest in Light Rail.正是许多因素的综合导致了轻轨行业的复活。15. Most goods vehicles are required to be tested annually .。 In particular, this annual inspection is intended to determine whether vehicles and

27、trailers meet the standards specified in the Road Vehicles(Construction and Use) Regulations 1986(as amended)大多数商品车辆每年需要进行测试，以确保它们在路上的操作是安全的和机械条件符合相关法律要求。特别是，这个年度检查是为了确定汽车和拖车是否符合指定的1986年在道路车辆法规的标准。16. Once a goods vehicle or trailer has been built and put into service, it is the operator as the vehi

28、cle user who must then ensure that it complies fully with the law regarding its construction and use when on the road.一旦一辆载货汽车或拖车被制造并投入使用，当其在道路上时，作为汽车使用者的驾驶人员必须确保其完全符合于结构和使用的法规。17. One example of the way that and locking the sun gear so that it cant move.使用该系统使用方法的一个例子是接合齿圈与发动机输入轴，结合行星支座与输出轴，并锁止太阳齿轮

29、使之不能转动。 18. Protective measures for car occupant are of two kinds:1.devices which restrain and control the movement of the occupants, bringing his body to rest by applying as little force as possible and preventing impacts with the interior of the car, and 2.alterations to the construction of the ca

30、r.对汽车乘员的保护措施有两类；1.通过施加尽可能小的作用力，限制和控制乘员的运动，从而防止其与汽车内部碰撞的装置；2.汽车结构上的改造。19. Stiff tyres at the front and soft ones at the rear or a center of gravity too far to the rear result in oversteer ,so that the rear tends to swing round in cornering, with possible instability in cornering or manoeuvring.刚性大的轮胎

31、装在前轮，刚性小的轮胎装在后轮，或重心离后轮太远导致过多转向，在转弯时后轮易于滑转，在转弯操作时可能失去稳定。20. Such legislation will provide a tremendous boost for alternative technologies , , of their internal combustion counterparts.这样的立法将提供一个代替技术的巨大推进，例如电动汽车，否则不会介绍了吗。然而，电动汽车不是灵丹妙药，因为它们的广泛使用将要求运输基础设施及安全法规的变更；并且，到目前为止，电动汽车还不具备有与之相对应的内燃机所具有的性能和品种21.

32、The brakes function by absorbing in friction the energy possessed by the moving car.In so doing they convert the energy into heat.制动器通过摩擦的形式吸收运动车辆所具有的能量而起作用，并把这些能量转化为热能。22. The braking system on a vehicle has three main functions. ; it must be able to stop the car in as short distance as possible; i

33、t must be able to hold the vehicle stationary. The braking action is achieved as a result of the friction developed by forcing a stationary surface into contact with a rotating surface.汽车的刹车系统主要有三个作用必要时，能够减速；能使汽车在尽可能短的距离停止；能够使汽车固定。刹车行为能够实现的原因是一个固定表面和它接触的滑动表面产生的摩擦力。23. The difference with a torque co

34、nverter is that instead of using air,it uses oil or trainsmission fluid,to be more precise.变矩器的不同在于，它采用机油或变速器油使之更为精确。24. The engine is a self-contained power unit which converts the heat energy of fuel into mechanical energy for moving the vehicle. 。 The burning of the fuel causes a rapid rise in cy

35、linder pressure which is converted to useful mechanical energy by the piston and crank-shaft.发动机是一个将燃料的热能转变为机械能来驱动汽车的独立的动力模块。发动机被称为内燃机是因为燃料在内部被燃烧。在内燃机中，一股空气燃料混合气被吸入到一个封闭的气缸，在那里，它被压缩并点燃。燃烧的燃料产生一种迅速升高的气缸压力通过活塞和曲轴转变为有用的机械能。25. The front wheels are arranged at various angles to the car frame provide goo

36、d steering control and stability.前轮被安排在不同的角度对车架提供良好的转向控制和稳定26. The fuel may be ignited either by a spark or by compression gaving rise to classifications of sparking-ignition and compression-ignition engines.燃油可以由火花或者通过压缩点燃，从而产生火花点燃式和压燃式两种类型的发动机。 27. The moderm automatic transmission cosists of many

37、individuals consider to be an art form. 自动变速器由许多部件和机构构成，它们在一个智能化机-电-液系统中协调工作，经过许多年的发展，许多热衷于机械的人认为该系统已经发展成为艺术产品。28. The modern automatic transmission is by far,the most complicated mechanical component in todays automobile.Automatic transmissions contain mechanical systems,hydraulic systems,electrica

38、l systems and computer controls,all working together in perfect harmony which goes virtually unnoticed until there is a problem. 现代的自动变速器在迄今为止的自动汽车中具有最复杂的结构。自动变速器控制机械系统、液压系统、电气系统和计算机控制系统使其完美配合工作29. The most general characteristics of roads are their widths in terms of numbers of lanes ,whether oppos

39、ing carriageways are separated ,other cross-sectional characteristics, and their horizontal vertical curvatures.道路最一般的特征为它们的宽度及车道数，反向车道是否分隔，其他横断面特征，平曲率和纵曲率。30. The most important types of accident from the point of view of injury are first , , comprising frontal collisions with rigid objects in sing

40、le vehicle accidents, frontal or rear-end collisions with other vehicles, ; second, side impacts mainly at intersections;and third, overturning.从伤害的观点看，最重要的事故类型首先是导致正面碰撞的事故，包括与固定物碰撞的单车事故，与其他车辆的正面或追尾碰撞和在交叉口与其他车辆的碰撞；其次为主要发生在交叉口的侧面碰撞；再次为倾翻。31. The power steering gear also uses a control valve to send h

41、ydraulic fluid into the steering gear at the right timeinto the main chamber of the steering gear.动力转向装置还能使用一个控制阀将液压油传递到.在正确的时间传递给转向齿轮。当转向盘开始向某个方向转动时，阀门通道开启，把液压油输送到转向装置的主室。32. There are two types of brakes,the drum brake and disc brake.Either or both types may be fitted.But where both types are used it is usual for the disc brakes to be fitted to the front wheels有两种刹车类型，盘式制动和鼓式制动。或者两种都会安装，但在使