人教版高中英语必修四unit2词汇讲解和练习

1、人教版高中英语必修四Unit2 Working the land1 struggle strglvi.搏斗；奋斗；努力；争取n.打斗；竞争；奋斗【例句】They had to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties.他们必须和各种各样的困难作斗争。 After 5 years of struggle,people in Wenchuan are living a normal life now.经过五年的努力，现在汶川人民的生活步入了正轨。【搭配】struggle against/with与斗争 struggle for 为争取而斗争 s

2、truggle to do 努力去做 struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来 a life-and-death struggle生死搏斗【辨析】battle, war, campaign, struggle, fight这些名词均有“战斗，战争”之意。 battle：侧重指战争中的一次较全面、时间较长的战斗，也指陆军或海军在某一特定地区进行的战斗，或个人之间的争斗。 war：是战争的总称，一般指包括多个战役的大规模战争。 campaign：通常指在一场大的战争中在某一地区进行的一连串有既定目的的军事行动。也可作引申用。 struggle：指激烈或时间持续长的战斗或奋力斗争。

3、fight：最普通用词，含义广，指战斗、斗争或打斗。2 hunger hg(r) n.饿，饥饿；欲望vt.& vi.（使）饥饿【例句】His hunger for knowledge drove him to the library.他对知识的强烈愿望驱使他上图书馆。These students hunger for new knowledge and ideas.这些学生渴望学到新知识，获得新思想。【搭配】have a hunger for 渴望 hunger for 渴望得到【拓展延伸】“渴望得到某物/渴望做某事”的多种表达法归纳如下：hunger for sth. long for st

4、h. hope for sth. wish for sth. be eager for sth. desire sth. hunger to do sth long to do sth hope to do sth wish to do sth be eager to do sth. desire to do sth.3 expand kspnd vt.使变大；扩张；详述vi.扩展；发展；张开；展开【例句】In ten years the citys population expanded by 12%. 十年之中,该市人口增加了百分之十二。【搭配】o.将扩展/发展成exp

5、and on 阐述；详谈【辨析】expand/extend/spread/stretch expand 意为“展开，扩大”，不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。extend 意为“伸出，延伸”，指空间范围的扩大，以及长度，宽度的向外延伸，也可指时间的延长。spread 意为“传播；蔓延；铺开”。一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播（疾病），散布（信息）等。stretch 意为“伸展(身体等)，拉长；连绵”，一般指由曲变直，由短变长的伸展，不是加长。【拓展延伸】expansion n.展开；膨胀；扩展expansive adj.广阔的；易膨胀的4rid rd vt.使摆脱，解除，免除【例

6、句】You are supposed to rid yourself of carelessness,for it often leads to trouble. 你应该克服粗心，因为他常常引起麻烦。Its easy to get into the habit of smoking but hard to get rid of it.染上吸烟的恶习很容易，但要戒掉很困难。【搭配】rid sb of sth 使某人摆脱 get rid of 摆脱，除去5 equipkwp vt.装备，配备【例句】Most parents want to equip their children with a g

7、ood education.大多数父母想让他们的孩子接受良好的教育。【搭配】equip . for 给.配备，使有能力做 equip sb with 用.装备be equipped for 准备好 be equipped with 装备，安装 be fully/poorly/well equipped 装备齐全/简陋/完好【辨析】 equip, furnish, supply, provide, afford这些动词都含有“提供，供给”之意。 equip：侧重提供与技术有关的装备或设备等。 furnish：多指添置家具等供给生活的必需品或为生活舒适提供所需的服务设施。 supply/provi

8、de：普通用词，指提供任何所需求的东西。 afford：一般只用于对抽象事物提供，也可指经济能力上的供给或支付。【拓展延伸】equipment nu装备 a piece of equipment 一件装备【温馨提示】equip的过去式和过去分词都是equipped；现在分词是equipping。6confuseknfju:z vt.使困窘；使混乱；使困惑【例句】It is important to explain this again or we will confuse the students.把这个再解释一遍很重要，否则我们就会使学生感到迷惑。They asked so many que

9、stions that they confused me.他们问了许多问题，都把我弄糊涂了。【搭配】 confuse A with B 把A与B混淆 be confused about 对.感到困惑【温馨提示】confused指“困惑的；迷惑不解的；被弄糊涂的”，表示人的内心感受；confusing“使人困惑的；令人迷惑的；使人混乱的”，表示事物的状态。7 regret rgret vt.后悔，悔恨；遗憾 n.遗憾，惋惜；后悔【例句】If you dont study hard now,you will regret it in the future.如果你现在不好好学习，将来你会后悔的。Mu

10、ch to our regret,we couldnt attend your wedding.让我们深感遗憾的是，我们没能参加你们的婚礼。【搭配】regret doing/having done sth后悔做了某事 regret to do 遗憾的做 to ones regret 令某人感到遗憾的是 with regret 遗憾地8 reducerdju:s vt.减少；缩小【例句】They have reduced the prices in the shop,so its good time to buy.商店已经降低了价格，所以现在是买东西的好时候。It was foggy so th

11、e driver had to reduce speed to forty kilometers an hour.由于大雾，司机不得不把速度减到每小时40千米。【搭配】reduce to 减少到 reduce by 减少了【辨析】decrease, diminish, lessen, reduce, dwindle这些词的共同含义是“减少，变少”。 decrease：指逐渐地、不断地减少。 lessen：普通用词，与decrease近义。指数目、程度、价值、实力等的减少。 reduce：普通用词，含义广。指数量、程度的降低或减少。9 comment kment n.评论；注释vt.& vi.评

12、论，谈论【例句】Do you have any comment to make about the cause of the accident?你对这起事故发生的原因有何评论？【搭配】no comment 无可奉告 comment on .对.评论 make a comment on/about .对.评论10 focus fks vt.集中；聚焦n.焦点；聚焦【例句】It was the main focus of attention at the meeting.这是会议上关注的主要焦点。【搭配】focus on 集中精力于 focus ones attention on 把注意力集中到【

13、拓展延伸】focus ones attention on sth.= center/concentrate/fix ones attention on sth. 集中注意力于11 thanks to由于；多亏（有时用作反语）;因为【例句】Thanks to the bad weather, the match had been cancelled. 多亏了这倒霉的天气，比赛被取消了。（反语）【拓展延伸】表示“因为，由于”的短语还有：because of，owing to，on account of，due to，as a result of。【温馨提示】以上这些都是介词短语，因此后面可以跟名词

14、或动名词而不可以跟从句。due to一般不用于句首12. be satisfied with 对表示满足或满意【例句】Youve done well at school. Im very satisfied with you. 你在学校干得不错，我对你很满意。【拓展延伸】be satisfied to do 对做感到满意to sb s / sth s satisfaction 使某人满意的是 far from satisfactory 远远不能令人满足 【温馨提示】be satisfied with 同义词 be pleased with be content with小结：本单元单词的构词法

15、1 合成词1）sunburnt sun+burnt 2) output out+put3) therefore there+fore4) underline under+line2. 词缀+词根1) dis-表示“不，消失掉”；表示“分开，分离”如：discovery disagree dishonest disappear2) -ty表示性质如：responsibility nationality personality3) -ry表示集合名词如：laboratory实验室 chemistry化学 summary discovery4) -ion由动词变化而来的抽象名词常表示状态。如：com

16、munication交流，交往 occupation production nutrition必修4 Unit2 Working the land基础过关I 单词拼写1A _ (化学的) change takes place in paper when it burns.2. We must r_ ourselves of these old ideas.3. Not having had food for over forty hours, we were all weak from h_.4. Because of the heavy rain the l_ of the lake has

17、 risen 6 inches.5. It was a new form of _ (细菌) and nobody knew how it would affect humans.6. The cookies are made from g_ and fruit.7. Farmers consider rabbits to be p_, because they destroy some crops they grow.8. The violent film is not _(合适的) for children.9. This food provides the _(营养) your dog

18、needs.10. The average _(产量) of the factory is 20 cars a day.II 用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空would rather, be satisfied with, thanks to, insist on, care about, refer to, lead a .life, exchange for, rid of1) He got the first prize in the speech contest. His teacher _ hisperformance.2) It is really a hot day. I _ st

19、ay in the house withair-conditioning than go outshopping.3) Please_ the last page of the book for answers after doing the exercises. 4) _ your help, we could finish the task on time.5) Most of the people in remote mountainous area _ _ poor _.6) Next week I will fly to Britain on business. Now I want

20、 to _ some RMB yuan_ British pounds.7) When a child knows that he _, he feels safe and secure.8) The girl struggled to_ herself _ her fears.9) Some schools _ their students wearing school uniforms.III 完成句子1. 毕业后，他宁愿留在上海而不愿回家乡。He _ _ stay in Shanghai _ return to his hometown after his graduation.2. 多

21、亏了他的杂交水稻，农民们种出的粮食比之前多一倍。_ _ his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests _ as before.3. 农民对今年的稻谷产量很满意。Farmers _ quite _ _ this years _ of rice.4. 在非洲，政府都在努力让人民摆脱饥饿。In Africa, governments are trying to _ the people_ _.5. 他们集中精力想保持土壤肥沃且免受病害They _ _ keeping their soil rich and _ _disease.6. 他为了自由而斗争

22、。They _ _ the freedom.7. 最终他们到达了被称作新美洲的地方。At last, they reached _ _ _ the New America.8. 很抱歉地说我不能帮你的忙。I that I cannot help you.IV. 辩一辩1.The black people have never stopped their struggle _ unfair treatment(不公正对待).A. against B. for c. on D. to2. He got completelywhen he saw both Lucy and Lily, who ar

23、e twin sisters. A. confusing B. confused C. confuse D. confuses3. my English teacher, I have become what I am. A. Thanks for B. Thank to C. Thanks to D. Thank for 4. Nowadays the whole world _ peace. A. hunger for B. has a hunger for C. hungry for D. have a hunger for5. She was_ the result. We knew

24、it from her _ look. A. satisfying with; satisfied B. satisfied with; satisfied C. satisfied with; satisfying D. satisfying with; satisfyingV 汉译英1 这个战士受了重伤，但最后还是挣扎着站了起来。（struggle）_2 正如所报道的那样，西部地区的学生应受到更好的教育。（equip with）_3 总有一天我们会有办法使这样可怕的疾病在世界上绝迹。(rid of)_4 因为对我的话感到满意，我母亲同意我和我的同学去游泳。(satisfy)_5 练习中国功

25、夫不仅可以强身健体，而且还可以培养人的性格。(build up)_VI 同义句转换1. A: Compared with maths I like English better.B: I _ English _ maths.2. A: Even if he dies he wont give in.B: He _ _ die _ give in.3. A: We should save the sick free from pain.B: We should _ the sick _ pain.4.A: He doesnt like to live a comfortable life.B:

26、He doesnt _ _ living a comfortable life.5. A: Dr Yuan has spent all his time on his research.B: Dr Yuan has _ all his time _ his research.VII 单句改错1. Looking forward to hear from you soon .2. Some of them even waste time in class played video games.3. I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to hol

27、ding me on her knees and sing old songs.4. Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, which might not be served until 8 oclock at night.5. After think for some time, I let her copy my answers.提升练习VIII 单项填空1. You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. -W

28、ell, now I regret _ that. A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done2. Vitamin B and C help to your resistance. A. set up B. give up C. build up D.stand up3. He got completely when he saw both Lucy and Lily, who are twin sisters. A. confusing B. confused C. confuse D. confuses4. Would yo

29、u rather _ there tomorrow?No. Id rather he _ there instead of me.Ato go；will go Bgo；went Cgo；will go Dgoing；shall go5. The officers narrowly escapedin the hot battle. A. have killed B. to kill C. to be killed D. being killed6. Though it sounds a bit too dear, it is worth _. A. being bought B. buying

30、 C. to buy D. buying it.7. If I ruled the world, I would _ the world _ everything that is bad. A. get rid of; byB. be rid of; byC. rid; ofD. get rid; of 8. As is known to all, oranges are _ Vitamin C.A. rich inB. poor with C. short of D. good for9. The boss is quite _ with his_ ability.A. satisfied;

31、 satisfied B. satisfying; satisfying C. satisfied; satisfying D. satisfying; satisfied10. It is reported that the United States uses _ energy as the whole of Europe. A. as twice B. twice much C. twice much as D. twice as much11. In some parts of London，missing a bus means _for another hourA. waiting

32、 Bto wait Cwait Dto be waiting12. Progress so far has been very good. , we are sure that the project will be completed on time.A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Besides 13China has successfully sent up the Shenzhou spacecraft into space _with sophisticated devices of science and technology.Ato

33、 be equipped Bequipped Cequipping Dhaving been equipped14There was a_ look on his face when he met with the _ problem.Aconfusing；confusing Bconfused；confusedCconfusing；confused Dconfused；confusing15While shopping，people sometimes cant help _into buying something they dont really need.Ato persuade Bp

34、ersuading Cbeing persuaded Dbe persuaded16. Luckily for us, when we got there the weather _ to be fine.A. turned up B. turned out C. turned over D. turned into17. Having heard my answer, the master nodded _ satisfaction, “Im quite satisfied _you.”A. with; with B. on; by C. in; to D. in; of18. The ma

35、tter must be looked into. We are supposed to have a little _ .A. rain B. weather C. patience D. lookIX 短文填空Yuan Longping, the father of super hybrid rice, has_（奋斗）for the past five decades for the Chinese farmers. In 1953 when Dr Yuan graduated from college, _（饥饿）was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside._（因此）