牛津英语模块一Unit 单元考点集训定语从句用法

1、Chapter 2 模块一Unit 1单元语法集训 定语从句的用法语法专题考点预览1.定语从句的定义及相关术语2.比较关系代词与关系副词的用法 3.“介词+which/whom”引导定语从句（一）定义及相关术语 一、定义1定语从句：修饰某一 、 或 的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。2先行词： 的词叫先行词。3关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：连接功能： ；指代功能： ；语法功能：在定语从句中 。关系词依其在定语从句中的功能，分为 和 。关系代词有 等；关系副词有 等。该句中，who is shaking hands with my fath

2、er 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man, who是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。语法功能关系词指代功能主语宾语表语定语指人指物二、定语从句的种类以及区别定语从句分为 定语从句和 定语从句1. 限制性定语从句起限定作用，是主句不可缺少的部分，与先行词之间无逗号；翻译时常译成前置定语。Those who want to go, please sign their names here. 想去的人请在这儿签名。2. 非限制性定语从句起补充说明作用，省去后不影响主句的意思，并且常用逗号与主句隔开；翻译时常译成并列的分句。A middle-aged woman

3、killed her husband, which frightened me very much. 一个中年女子杀害了自己的丈夫，这令我十分恐惧。This note was left by John, who was here a moment ago. 这张纸条是约翰留的，他刚才来过这儿。请看下面例句的不同含义：限制性：她有两个当解放军的儿子。She has two sons who are P.L.A. men. (Maybe she has other sons who are not P.L.A. men.)非限制性：她有两个儿子，他们都是解放军。She has two sons，w

4、ho are P.L.A. men.(She has only two sons. They are both P.L.A. men.)关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句时，which可以指主句的全部内容，也可以是部分内容，从句只能位于先行词后。Tom studies hard and is ready to help others, which is what his parents expect.Any way, that evening, which Ill tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachels place.

5、三、关系代词的用法1. who在从句中作S或O，作O时可省略。练习1 He has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.练习2 He laughs last laughs best.练习3 The boy she loved died in the war.2. whom在从句中作O，与who通用，可省略。当作介词O并将介词提前时，只能用whom, 且不能省略。练习4 She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.练习5 He had a lot of

6、 friends, only a few of _ invited to his wedding.练习6 The woman he has been married was a doctor.A. whose B. whom C. to whom D. with whom练习7 The football team has fifteen members, is 25 years old.A. some of whom B. all of whom C. both of whom D. the oldest of whom练习8 Do you know the man ?A. whom I sp

7、oke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3. which在从句中作S或O，作O时可省略。当作介词O并将介词提前时, 不能省略。练习9 A plane is a machine can fly.练习10 The car my brother bought is beautiful.练习11 This is the room Lu Xun used to live in.练习12 This is the room in Lu Xun used to live.练习13 I still remember the days we spent

8、in the summer camp two years ago.A. which B. when C. what D. where练习14 Is this the factory a lot of students visited yesterday?A. the one B. which C. who D. whom4. that在从句中作S或O，作O时可以省略，但不能放在介词后面作介词O，此时应用whom或which.(1)指人练习15 The old man I visited yesterday is my teacher. (2)指物练习16 The bag lies on the

9、 ground is hers.练习17 Do you still remember the chicken farm we visited three months ago?A. when B. where C. that D. what练习18 Do you know the difficulty he had the work?A. on finishing B. to finish C. finishing D. having finished练习19 This is the factory I visited last week.A. what B. that C. where D.

10、 it5. whose是代词的所有格，可指人也可指物, 在从句中作定语，但有时只能用of which或of whom。练习20 I saw a woman bag was stolen.练习21 She lives in a room, the windows face south.练习22 Here is my classmate bicycle was lost yesterday.A. his B. that C. whose D. which练习23 Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight

11、quickly.A. whose B. what C. which D. thatwhose引导的定语从句先行词在从句中作定语, 先行词既可指人也可指物whose后肯定有它所修饰的名词.练习24 Just like a voyage at sea, our life journey, _ days are limited, is full of difficulties. A. whose B. that C. its D. whom练习25 I visited the scientist _ name is known all over the world .A. whose B. that

12、 C. its D. whom6. as引导定语从句的情况(1) 引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句中的一部分或整个句子。此种定语从句可以位于句首、句中，也可位于句尾。位于句首时不用which引导。练习26 He married Mary, was natural练习27 he realized, I was very useful to him. 练习28 Oxygen, we know, is a gas.练习29 He is from the south, we can see from his accent.练习30 is often the case, we have worked ou

13、t the production plan.A. Which B. When C. What D. Asas引导的非限制性定语从句有时类似插入语，译为“正如、就像”，which却没有。常见的句式有as we all know, as is known to all, as is said above等。练习31 is known to all, China is a developing country.练习32 we know, smoking is harmful to ones health.(2) 引导限制性定语从句，多位于the sameas, the same as, suchas

14、, soas, as.as中。练习33 I have got into the same trouble he .练习34 There are as many dictionaries are needed. 所需要的字典都有了。练习35 Such women know Tom thought he was charming.练习36 I have never heard such stories he tells.练习37 We are facing the same problems we did years ago.练习38 This is the same wallet I lost.

15、7. 修饰物体时关系代词that和 which的区分(1) 只能使用that的情况：当先行词即有人又有物时；练习39 The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really wellknown.当先行词被the very, the right, the next, the only；形容词最高级、序数词所修饰；先行词为数词时；练习40 The first American movie I watched was the Titanic.练习41 This is the very book I lost yester

16、day.练习42 After the big fire, the old car is the only thing he owns. 练习43 Corn was not the only plant taken to EuropeA. that was B. that were C. which was D. which were当先行词是everything, nothing, anything, all, each, few, little, much, none, the one等不定代词时；练习44 All can be done has been done.练习45 There s

17、eems to be nothing is impossible to him in the world.练习46 Have you set down everything Mr Li said?练习47 Is there anything else you require?A. which B. that C. which D. what当先行词被all, any, every, each, some, no, one of 等不定代词修饰时； 练习48 Theres no difficulty we cant overcome.练习49 Ive read all the books can

18、 be borrowed here.当先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时；练习50 Shanghai isnt the city it used to be 60 years ago.练习51 He is no longer the man he used to be.当主句是who或which开头的疑问句时。练习52 Who is the man is waiting at the school gate?练习53 Which is the book you bought yesterday?练习54 Which is the car ran over a dog yester

19、day?(2) 只能使用which的情况。非限制性定语从句中。练习55 Mary has a book, is very precious.练习56 Who Moved My Cheese? is a best seller, is written by Spencer JohnsonA. which B. that C. who D. it练习57 Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, , of course, made all the others upset.A. who B. which C. what D.

20、that在介词之后。练习58 This is a house in lives an old man.8. 修饰人时关系代词that 和who, whom的区分。先行词是one, ones, anyone, those时，宜用who;练习59 One has nothing to fear for oneself dares to say truth.练习60 Anyone breaks the law should be punished.在There be开头的句字中，宜用 who；练习61 There are many people are against him.先行词指人，且关系代词

21、前有介词时，只用whom;练习62 She is the girl with I went there. 比较She is the girl whom / who/ that I met at the party.四、关系副词的用法语法功能先行词引导词时间状语时间词when(=in等+which)地点状语地点词where(=in等+which)方式状语waythat/in which/省略原因状语reasonwhy(=for + which)1. 先行词是时间词语，可用when引导定语从句，when在句中作时间状语。练习63 Do you still remember the days we

22、spent in Qingdao?练习64 Do you still remember the days we spent the summer holidays in Qingdao?练习65 Li Hua still remembered the moment he became a student of Beijing University.A. where B. which C. why D. when练习66 Do you think therell be time we can beat all diseases?A. a; that B. the; that C. a; when

23、 D. the; when2. 先行词是地点词语，定语从句用where引导，where在从句中作地点状语。练习67 I grew up in the small village I was born in.练习68 I grew up in the small village in I was born.练习69 I grew up in the small village I was born练习70 Weve booked a room in the centre of town for the guests they can stay for three days.A. when B.

24、where C. which D. whom3. 先行词为reason时，定语从句用why引导，why在从句中作原因状语，可用for which或that代替why，that可以省略。练习71 Tom explained to her teacher the reason she came late.4. 先行词为way时，定语从句的关系词在从句中作状语，通常用that引导定语从句，that常省略；也可用in which引导。练习72 What surprised me was not what he said but the way he said it.练习73 The way he ex

25、plained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.练习74 The way he explained to us was quite simple.五、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句1. 英语中，关系代词作定语从句中介词的宾语时，介词可位于定语从句中，在正式文体中的介词也可位于关系代词的前面。介词位于关系代词前面时，关系代词往往是whom或which，有时也用whose。练习75 The little creature scientists are interested is ET.练习76 There was a teap

26、ot shaped like a Chinese duck, out of mouth the tea was supposed to come.练习77 Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from effect the people are still suffering.2. 介词的确定：(1) 先行词的习惯搭配或需要。练习78 The speed light travels is 3000,000 km per second.(2) 介词是从句谓语动词的一部分或动词所需要的搭配。练习79 The woman

27、Spielberg is married is an actress.练习80 It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer I went for advice.A. by whom B. by who C. to whom D. to who(3) 表示所有关系或整体的一部分，常用of which。练习81 China has hundreds of islands, the largest is Taiwan.巩固提高（多选）1. These houses are sold at such a low price _ people expe

28、cted.A. like B. as C. that D. which2. _ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. A. It B. As C. That D. What3. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _ , of course , made the others envy him. A. who B. that C. what D. which4. The gent

29、leman_ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.A. who B. about whomC. whom D. with whom5. Have you seen the film “Titanic”, _ leading actor is world-famous? A. its B. its C. whose D. which6. I dont like the way_ you speak to her.A. B. that C. in which D. All A, B, and C7. Is this book _you want t

30、o borrow from the library. A. that B. which C. the one D.8. It is the ability to do the job _ matters not where you come form or what you are.A. one B. that C. what D. it课后巩固练习练习一、单项填空1I think youre got to the point_ a change is needed, otherwise youll fail.A. when B. that C. where D. which2The hour

31、s _ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people.A. when B. that C. in which D. on which3Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes_ people were eaten by the

32、 tiger. A. that B. by which C. which D. in which 4There were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands. A. where B. which C. when D. that 5He made another wonderful discovery , _ of importance to science . A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think is 6_ is

33、 reported in the newspaper talks between the two countries are making progress. A. It, that B. As, tat C. That, that D. What, as 7There are many people_ only on-line activity is sending and receiving e-mails. A. who B. that C. which D. whose8EBay, Amazon and WalMart are popular websites_ people can

34、sell goods to each other. A. where B. which C. when D. whose9On his 10th birthday. Marty manages to escape from the zoo and gets onto the subway, _he believesthat he can go to the wild. A. which B. from what C. through which D. that10I hope _ the little _I have been able to do has been of some use.

35、A. that; that B. /;by which C. what; what D. /;with which11The farmers use wood to build a house _to store grains all the year around. A. with which B. to which C. which D. in which 12This was a film_ Spielberg used real actors instead of toys. A. which B. when C. in which D. there13The thought of g

36、oing home to his family was all kept him happy while he was working abroad. A. that B. what C. those D. which14A container weighs more after air is put in _ proves that air has weight. A. as B. it C. that D. which 15Can you tell me where Peter lives?Over there. The two storey house, _there is a gard

37、en. A. near it B. from which C. in front of it D. in front of which 16Miss Green took up the story at the point _ the thief had just made off with the jewels. A. where B. which C. as D. when17Garol said the work should be done by October,_ personally, I doubt very much. . A. It B. that C. when D. wh

38、ich18The year before last, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _ effects the people are still suffering. A. that B. whose C. those D. what 19Nowadays teenagers like to go to fast food restaurants, _ as the name suggests, eating doesnt take much time. A. who B. where C. which D. what 20

39、Later I want to return home but couldnt find a company _I could use _I had learnt. A. where; that B. where; what C. when; what D. that; that 21Government reports, legal papers and most business letters are the main situations _ English is used. A. when B. that C. how D. where 22We hope the measures

40、to control house prices，_ are taken by the government，will succeed. A. as B. when C. since D. after 23The boy the teachers considered _ failed in the final exam, surprised them very much. A. to be the best；which B. as the best student；thatC. to have been studying well；it D. such as a good student；wh

41、ich 24The president, together with his bodyguards, _ to the nuclear station _ there was an accident 20 minutes ago. A. have come；which B. came；in which C. has come；where D. come；in which 25Is there a gas station around_ I can get some petrol?A. which B. what C. where D. that26There was_ time_ I want

42、ed to play truant. A. a；that B. a；when C. the；that D. the；when 27It was in the very house _ was built with stones _ he spent his childhood. A. that；that B. that；where C. which；that D. which；where 28These wild flowers are so special I would do _I_ them. A. what；can save B. all what；can to saveC. what

43、；can to save D. everything；can save 29I shall never forget those years _I lived in the country with farmers, _ has a great effect on my life. A. that；which B. when；which C. which；that D. when；who 30. Just like a voyage at sea, our life journey, _ days are limited, is full of difficulties. A. that B.

44、 which C. it D. whose练习二: 请把下列句子合并成定语从句.1. I know the boy. He can speak English well. .2. The season is summer. It comes after spring. .3. The man was American. I spoke to him yesterday. .4. Thats the child. We were looking at his drawing just now. .5. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees. .6. Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine. You a