商务英语毕业论文--外贸函电的语言特点

1、商务英语毕业论文-外贸函电的语言特点 毕 业 设 计（论 文）题 目 ： 外贸函电的语言特点姓 名 王文茜 学 号 01XXXXXXXXXX 所在院部 成人与教育学院 专业班级 商务英语 指导教师 宋老师 日 期 2011 年 10 月 15日 毕业设计（论文）专用纸摘要外贸函电是国际贸易双方进行商务信息沟通的重要手段，其写作极其语言的运用成功与否对业务成败有着极其重要的影响。在外贸函电中要坚持礼貌、完整、清楚、简洁、具体与正确等原则。随着经济的发展，外贸函电在外贸交流中起着不可替代的作用。它是联系买卖双方之间的桥梁。作为函电，外贸函电与其它函电有相通的地方，但同时，它作为外贸函电，又具有其固

2、有的特性,那就是外贸函电的语言特点。所以，如何在话中运用语言技巧就显得非常重要。 索引关键词：外贸函电、语言特点、写作原则毕业设计（论文）任务书系 部 成人与教育指导教师宋老师职 称学生学生姓名王文茜专业班级 商务英语 学 号01XXXXXXXXXX设计题目外贸函电的语言特点设计内容目标和要求外贸函电是国际贸易中沟通信息最基本的途径之一,是一门模仿性、实践性、操作性都很强的课程，不通过练习实践，很难加深认识，巩固所学知识。外贸函电的语言特点及一些重要原则,以塑造良好形象,达到有效沟通的目的.尤其是外贸业务各个环节设计特定情景进行反复操作，进行大量填空、填词、选择题、句子翻译和中译英信件的翻译等

3、各种类型的练习，我们才能熟练掌握运用外贸业务这些常用的句型、词汇和短语以达到能够正确翻译并能拟写同类信函的目的。9月30号：确定毕业设计题目和内容大纲。10月1号10月10号：在网上和图书馆收集所需资料，进行大致的资料分析和整理。10月11号10月18号：确定毕业设计所包含的内容和大致可分几步骤写，初步设计各功能模块.10月19号10月25号：整理版块，按要求修正字体和间隔，各功能模块详细设计与论文设计穿插进行.10月26号10月30号：最后检查并完成毕业论文的设计指导教师签名：年 月 日系 部审 核此表由指导教师填写 由所在系部审毕业设计（论文）专用纸AbstractEnglish busi

4、ness correspondence is international trade both sides of business in the important means of information communication, its writing extremely language to the success or failure of the business success has significant impacts. In English business correspondence to insist on polite , complete, clear, c

5、oncise, specific and correct principles.With the development of business, business correspondence plays an irreplaceable role in trading. It is a link between the buyer and the seller. As a kind of correspondence, it has the basic features of the correspondence; meanwhile, the business correspondenc

6、e has its special features. Such as the features in the language. Key words: Business correspondence, the language features, writing principals 毕业设计（论文）专用纸目 录 摘 要 目 录 正 文Chapter 1 Introduction1.1 The definition of business correspondence1.2 The difference between business correspondence and general

7、social correspondence Chapter 2 The wording features of Business Correspondence2.1 Wording features of Business Correspondence2.2 English business correspondence language has the following distinct characteristicsChapter 3 The Characteristics of Business Correspondence3.1 Characteristics of Business

8、 Correspondence3.2 Words Used Differently Under Differently ConditionsChapter 4 The structure of Business Correspondence4.1 Structure of Business CorrespondenceChapter 5 The format of Business Correspondences5.1 The Full Block Style5.2 The Indented Style5.3 The Modified StyleChapter 6 Terms of Busin

9、ess Correspondence6.1 Terms of Business CorrespondenceChapter 7 Establishing Business Correspondence7.1 Channels to know Potential Customers7.2 Steps of Writing Letters of First InquiryConclusion. 致 谢. 参考文献. 附 录. 毕业设计（论文）专用纸Chapter 1 Introduction1. 1. The definition of business correspondenceBusines

10、s correspondence refers to letters, telegrams , telexes , faxes and E-mail .It includes foreign trade and domestic trade of course.1.2. The difference between business correspondence angeneral social correspondenceThe so-called business correspondence referring to the three different main features .

11、 Because this is a general social correspondence are not available, we say that there are three main features of business correspondence, it is the premise of ordinary business correspondence also have much in common with social correspondence, business correspondence, after all, because of a corres

12、pondence, but as the foreign correspondence has its own characteristics, so learn to read ordinary writing does not necessarily write social correspondence, will be able to read business correspondence, it is based on this - the inherent characteristics of business correspondence that it must be a i

13、ndependent course. In other countries, many universities has set up this course, just different name for it: Business Correspondence/ Business Communication / Communicating in International Business/So, What are the main characteristics of the business correspondence? Firstly, business correspondenc

14、e has its own unique language style and terminology.Secondly, business correspondence is full of trade terms, acronyms and abbreviations.Finally, the content of business correspondence is closely related with foreign trade business practices. Lets give an example of a first feature, foreign correspo

15、ndence has its own unique style and language.We are in the market for silk blouses and should be pleased if you could kindly quote us your keenest prices for the goods listed below: You can view, buy a lot of things need to say so stereotyped, that quite different situation for farmers market with d

16、aily asking price to buy something. This can be seen from the business correspondence is very polite and serious,while the language but also leisurely, and this is the language of business毕业设计（论文）专用纸correspondence style, with our words, formal, polite, restrained. The reason for this writing, in add

17、ition to this is the practice of business contacts, but also because serious and reliable official to appear sincere; courtesy to give a good impression, making money and gas is the truth; restraint to not offend each other.毕业设计（论文）专用纸 Chapter 2 The wording features of Business Correspondence2.1 Wor

18、ding features of Business CorrespondenceWriting business letters, we should always keep firmly in mind the essential features of them .It is essential to follow the six Cs: clearness , conciseness , courtesy ,consideration, completeness, concreteness and correctness. Clearness First of all, make sur

19、e that your letter is so clear that it cannot be misunderstood. This is primary goal of a business letter .When you are sure about what you want to say , express yourself in plain and simple words . Good , straightforward and simple English is what is needed for business letter .The writer must try

20、to express himself clearly ,so that the reader will understand and respond quickly .To achieve this .the writer should follow the following points:一Pay attention to sentence structure to convey your meaning二Avoiding ambiguous sentences and needless jargon三Use plain, simple words and short sentences四

21、Statements in wellconstructed sentences and paragraphsExample（一）We shall be able to supply 10 cases of the item only.（二）We shall be able to supply 10 cases only of the item. ConcisenessConciseness means writing or saying something in the fewest words. To achieve conciseness try to avoid wordiness or

22、 redundancy. Clearness and conciseness often go hand-in-hand and the elimination of wordy business jargon can help to make a letter clearer and at the same time more concise. The author should avoid wordiness and repetition, and use words to replace phrases or clauses .As we know, the purpose of wri

23、ting a letter is to make yourself understood easily ,not to show how long and complicated sentences you can write . But a concise letter is not necessarily a short one. Sometimes a letter dealing perhaps with a multiplicity of matters cannot avoid being long.一.in the fewest possible words 二.briefly

24、but completely毕业设计（论文）专用纸ExampleWe wish to acknowledge receipt of your letter.Can change: We appreciate your letter. Courtesy Courtesy means polite while not humble. It should hardly be necessary to stress the importance of courtesy in your correspondence. To be polite is a basic principle for busin

25、ess letters. The courtesy writer should be sincere and tactful, thoughtful and appreciative. However, courtesy is not mere politeness. One of the most important things is promptness. Punctuality will please your customer who dislikes waiting for days before he gets a reply to his letter. This means

26、you should answer letters promptly, without keeping your recipients waiting. But if conciseness conflicts with courtesy, then make a little sacrifice of conciseness. Generally speaking, you will gain in clearness and conciseness by writing short sentences rather than long ones.一More than polite二Sinc

27、ere, tactful, thoughtful and appreciative三Avoid irritating, offensive or belittling statements ExampleWe wish to draw your attention to a special offer which we have made in it. Consideration There is one general principle, on which the “you” attitude in your letter we should always keep in mind the

28、 person we are writing to. That is , the writer of the letter should put yourself in the position of the recipients .Try to discuss problem in a positive way and avoid discussing problem in a negative way.一.try to put yourself in HIS place二.emphasize the YOU attitude三.emphasize positive pleasant fac

29、tsExampleOur chain stores will not close until 5p.m. every dayOur chain stores close 5p.m. every day毕业设计（论文）专用纸 Completeness A business communication should include all the necessary information .It is essential to check the message carefully before it is sent out. Although formality in business let

30、ter-writing is rapidly giving way to a less conventional and more friendly style, completeness is still a basic requirement in order not to bring confusion.一Provide all necessary information二Give all questions asked三Give something extra, when desirable Concreteness Concreteness means to make the mes

31、sage special, definite and vivid, which calls for special reply as offer, enquiring trade terms. A point that is ambiguous in a letter will cause trouble to both sides, and further ex-change of letters for explanation will become inevitable, thus time will be lost.一To make the message specific二Dont

32、try to write in a literary style三Use action rather than camouflaged verbs Correctness Correctness means to use appropriate and grammatical language. Pay attention to name of article, specification, quantity, figure and units. It contains correct choice of formal or informal language, and correct cho

33、ice of positive or negative language. It is nearly always wrong to doubt a statement made in good faith by the other side and even worse to contradict it. Differences are bound to occur in business, but with diplomacy and tact, they can be overcome and settled without ill will on either side.一To cho

34、ose the only accurate name of article, specification, quantity, figure, and units.二To pay attention to the understanding and using the commercial terms correctly三To pay attention to the spelling of words, the use of punctuation and capital 毕业设计（论文）专用纸words, and the structure of sentences.2. 2. Engli

35、sh business correspondence language has the following distinct characteristics: Ordinary word Ordinary word is the commonly used words in everyday English, English people can understand and use words. As time goes on, correspondence English more colloquial content, use as far as possible simple and

36、understandable vocabulary, avoid those born monarch long words or letters. The following terms of excerpts from immigrants are: 1 , We hope you would be connected with place an order for men s shirts with us . 2 We are very pleased to receive your inquiry of June 3. 3 Please make shipments as soon a

37、s possible. 4 your price is indeed too high and We can t accept it.Note that the most of the language, correspondence is often used in the spoken language, in the table below, left column words and phrases is longer, more formally, and column of the right is simple and more colloquial for correspond

38、ence English, the commonly used. old words Foreign trade English letters often use some words to say foreign trade business of certain facts, explain some terms and conditions, due to be repeated use, so these words are endowed with special significance, and are part of the foreign trade of the old

39、words or letters, foreign trade terms. For example; Offer as the common everyday English vocabulary, provide, puts forward, bid and active do things meaning, such as in the foreign trade business, but it is offer, offer mean. Cover is transformed into a normal vocabulary regular vocabulary. Cover th

40、e general meaning is cover, but in foreign trade involves the insurance business, it became insurance term insurance. For example: 1 We cover All Risks. 2 Generally, we cover insurance WPA and War Risk in the absence of definite instructions from our clients. 3 You cover the goods only for 10% above

41、 invoice value. The claim is 毕业设计（论文）专用纸about the claim. As a common standard vocabulary words claim mean requirement, declared, in the correspondence English is cable compensate means the thought. vocabulary Vocabulary is to point to a specific field of science and special terms, their professional

42、 degree is higher in tone. Official, sense and accurate ,do not produce the ambiguity. Foreign trade English letters generally avoid using too formal or professional word, some already belongs to a clich, or become difficult to understand, so people are being eliminated; But these words often can ma

43、ke statements take solemn style, so there is still a certain vitality, for example: As direct steamers to your port are few and far between, we have to ship via Hong Kong more often than not. The sentences, the few and far between, via, more often than not, mostly in the foreign trade English letter

44、s only see, all belong to the commonly used special vocabulary; When the letter involves some goods name, bank, packaging, transport and other professional when it is necessary to use the precise meaning, for example, professional vocabulary of goods name: asbestos asbestos ether ether ; Bank of lan

45、guage: negotiation bank Issuance L/C forward credit invoice bill packing vocabulary classes: nude cargo without goods buck cargo bulk goods ; Transportation vocabulary classes: liner regular ship demurrage and dispatch money delay, the fee Abbreviations and referring In order to save the space and t

46、ime, the foreign trade English letters often appear in the abbreviations and referred to the main way. Abbreviations divided into the following categories: 1 the first letter acronym: FOB Free on Board ; L/C letter of Credit D/P Documents against Payment 2 cut short words: Exp. & Imp. Inc. : Export

47、and Import Incorporated: Ad. : advertisement 3 mixed acronym: 4 P: Product Price Promotion Place; 3 M: Minnesota Mining Manufacturing Co. Most acronyms and can be referred by familiar with the business work and find the dictionary to understand their meaning, but some acronym is people in a given co

48、ntext manmade, encounter this kind of situation毕业设计（论文）专用纸n, must according to the context to decide it mean, or consult the dictionary for, dont follow ones inclinations guess .?. prepositions The prepositions in foreign trade English correspondence application in general, more general English arti

49、cles more common, therefore the domestic various levels of English business correspondence in the test, prepositions are as a single topic to test students teaching and learning, so letter preposition in have quite important role. The same letters may take back and explain several different preposit

50、ion, respectively different meanings, said if not make clear the preposition usage, it often leads to mess with, mistake. The following this sentence ideographic comprehensive application of above prepositions, please understand prepositions usage, We have to make a claim against you on the shipment

51、 for $2100 on account of short weight. We have to so goods of short weight to your claim $2100. The widespread use of Hereby compound words ?Foreign trade often use English letters by here, there and where and after, at, in, by, from, of 7, under, upon, with prepositions, etc to form a adverbial com

52、pound adjectives, such as hereafter, hereby, thereby, whereas, whereby, although in daily English rarely used, but it has a strong formal stylistic colors, thus in the foreign trade letter often use, to display their writing seriousness and legal means. This kind of compound words from the correspon

53、ding Chinese if mean more difficult to understand, but if master their structure and meaning of the relationship between the understanding, it was easy to. This kind of compound words here in this, there shall be construed as shall be construed as that, where should understand, therefore hereafter f

54、or which shall be construed as after this, wherein shall be construed as that, whereby of shall be construed as by which. For example to Further our last discussions in Melbourne and the faxes exchanged thereafter on a joint venture in Australia, we were very pleased to receive your letter of December 12 with detailed proposals on the subject. on毕业设计（论文）专用纸Australian set up a joint venture enterprise, in Melbourne, before he talks, and then by fax exchanges, we received your company consultations