高考英语阅读理解(社会文化)的技巧及练习题及练习题(含答案)

1、（英语）高考英语阅读理解( 社会文化 ) 的技巧及练习题及练习题( 含答案 )一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1阅读理解i travel a lot, and i find out different styles( 风格 )of directions every time i ask how can i get to the post office?foreign tourists are often confused( 困惑的 )in japan because most streets there dont have names. in japan, people use landmark

2、s( 地标 )in their directions instead of street names. for example, the japanese will say to travelers, go straight down to the corner. turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market. the post office is across from the bus stop.in the countryside of the american midwest, there are not usually ma

3、ny landmarks. there are no mountains, so the land is very flat. in many places there are no towns or buildings within miles. instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances. in kansas or iowa, for example, people will say, go north two miles. turn east, and then go another mile.p

4、eople in los angeles, california, have no idea of distance on the map. they measure distance in time, not miles. how far away is the post office? you ask. oh, they answer, its about five minutes from here. you say, yes, but how many miles is it? they dont know.its true that a person doesnt know the

5、answer to your question sometimes. what happens in such a situation? a new yorker might say, sorry, i have no idea. but in yucatan, mexico, no one answers i dont know. people in yucatan believe that i dont know is impolite. they usually give an answer, often a wrong one. a tourist can get very, very

6、 lost in yucatan!（ 1） when a tourist asks the japanese the way to a certain place, they usually _.（ 2） what is the place where people measure distance in time?（ 3） people inyucatan may give a tourist a wrong answer _.（ 4） what can we infer from the text?a.its important for travelers to understand cu

7、ltural differences.b.its useful for travelers to know how to ask the way properly.c.people have similar understanding of politeness.d.new yorkers are generally friendly to visitors.【答案】 （ 1） d（ 2） b（ 3） c（ 4） a【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者围绕不同国家回答问路的风格，介绍了不同国度的不同文化。（ 1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ foreign touristsare oft

8、enconfused （困惑的）injapan because most streets there dont have names. in japan, people use landmarks（地标） intheir directions instead of str eet names. 可”知在日本通常是用地标指路。故选d。（ 2）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“ people in los angeles, california, have no idea ofdistance on the map; they measure distance in time, not miles

9、.可知，在洛杉矶用”走一段路用多少时间来指路。故选b。（ 3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的know. people in yucatan believe that“ butin yucatan, mexico, no one answers doni t i dont know 可推断，is因impolite尤卡坦.人可能”会给游客一个错误的答案的目的是为了礼貌。故选c。（ 4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ i find out different styles of directions every time i ask how can i get to the post office?

10、 以及下文举例说明可知，作者围绕回答问路的风格，介绍了不同国度的不同文化。因此推断作者说明了对旅行者来说了解不同地方的文化差异很重要。故选 a。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解some international languages are widely used formany purposes. some minority languages will die out and some nations tend tokeep minority languages. i r

11、eckon that most common used internationallanguages ease our life quality and communication with different nationalities.on the other hand, we need to help improve minority languages.there are many languages in the entire world buttwo or three minority languages die out each year. some countries try

12、to savedying languages. for instance, australian government created a project to savethe language and culture of maori who are australian aborigines. and there areother projects to keep minority languages such as american indian language.however, the worldwide job market usuallyrequires candidates w

13、ho can speak english or other international languages.people who cannot speak lingua franca (共通语 ) could hardly be promotedat work. for example, some companies need an employee who can deal with foreigncompanies. so most people tend to learn at least one international languagethat helps them to find

14、 a better job.therefore, world needs one common lingua francathat should be spoken in any country.consequently, one common language shouldbe a required subject in every school. so anyone speaking one common languagecan travel without worries to any point of the world and trade their products. people

15、will not be forced to learn many languages.in conclusion, we should help minority nationsto keep their languages for the cultural diversity. to ease the worldwidecommunication among nations, we should create a common language and providecourses of it. as a result, no one will face a language issue.（

16、1） what does the underlined word“reckon ” in paragraph 1 mean?a. deny.b. fear.c. ignore.d. think.（ 2） what can be inferred from paragraph 2?a. not all minority languages are useful.b. some minority languages have died out.c. maori is attractive to australian tourists.d. american indian language is w

17、ell preserved.（ 3） why do most people study more international languages?a. it benefits their journey.b. they can earn more money.c. it does good to find a good job.d. they are eager to get promoted.（ 4） how can we stay away from language problems?a. by learning a common language.c. by studying more

18、 languages at college.【答案】 （1） d（ 2） b（ 3） c（ 4） ab. by wiping out minority languages.d. by communicating more with foreigners.【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一些国际语言被广泛用于许多目的，多数人学习更多的国际语言是为了找到一份好工作。作者建议通过学习一种共同的语言来解决语言问题。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“some minority languages will die out and some nationstend to keep minority

19、languages.一些少数”民族语言消亡，一些国家倾向于保持少数民族语言。 ”i reckon thatmostcommonused internationallanguages ease our life qualityandcommunicationwith differentnationalit ies. 我”认为最常用的国际语言缓解我们的生活质量和与不同民族的沟通。由上下文联系推知划线词的意思是“想，认为 ”。故选 d。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“there are many languages in the entire world but twoor three mino

20、rity languages die out each year.可知一些少数民”族的语言已经灭绝。故选b。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“so most people tend to learn at least one internationallanguage that helps them to find a better job.多数人学习更”多的国际语言是为了找到一份好工作。故选c。（ 4 ）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“toease theworldwidecommunicationamongnations, we should create a common langua

21、ge and provide courses of it. as a result, no one willface a language issue. 可知通”过学习一种共同的语言来解决语言问题。故选a。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解the influence of america is increasing in my country. spanish people drink coca cola, wear bluejeans, wa

22、tch hollywood movies, listen to american music, and eat fast food, and they do thesethings every day.i think that american movies are a good way to spread american culture because people areoften influenced by what they see in the movies. most of the programs and documentaries(记录片 ) we watch on tv a

23、re from america, and most of the movies we go to see are made inin the last few years, the government has tried to protect the spanish movies. now, in our cinemas, at least twenty percent of the movies which are shown must be from spain or from other countries in europe.american culture is a part of

24、 spanish life now. its certain that many things from america are as much a part of peoples lives as spanish things. for example, coca cola is as familiar to everybodyas any typical spanish product. ive known about coca cola for my whole life.however, its different with western fast food. for example

25、, i dont think mcdonalds is as successful in spain as it is in other countries. in my opinion, one of the reasons may be the lifestyle of the spanish people, the spanish people normally eat at home.on the other hand, maybe mcdonalds hamburgers will eventually replace the famous spanishtapas. its tru

26、e that in every city in spain you can find a mcdonalds, and it is more popular amongthe spanish children than among the adults. in any case, its obvious that american culture isbecoming more and more a part of our lives every day.（1） from the first paragraph we can know that.a. the influence of amer

27、ica on spain can be found everywhere.b. most spanish people dontlike to listen to their own music,c. fast food spreads from spain to the united states.d. some spanish actors go to america toimprove their acting skills.（ 2） what plays an important part in the spreading of american culture in spain?a.

28、 american novels.b. hollywood movies.c. mcdonald.d. american music.（ 3） why did the government set some rules for the films shown in spain?a. to protect foreign culture in spain.b. to earn more money from spanish films.c. to limit the number of foreign movie.d. to unite european communities.（ 4） wha

29、t do you think spanish tapas might be?a. the name of a drink.b. the name of a restaurant.c. a clothing brand.d. a certain kind of food.【答案】 （1） a（2） b（ 3） c（ 4） d【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了美国对作者家乡西班牙有很大的影响，美国人的饮食习惯。穿着习惯和生活习惯都极大影响了西班牙人。(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段可知，到处都可以发现美国对西班牙的影响。选a。(2)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ ithinkthat ame

30、rican movies are a good way to spreadamerican culture可知”，故答案选b。(3)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“ in the last few years, the government has tried to protectthe spanish movies. now, in our cinemas, at least twenty percent of the movies which are shown must be from spain or from other countries in europe. 可推断出，西班”牙政府

31、给在西班牙上演的电影制定一些规则是为了限制外国电影的数量，保护西班牙的电影。选c。(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的 “ on the other hand, maybe mcdonalds hamburgers will eventually replace the famous spanish tapas. 可”知，或许麦当劳的汉堡将最终取代著名的西班牙tapas，由此可推断tapas 指西班牙的一种食品。选d。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，并进一步根据上下文进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。4阅读理解spending

32、christmas in a foreign country can be a truly eye-opening experience, especially sinceits easy to believe that as a worldwide festival, most countries probably celebrate it in a fairlysimilar manner. being from the uk, christmas for me means spending time withfamily andfriends, exchanging presents,

33、eating and drinking, and, of course, hiding from the cold. incolombia, however, christmas is viewed much more as a time which devotes itself to religion.with celebrations beginning on 7 december, columbia is recognized as having the longest christmas celebrations period in the world. the celebration

34、s generally begin in the evening with the lighting of candles, either in the streets, parks or outside peoples homes. cities are lit up by candles, as this day marks the beginning of the christmas period. although decorations have been up since early november, another tradition in colombia is that d

35、uring the nine days before christmas, family members and friends meet up to pray, sing songs and share traditional foods at home.probably the biggest surprise for me has been the music people listen to during the christmas period. at first, you could easily mistake these songs for the classic salsa,

36、 which is played all year round. however, after asking a colombian if it really felt like christmas music, they explained to me that the songs are loved more for the memories they symbolize than for the way they sound, and that colombia has been through so many dark periods in history, it was import

37、ant to hold on to the good memories of years gone past.being in a country like colombia during this festive period has taught me that you dont need to be religious to take part in these christmas traditions.（ 1） whats the authors opinion of christmas? a.it isnt a global festival.b.it isnt a time for

38、 being alone.c.it is mainly devoted to religion.d.its celebrated only in some places.（ 2） what can we learn about the christmas music?（ 3） what do colombians do during the christmas celebration period?（ 4） colombians love the songs mainly because _.a.they sound extremely wonderfulb.they express best

39、 wishes for the futurec.they represent good memories of the pastd.they have been passed down for generations【答案】 （ 1） b（ 2） b（ 3） a（ 4） c【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在哥伦比亚圣诞节的意义及人们的庆祝方式。（ 1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ being from the uk, christmas for me means spendingtime with family and friends,exchanging presents, ea

40、ting and drinking, and, of course, hidingfrom the cold. 可”知在作者眼里，圣诞节意味着与家人和朋友共度时光，交换礼物，吃喝玩乐。圣诞节是团聚的时间不是独处的时间。故选b。（ 2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ in colombia, however, christmas is viewed much moreas a time which devotes itself toreligion. 可知”在哥伦比亚，圣诞节更多的是作为宗教节日被庆祝的，故选 b。（ 3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ anothertradition in c

41、olombia is that duringthe ninedays before christmas, familymembers and friends meet up to pray, sing songs and sharetraditional foods at home.可知在哥”伦比亚，家人和朋友团聚祈祷，唱歌，共享传统食物。故选 a。（ 4）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“ the songs are loved more for the memories theysymbolize than for theway they sound, and that colombia ha

42、s been through so many darkperiods in history, it was important to hold on to the good memories of years gone past.可知哥”伦比亚圣诞音乐让人喜爱是因为它们所象征的记忆，是要保持对过去岁月的美好记忆。故选 c。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。5阅读理解our aim is to take our art to the world and make people unders

43、tand what it is to move, saiddavid belle, the founder of parkour.do you love running? it is a good exercise, yet many people find it boring. but what if makingyour morning jog a creative one? like jumping from walls and over gaps, and ground rolls? justlike james bond in the moviecasino royale? bond

44、 jumps down from a roof to a windowsill andthen runs several blocks over obstacles on the way. it is just because of bonds wonderfulperformances that the sport has become popular worldwide.yes, thats parkour, an extreme street sport aimed at moving from one point to another asquickly as possible, ge

45、tting over all the barriers in the path using only the abilities of the humanbody. parkour is considered an extreme sport. as its participants dash around a city, they mayjump over fences, run up walls and even move from rooftop to rooftop.parkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds, b

46、ut its participants see parkour much more than that.overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of the philosophy behind parkour. this is the same as life. you must determine your destination, go straight, jump over all the barriers as if in parkour and never fall back in your lif

47、e, to reach the destination successfully. a parkour lover said, i love parkour because its philosophy has become my life, my way to do everything.another philosophy weve learnt from parkour is freedom. it can be done by anyone, at any time, anywhere in the world. it is a kind of expression of trust

48、in yourself.（1） parkour has become popular throughout the world because of.a.its founder, david belleb.the varieties of participantsc.its risks and tricksd.the film, casino royale（ 2） the underlined word obstacles in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .a.streetsb.objectsc.roofsd.barriers（ 3） which

49、 of the following is the philosophy of parkour?（ 4） which of the following is true of parkour? a.it is a team sport.b.it is a good but boring sport.c.it needs special training.d.it challenges human abilities.【答案】 （ 1） d（ 2） d（ 3） b（ 4） d【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了跑酷运动的起源、特点和此运动蕴含的哲理。（ 1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的 jus

50、t likeamesj bond in the movie casino royale? bondjumps down from a roof to a windowsill and then runs several blocks over obstacles on the way.itis just because of bonds wonderfulperformancesthatthe sporthas become popularworldwide.可”知因为james bond 在电影 casino royale 中的精彩跑酷表演使得这项运动在全世界流行，故选d。（ 2）考查词义猜

51、测。根据第三段中的“ thats parkour, an extremestreetsportaimedatmoving from one point to another as quickly as possible, getting over all the barriers in the pathusing only the abilities of the human body. 可”知跑酷的目的是尽可能快地从一个地方移动到另一个地方，利用人体的能力越过道路上的所有障碍。画线部分over obstacles on theway.与 getting over all the barrie

52、rs inthe path 意思一致，指跨越路上的障碍。obstacles 与barriers 同义，故选 d。（ 3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“ overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in lifeis part of the philosophy behind parkour. this is the same as life. you must determineyourdestination, go straight, jump over all the barriers 可”知跑酷蕴含的哲理是决心；第六段中的“ anothe

53、r philosophy weve learnt from parkour is freedom. 可知蕴含的另一个”哲理是自由。故选 b。（ 4）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的 “ parkouris considered an extreme sport. ；”第四段中的“parkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds. 可知跑酷是”极限运动，像听起来那样刺激和迷人。因此它挑战人类的能力。故选d。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系

54、，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。6阅读短文，从短文后每题所给的a、 b、 c 和 d 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。over the years, cheerleading has taken two primary forms: game-time cheerleading and competitive cheerleading. game-time cheerleaders main goal is to entertain the crowd and lead them with team cheers, which should not be considered a sport. however, competitive cheerleading is more than a form of entertainment. it is really a competitive sport.competitive cheerleading includes lots of physical activity. the majority of the teams require a certain level of tumbling (翻腾 ) ability. its a very common thing for gymnasts, so its easy for