Unit-3-Could-you-please-tell-me-where-the-restrooms-are-重点知识归纳解析

1、Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? 重点知识归纳解析【重点单词】1. beside prep. 在旁边，在附近； 2. pardon interj. 请再说一遍，对不起3. rush v&n. 仓促，急促；4. suggest v. 建议，提议； 5. staff n.管理人员，职工；6. central adj. 中心的，中央的； 7. mail v. 邮寄；发电子邮件； 8. east adj. 东方的；9. fascinating adj. 迷人的， 极有吸引力的 10. convenient adj. 便利的

2、，方便的 11. polite adj. 有礼貌的； 12. direct adj. 直接的 13 request n&v. 要求，请求 14. correct adj. 正确的。 15. course n. 课程，学科【重点词组】1. turn left 向左转2. get a pair of shoes 买一双鞋子3. on one s right 在某人的右边4. go along Main Street 沿着主大街走5. have dinner 吃饭6. go to the third floor 去三楼7. go past the bookstore 走过书店8. a room fo

3、r resting 休息室9. be special about. . 有独特之处10. pardon me 请再说一次11. come on 过来;加油12. hold one s hand 抓住某人的手13. one one s way to. 在去.的路上14. pass by 路过15. a rock band 摇滚乐队16. something to eat 一些吃的东西17. mail a letter 寄信18. in the shopping center 在购物中心19. in some situations 在某些场合20. such as 例如21. lead in to

4、 a request 引人一个请求22. use proper language 使用合适的语言23. park one s car 停车24. an underground parking lot地下停车库25. change money 换钱26. the way to. 去.的路27. travel to.28. thank sb. for doing sth. 为感谢某人29. look forward to.期盼30 meet sb. for the first time 第一次见到某人31in a rush to do sth. 仓促地做某事32. be convenient to

5、 do sth. 做某事很方便【重点句型】1. notuntilYou never know until you try something.凡事只有亲身经历了才能了解。2. It seems (that)It seems a rock band plays there every evening.那里好像每天晚上都有乐队演奏。3_ do you know.Excuse me, do you know where I can buy some medicine?打扰了，请问哪里能买到药？4. Could you please tell me. ?Could you please tell me

6、 how to get to the post office?你能告诉我去邮局怎么走吗？5 .1 wonder.I wonder where we should go next.我想知道接下来该去哪里。6. sb. suggest+ 从句The clerk suggests they go to the. museum.工作人员建议他们去博物馆。【单元重点语法】直接引语变间接引语（一）直接引语变为间接引语时的变化: 1 .人称的变化规律：一随主，二随宾，三不变2. 时态的变化规律：（1）如果主句的谓语动词为一般现在时，直接引语变间接引语时，宾语从句的谓语动词的时态不变。 如：He says ,

7、 “ I like math.” -He says that he likes math.（2）如果主句的谓语动词为一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，宾语从句的谓语动词的时态要用过去时态的某一种（一般过去时，过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时，即：am / is 变was ; are 变were; do /does变did ; will 变would ; can 变could; did 不变或变had done; have/ has done 变had done ）注意：当直接引语是真理和事实时，变间接引语时时态不变。（二）直接引语变间接引语变法如下：1. 直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时用t

8、hat，that可以省略。引号外面的said to sb 要改为told sb ; 引号外面只有said时，保持不变。如：He said , “I like it very much.”- He said that he liked it very much.练习 He said to me , “I will learn math well. ” He_ _ that _ _learn math well. 2. 直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时用if / whether, 变为陈述句语序。引号外的said to sb 要改为asked sb, 引号外面只有said时,said改为ask

9、ed ,可以加一个me。 如“He said, “ Are you interested in Chinese?” He asked me if I was interested in Chinese. 练习： She said to Tom ,” Do you work in the school?” She _ _ _ _ _ in the school.3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时仍用原来的疑问词引导，变为陈述句语序。引号外的said to sb要改为asked sb, 引号外面只有said时,said改为asked ,可以加一个me。如： He said to me, “

10、 What can I do for you?” He asked me what he could do for me. 练习：He said to Tom, “How do you find it?” He _ _ _ _ _it以上三种变化就是变成宾语从句。4. 直接引语是祈使句：1) 肯定的祈使句，变为间接引语时，去掉引号，在动词前加to ,引号外的said to sb 要改为told / asked sb. 即构成：told/asked sb to do sth结构。 如：She said to her son, “ Open the door.” -She told her son

11、 to open the door. 练习：He said to me, “ Listen to me carefully.” He _ _ _ _to _ carefully.2) 否定的祈使句，变为间接引语时，去掉引号，把后面的dont 改为not to. 引号外的said to sb 要改为told / asked sb.，即构成：told/asked sb not to do sth结构。 如：She said to her son, “ Dont open the door.” She told her son not to open the door. 练习：He said to

12、me, “Dont sing in class.” He _ _ _ _ _in class.巩固练习：将所给直接引语变为间接引语：1. She said to us , “ I has been to New York.” She _ _that _ _ been to New York.2. We said to them, “ Have you learned French?” We _ _ _ _ _ learned French. 3. They said to us, “When do you do homework?” They asked _ _ _do homework.4.

13、 “Keep quiet, children.” he said. He _ the children _ _ quiet. 5. “Dont look out of the window,” she said to me. She _me _ _ _ out of the window.6. The teacher said, “The sun is bigger than the moon.”The teacher _ that the sun _ bigger than the moon.【重点解析】Section A（1a 2d）a. 词汇包pardon vt. 宽恕；原谅；赦免；劳驾

14、 n. 饶恕，原谅； 【备课例句】-Will you let me open it?我能打开它吗？ Pardon?请再说一遍 Can I open it? 我能打开它吗【横向辐射】pardon/excuse me/sorry 的区别1excuse me：虽然可以译为“对不起”，但它实际上是一种礼貌的语言形式，主要表达讲话者对受话者的敬重。下列场合较为常见：(1)向陌生人问路，要引起对方的注意时，请求别人帮忙时。如：Excuse me, can you tell me where the post office is?(2)需要打断别人的谈话，或要对别人刚讲的内容提出反对意见时，为了不显得粗鲁无

15、礼，常用excuse me。如：Excuse me, may I get in a word?(3)因故中途离席是中断和别人的谈话时。如：Excuse me, but I must go home now2sorry：常用于表示“对不起”和“遗憾”两种意思，往往带有较浓的“赔不是”的色彩。多见于下列场合：(1)由于不小心撞着别人或踩了别人的脚。如：Oh, sorry, did I step on your foot?(2)因讲话不当或行为失误而道歉。如：Im sorry, I dont mean to say it(3)因不能帮助别人做某事而道歉。如：Sorry, I dont know it

16、 exactly(4)听到某种不幸消息而表示遗憾。如：Tom is about to dieI am sorry to hear that(5)当你不愿说不明确的事或不礼貌的事时。如：Im probably not making myself clear, sorry(6)准备拒绝别人的要求，反对别人做某事时。如：Sorry, I dont agree with youExcuse me通常在说或做可能令人不悦的事情之前使用；而Sorry在说或做这种事情之后使用，表示歉意。3 I beg your pardon可用于（正式场合）：做错事道歉；谈话中提出异议以前；没听清对方的话，希望他重复一遍时

17、（可说 Beg pardon或 Pardon，可用问号，说时用升调）；（以不友好的语气说）不相信对方的话是真实的；例如：I beg your pardon but that is my coat对不起，可那是我的上衣呀。-The third answer is B第三个答案是 B。-I beg your pardon（Beg pardon Pardon）对不起，请再说一遍好吗？【课堂变式】Please dont throw paper on the ground. _，I wont. A. Excuse me B. Thats all right C. Sorry D. It doesnt m

18、atter【解析】考查日常交际用语。Excuse me意为“打扰了”；Thats all right意为“不用谢”；Sorry意为“对不起”；It doesnt matter意为“没关系”。根据句意为“对不起，我不会的”。所以选择C。b. 句式包：1. Excuse me, do you know where I can get some postcard? 请问，你知道我在哪 买到明信片吗？ 本句是问路或问处所的常用语，通常应先说excuse me，以引起对方注意，也表示尊重对方。Excuse me. Could you tell me where Xianfeng Middle Schoo

19、l is?打扰了。请问先锋中学在哪儿？【横向辐射】问路的表示法英语中表达问路或处所的句式有不少，下面介绍几种常用的问路的方法。试译：打扰了。请问去书店怎么走？Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the bookshop?Excuse me. Could you tell me how I can get to the bookshop?Excuse me. Could you tell me how to get to the bookshop?Excuse me. Could you tell me where the bookshop is?Ex

20、cuse me. Which is the way to the bookshop, please?Excuse me. Wheres the bookshop, please?Excuse me. How can I get to the bookshop, please?【课堂变式】_, please. Could you tell me which BRT I can take to get to Jinan Railway Station?Take No .15 bus and transfer to No B1 BRT. A. Excuse me B .Yes C. Sure D.

21、Hello【解析】考查交际用语。由答语中“Take No .15 bus and transfer to No B1 BRT .(乘15路汽车)可知，问句是说话人在向别人打听乘车路线。在向别人求助时，常用Excuse me(对不起，打扰了；劳驾)。故答案非A莫属。其他三项都与题意不符，故都被排除，所以选择A。Section A（3a 3c）a. 词汇包：suggest v. 建议，提议；【备课例句】Myfathersuggestedcallingforadoctoratonce. 父亲建议马上请个医生。【横向辐射】suggest的具体用法一、 有建议的意思. 1) 接名词作宾语 She sug

22、gested an early start. 她建议早一点出发. 2) 接动名词作宾语 I suggested putting off the sports meet. 我建议将运动会延期. 3) 接that 宾语从句,that从句用should+动词原形,should可以省略. She suggested that the class meeting (should) not be held on Saturday. 她建议班会不要在星期六举行. 4) 接动词不定式复合宾语 I suggested him giving up the foolish idea. 我建议他放弃那愚蠢的念头. 二

23、、 有提出的意思.He suggested a different plan to his boss. 他向老板提出了一个不同的计划. 三、 有暗示、表明的意思.其主语是事物,而不是人. 1)接名词或动名词作宾语. Her pale face suggested bad health.她脸色苍白,看来身体不好. The thought of summer suggests swimming. 一想到夏天就使人们联想到游泳. 2)接宾语从句,从句用陈述语气.如: The decision suggested that he might bring his family. 这个决定表明他可以把家属

24、带来. 四、 在主语从句It is suggested that. 及名词suggestion 后面表示具体建议的表语从句、同位语从句都应用should+动词原形,should可以省略.如: It was suggested that we (should) give a performance at the party. 人们建议我们在晚会上表演节目. 【课堂变式】The old suggests _back the food to these villagers. A. give B. to give C. giving D. given【解析】suggest接动名词作宾语 表示建议做某事

25、，故选B。b. 句式包：1. I wonder where we should go next?我想知道我们接着去哪儿？此句是由where 引导的特殊疑问句作宾语从句。【备课例句】 Can you tell me where we will have a picnic?你能告诉我我们将在哪进行野餐吗？【横向辐射】宾语从句用法小结宾语从句用法小结(一)、宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：1. 由that引导的宾语从句。如：We knew（that）we should learn from each other.2. 由if/whether引导的宾语从句。如：Please tell me i

26、f/whether you have been to America.3. 由who，where，how等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office？(二)、宾语从句的语序 陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：He is an honest boy. The teacher said. The teacher said（that）he was an honest boy. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序 。如：Does he work hard？I w

27、onder I wonder if/whether he works hard.When did he leave？I dont know. I dont know when he left.(三)、宾语从句的时态 如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如： I have heard（that）he will come back next week. 如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。如：He said（that）there were no classes yesterday.注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句

28、都要用一般现在时。如：He said that light travels much faster than sound.（四）、两副面孔if和when既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导宾语从句如：If it rains tomorrow，I wont come.（时间状语从句）I dont know if it will rain tomorrow. （宾语从句）（五）、从句的简化1. 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：She found that the wallet lay/was l

29、ying on the ground. She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.2. 当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：She agreed that she could help me with my math. She agreed to help me with my math.3. 在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词不定式”结构。如：Can you tell

30、me how I can get to the station？Can you tell me how to get to the station【课堂变式】1. Have you ever seen the movie 2012? Yes, but I dont believe_ the year 2012 will see the end of the world. A. that B. what C. how D. if 【解析】此题考查引导词。从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。故选A。2The policewoman asked the little

31、boy _. A. where did he live B. where he lived C. where he lives D. where does he lives【解析】此题考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述句语序，主句是一般过去时，从句需用过去范畴的时态，故选B。2. You never know until you try something.只有尝试了才会知道。此句是由until引导的状语从句，not(never) until 从句意为“直到才”。引导时间状语从句。【备课例句】I didnt know the truth until I saw with my own eyes.只到

32、我亲眼所见我才知道事情的真相。【横向辐射】until的句型until的句型1.肯定句(延续性动词）+until+句子.I will wait until he returns.我一直等他回来.肯定句（延续性动词）+until+名词或名词短语.I waited for him until 12 oclock.我一直等他到12点。2.否定句（瞬间动词）+until+句子.My motherhad no idea of it untilI told her.我妈妈只到我告诉她才知道这事。否定句（瞬间动词）+until+名词或名词短语.I wont leave until 12 oclock.到12点

33、我才会离开。3.not.until强调句结构：It is/was not until +从句/表时间词语+that +肯定句.It was not until I told her that my mother had any idea of it.只到我告诉她，我妈妈才知道这事。4.not.until倒装句(否定句才能倒装，因为具有否定意义的词或短语在句首，句子部分倒装）结构：Not until+从句/表时间词语+主句（倒装）Not until 12 oclock will I leave.不到12点，我不会离开。【课堂变式】-Look! Here comes our school bus.

34、 -No hurry. Dont get on it _it has stopped. A. until B. after C. since D. when 解析句中有dont，可想notuntil为固定结构，意为“直到才”。答案ASection B（2a 2e）a.词汇包1.polite adj. 有礼貌的；有教养的，文雅的； 可用作表语和定语，反义词：rude, impolite; 副词：politely; 常用搭配有：be polite to sb; its polite to do sth【备课例句】We should be polite to the old man.我们应对老人有礼貌。【课堂变式】I think it is _ you to give your seat to the old man on the bus.A. good of B. kind for C. polite of D. polite for 【解析】介词of用于代词前表示某人的品质，for表示对某人的利益关系。由句意可知，把座位让给老人，说明你的人品好。故选C。2. depend v.动词；依靠；依赖；信赖；决定于表示“视而定；取决于”，也是不及物词后接宾语时常与on或upon连用。值得注意的是，dependon/upon