自考高级英语

1、自考高级英语lesson 1 rock superstar1.摇滚乐于20世纪50年代末举起于美国. 它不仅是一种新型的音乐形式,更是美国的青年人表达他们对世界和人生看法的论坛。 在这个论坛上, 歌星们唱出了青年人对民权/战争与和平的态度, 唱出了他们对社会的不满，也唱出了爱与恨之间的各种情感. 总之, 在这个论坛上， 青年人把他们对美国社会的信仰及情感给以全新的解释. 早期的摇滚乐的主要代表人物有艾尔维斯.普雷斯利，歌星加诗人鲍勃.狄伦/甲壳虫乐队以及滚石乐队等等。他们都是青年人崇拜的文化英雄。rock music began in america in the late 1950s 。 i

2、t was not only a new musical form , but a forum for the american youth to express their ideas of the world and life 。 in this forum ， the stars sang out the attitudes of the youth towards civil rights , war and peace ，the disaffection of their society ， and a range of emotions between love and hate

3、。 allin all ， in this forum ， the american youth redefined the beliefs and feelings of their society . the typical representatives of the early rock music were elvis presley ， singer and poet bob dylan ， the bealtles , the rolling stones and so on . they were the culture heroes whom the young people

4、 worshipped . 2。do you agree that rock is the music of teenage rebellion ?rock music began in america in the late 1950s 。 it was not only a new musical form , but a forum for the american youth to express their ideas of the world and life .music expressed its times . rock music was a sociological ex

5、pression rather than a musical force 。 it embodied the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s. at that time young people might be dissatisfied with the society or they had some hatred toward the adult world , but they could not protest it openly . so they would use music as an outlet 。 then they cou

6、ld get some balance in their minds 。 another aspect is that the young people could make their ideas and beliefs known to the world through music . by music ， they could show their felling and dreams . so all in all , young people combined invention and exaggeration ，reason and motion , word and soun

7、d , music and politics as a whole 。lesson 2 four choices for young people60年代的美国青年是反叛的一代。 他们看到美国这个富裕社会充满了贫困/不平等和虚伪.他们不再相信这个不属于他们的成人社会, 拒绝信奉它的信仰和价值观。 很多青年人积极投入到反对贫困/反对种族歧视和反对越南战争的斗争中去 ，有些青年人甚至试图以武装革命的方式推翻这个社会. 还有很多青年人以消极的方式表示他们的不满。 他们吸毒,过着不承担任何社会责任的寄生生活, 或者跑到未开垦的乡村去， 过着原始公社式的生活. the american young pe

8、ople in 1960s were a generation of rebellion . they found that the affluent american society was filled with poverty ， injustice and gypocrisy . they didnt trust the adult world that didnt belong to them and refused to take their beliefs and values 。 many young people took active part in the struggl

9、e which protested against poverty ， racial discrimination and vietnam war 。 some young people even tried to overthrow this world by armed revolution. many other young took passive ways to show their disaffections . they took drugs , refused to take any responsibilities and lived a parasitic way of l

10、ife . or they escaped to the frontiers and lived a primitive way of life 。my comment on the fourth choice the fourth comment is to change the world gradually , one clod at a time 。 maybe at the first glance it is not inviting . it lacks glamour 。 it has no quick result 。 it demands patience 。 it dep

11、ends on the exasperating and uncertain instruments of persuasion and democratic decision making . i think the author is right . reforming the world is a little like fighting a military campaign in the apennines , as soon as you capture one mountain range， another one looms just ahead . the problems

12、are the same , too. once some problems are brought under some kind of rough control ， new problems take place . so we cant solve all the problems at a time . we have to deal with one problem each time and change the world gradually and steadily . so problems can be handled in the same way that hard

13、problems have been coped with before piecemeal , pragmatically ，by the dogged efforts of many people . so i think in this particular time and place the fourth choice offers a better chance for remedying some of the world s outrages than any other available starategy 。lesson three the use of force玛蒂尔

14、达病了三天了，母亲给她吃了药也不见好， 只好请来了医生。由于玛蒂尔达的学校里有学生患白喉，而且已经有两个孩子死去,医生到奥尔逊家后首先要检查玛蒂尔达的喉咙。但是无论怎么劝，她就是不肯张开嘴,于是医生只得用压舌板伸进她的嘴里。 然而玛蒂尔达竟然把压舌板咬碎了.为了保护玛蒂尔达本人及其他的儿童,医生必须弄清玛蒂尔达是否患了白喉，以便给予及时的治疗.于是他让玛蒂尔达的父亲抓紧她的手腕,自己用力掰开了玛蒂尔达的嘴，发现她果然得了白喉。这个故事使我们想到这样一个问题,生活中有的事不能全靠自愿，在有的情况下, 一定的强迫似乎是必要的. mathilda had been ill for three day

15、s . her mother had given her some medicine， but it didnt do any good 。 so they had to ask the doctor to come . there had been a number of cases of diphtheria in mathildas school and two of them had been dead . when the doctor arrived at olsons home ， he wanted to examine mthildas throat first . but

16、no matter how he coaxed ,，she wouldnt open her mouth . so the doctor had to get the tongue depressor into her mouth . but mathilda reduced it to splinters . in order to protect mathilda herself and other children , the doctor had to make sure whether she had diphtheria or not , so that he could trea

17、t her in time . letting mathilda s father hold her wrists he tried his best to open her mouth and found she really had diphtheria。 this story made us can think such a question that something in life cant only depend on self willingness . under some circumstances ， certain force seems necessary .comm

18、ent on the doctors behaviorafter the doctor arrived at the girls home ， he wanted to see her throat 。 as there had been a number of cases of diphtheria in the school to which the girl went during that month ， the doctor also thought that of the girl . so he smiled to the girl and asked her to open h

19、er mouth and let him have a look at her throat . no matter how the doctor coaxed , the girl shut her mouth firmly . thinking that the girl might have diphtheria and possibly die of it ， the doctor decided to use force to open her mouth . he had seen at least two children lying dead in bed of neglect

20、 in such cases . he felt that he must get a diagnosis now 。 so he grasped the girls head with his left hand and tried to get the wooden tongue depressor between her teeth . but when the doctor got the wooden spatula behind her last teeth . she gripped the blade between her molars and reduced it to s

21、plinters . in the final unreasoning assault the doctor outerpowered the girl 。 he forced the heavy silver spoon back of her teeth and down her throat till she gagged . her both tonsils were covered with membrane. from that the doctor had done ， i thought he was a responsible person 。 in order to sav

22、e the lives of the patients ， especially those children who did not know how to cooperate with the doctor ,he had to take some measure 。 otherwise a good or suitable time of treatment would be missed .lesson four die as you choose 现在迫切需要制定有关安乐死的法律。大多数国家禁止安乐死。在这些国家医生只能偷偷地给病人实施安乐死。但是,也有的国家公开实施安乐死，例如荷兰

23、。越来越多的国家目前正在就安乐死的合法性展开辩论。当一个病人长期遭受疾病的折磨而又无治愈的希望时, 为什么要让他继续痛苦下去呢？为什么不能用安乐死来结束他的痛苦?但是，如果安乐死合法化，也存在一种危险-有人会利用安乐死进行谋杀.总之，安乐死是一个不能回避的问题. the need for laws on euthanasia cant be dodged for much longer 。 euthanasia is a taboo in most countries 。 in these countries doctors can only practise it secretly . bu

24、t it is openly practiced in some countries ， such as holland . right now more and more countries are going over the arguments about legalizing euthanasia . when a patient suffers from illness for a long time and there is no hope of curing it , why do we let him polong the throes ?why cant we practis

25、e euthanasia to stop the throes ？but if we legalize euthanasia ， there will be a danger someone may use it for killing . all in all , euthanasia is question we cant dodge 。 how is euthanasia handled in different countries ?in holland ， mercy-killing is accepted by the medical establishment and openl

26、y practiced a few thousand times each year . the government has rules for euthanasia and so doctors can police it effectively 。 but in america ， britain and many other countries , euthanasia is condemned by the medical establishment ， secretly practiced many times more often ， and almost never comes

27、 to light 。 now it is going over the arguments about euthanasia once again 。 the doctors in america can rarely discuss euthanasia openly with patients -even when those patients beg them for it -doctors tend to kill only when the dying are too far gone to consent 。 the doctors have to make decision t

28、hemselves . that is one price of keeping euthanasia secnet 。 fortunately most american states have “livingwill legislation that proteets doctors from prosecution it they do not try to save someone who has said he does not want life prolonged 。 some people suggest legalizing euthanasia . but other pe

29、ople worry that if government permit the doctors to comply with a dying mans request in prescribed set of circumstances ， it might pose dangers for society by setting a precedent for killing . but if the government set up some rules , there will be no problems . in holland , the tenacious respect fo

30、r individual liberty stop them killing healthy people but lets them help dying people 。lesson five id rather be black than female美国妇女对美国的发展做出了重要贡献， 但她们却一直受到各种形式的性别歧视。政治上,她们做的是那些乏味却又决定决定选举胜败的琐碎事, 很少有机会升到高层职位, 得到好处的是男人。 经济上， 大部分妇女做的是那些工资低和没有前途的工作, 她们的工资也永远低于做同样工作的男人. 很多美国人不承认这是歧视妇女,说这只是 社会分工的不同。很多妇女甚至

31、也满足于自己作为次等公民的角色。 所以作者说， 妇女要获得真正的平等将是一场长期而艰巨的斗争。 the american women made great contributions to the nations development , but they received different forms of prejudices because of their sex . in politics ， they did all the tedious details that made the differene between victory and defeat on electio

32、n day and seldom had the chance to reach a better position , while the men reaped the rewards 。 in economy ， most women did the lowerpaying and dead end jobs and they were paid less than the men for the same job . many american people didnt admit it was prejudice against women . they said it was onl

33、y a different division of labour in society . even many women were content with their roles as second-class citizens 。 so the author said it was a long painful struggle for the women to get real equality why does the author say that america needs more women in politics ?the author is the first black

34、 woman elected to congress 。 in her opinion , being black is much less of a drawback than being female 。 very few woman works in political world in american 。most women predominate in the lower -paying , menial ， unrewarding , dead -end jobs 。 the author thinks more women are needed in politics 。 th

35、ere are many problems that need women to solve。 in this rich nation there are many children going to be hungry 。there is not enough good schools for every child 。 the government spend the wealth on hardware to murder people 。 the people have prejudice against minorities 。.and there are unfair housin

36、g and unfair employment practices in america 。 these are the problems that need to be solved in this country . so the author thinks the american political world needs more women because women can make special contributions . women can bring empathy ， tolerance ,insight ， patience and persistence to

37、government . the women of a nation mold its morals , its religion , and its politics by the lives they live 。 so the country needs womens idealism and determination lesson six a good chance当我得知喜鹊获得了加利福尼亚一所大学的奖学金, 可以到大学的艺术学院去学习的时候, 我为他感到十分高兴。我知道他一直想成为一名诗人, 我也知道他很有才能。 对他来说,这个机会太好了. 因此我回到鸦溪,要把好消息告诉他,让他

38、填一些表格。我在他家里没有找到他。 他的妻子说他们已经分居了, 只听说他在钱柏林. 于是我又去找赛利娜， 让她帮我找到喜鹊.赛利娜说喜鹊在被捕入狱后有了很大的变化， 她认为他对上白人的大学已经不感兴趣了。 但我说喜鹊应该知道这个消息， 由他自己决定是否去上大学. 她同意了, 带我去找他的好朋友埃尔吉。 但当我终于就要见到喜鹊时, 他已被警察开枪打死了。 when i knew magpie got a scholarship of a california university and could go to the fine arts school to study , i was very

39、 pleased for him . i knew he wanted to become a poet all the time. i also knew he had a good talent . it was a very good chance for him 。 so i went back to crow creek to tell him about the good news and let him fill out some papers 。 but i didnt find him at his home 。 his wife said they had not been

40、 together for a while and only heard he was in chamberlain 。 then i went for salina and asked her to help me find magpie . salina said magpie had changed a lot since he was taken into prison . she thought he was not interested in going to the university of white people 。 but i said magpie had a righ

41、t to know this news and make the decision whether to go or not by himself . she agreed and took me to his good friend , elgie . but when i could really see magpie at last , he had been shot by the police 。what do the people in the story think of magpie s opportunity of study in the university ？why ?

42、the narrator has got some good news for magpie . he has his poems and a letter of acceptance from a university in california where they want him to come and participate in the fine arts program they have started for indians 。 so first the narrator goes to magpies wife 。 she thinks magpie would not g

43、o to california because he is happy now and he is in good spirits ， handsome and free and strong 。 she thinks he no longer needs the things that people like the narrator want him to need。 then the narrator goes to salina . she doesnt think he has those worthless , shitty dreams anymore 。. after the

44、narrator insists magpie have the right to know ， she leads him to see magpies best friend elgie 。 at first elgie doesnt think magpie would go 。 but the narrator insists that it be a chance for him to study , to write and that should be a satisfying isolation 。 then elgie changes his mind . he also t

45、hinks it is good for magpie because he needs some relief from this constant surveillance , constant checking up . so he admits to let the narrator see magpie . but before the narrator sees magpie , he has been shot 。lesson seven miss bill布里尔小姐是一个生活在法国海滨城市的英国人。 她年老而贫穷。 每个星期日下午她都到公园去。 她总是坐在同一张凳子上， 听周围

46、的人谈天， 或看展现在她眼前的别人的生活. 那个星期日下午她突然产生了一种感觉， 觉得自己是这个集体中的一部分， 觉得生活犹如一部戏剧, 她在其中也扮演着自己的角色. 这时， 孤独感开始离开了她. 然而正在此时她听到一对年轻人以轻蔑的口气谈论她. 男青年甚至低声叫她走开。 短暂的幸福感消失了。 她怀着一颗破碎的心回到家中. miss brill was an english who lived in a coastal city in france 。 she was old and poor . she would go to the park on every sunday afterno

47、on . she always sat on the same bench ， listening people around her talk ， or watching other peoples lives in front of her 。 she suddenly had a feeling on that sunday afternoon . she felt the life was like a play and she was one part of the community . she had a part in the performance 。 at this tim

48、e , the feeling of loneliness began to escape her 。 but just at this time she heard a couple of young people talk about her with contempt 。 even the young man asked her to leave in a low voice 。 the short feeling of happiness disappeared . she went home with a broken heart 。a description of miss bri

49、ll miss brill taught some english pupils an sunday afternoons 。 she also read the newspaper for an old man four afternoons a week while he slept in the garden。 she also had a habit of going to the park every sunday afternoon 。 the band played all the year round on sundays。 she liked sitting on the b

50、ench and watching the people around her。 this sunday only two people shared her “special “seat 。 they did not speak。 this was disappointing ， for miss brill always looked forward to the conversations. fortunately there was always the crowd to watch . this sunday she had a special feeling . it was li

51、ke a play and they were all on the stage . they were not only the audience ， but they were acting 。 she was part of the performance . that was why she started from home at just the same time each week so as not to be late just the same time each week so as not to be late for the performance . just a

52、t that moment a boy and a girl came and sat down where the old couple had been . they regarded miss brill as the stupid old thing . they said not one wanted her silly old mug and her fur was like a fried whiting， although it was carefully chose for this sunday 。 miss brill was very unhappy and angry

53、 . it was a blow to her 。 so she returned home 。 she went into the little dark room and sat down on the red eiderdown for a long time , with tears coming down her face 。 lesson eight a lesson in living 人类创造了语言， 使语言成为人与人进行交流的工具. 口头语言和书面语言一个不同之处在于口头语言能用声音表达字所具有的细微的意义差别。 弗劳尔斯朗读双城记时就像是在唱歌， 好听极了. 她的朗读使我认

54、识到语言的神奇.弗劳尔斯太太送给我小说和诗集。 我从这些书中学到了人生的价值， 认识到了文学作品的语言是多么美。 man created language . it was mans way of communicating with his fellow man 。 the difference between oral and written language was that oral language could take the human voice to infuse it with the shades of deeper meaning 。 flowers was nearl

55、y singing when she read a tale of two cities . it sounded beautiful 。 her reading made me realize the wonder of language。 mrs. flowers gave me novels and poems 。 i learned value of life from these books and realized how beautiful the language of literature works was 。the lesson mrs. flowers teaches

56、marguerite for nearly a year , marguerite stopped round the house , the store ， the school and the church 。 but everything changed when she met bertha flowers . mrs。 flowers was the aristocrat of black stamps . one summer afternoon , she stopped at the store to by provisions and then invited marguer

57、ite to the home . she prepared cookies and lemonade for her when they had a little chat 。 mrs。 flowers appealed to marguerite because she was one of the few gentlewomen and remained the measure of what a human being could be . she told marguerite that language was mans way of communicating with his

58、fellow man and language alone separated him from the lower animals 。 she said words might mean more than what was set down on paper and human voice could infuse them with deeper meaning . mrs 。 flowers also read a book for her . it was like poetry to her 。 she gave her some books and asked her to re

59、ad them aloud . mrs. flowers also taught her a lesson in living that day . she told her she should be intolerant of ignorance but understanding of illiteracy 。 she encouraged marguerite to listen carefully about what country people called mother wit 。 what mrs. flowers had done made a big difference 。 for the first time she realized she was liked and respected 。 she was happy that she was allowed and invited