被动语态讲解及练习.doc

1、被动语态（Passive Voice）【语态】(Voice)（主动语态和被动语态） 1、语态的分类：（1）主动语态：动作的执行者作主语。（2）被动语态：动作的承受者作主语。2、被动语态的动词特征：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词(简称：be + p.p.),变否疑。3、被动语态的时态：（1）一般现在时的被动语态： is/am/are + p.p. 否定：isnt/am not/arent +p.p.（2）一般过去时的被动语态： was/were + p.p. 否定：wasnt/werent + p.p.（3）一般将来时的被动语态： will+ be + p.p. 否定：wont be +p.p.

2、（4）情态动词的被动语态： must/can/may+ be + p.p.否定： mustnt/cant/may not + be +p.p. (5) 现在完成时的被动语态: have/has+been+p.p. 否定: havent/hasnt +been + p.p.（说明：以上5种为必须要掌握的形式，以下3种为了解的形式。）（6）现在进行时的被动语态： is/am/are + being + p.p.否定： isnt/am not/arent + being + p.p.（7）过去完成时的被动语态； had + been + p.p.否定：hadnt + been + p.p.（8）过去

3、将来时的被动语态： would + be + p.p.否定：wouldnt + be + p.p.e.g.,(1) The exercise must_(finish) today.(2) Football _(play) in the world.(3) My wallet_(steal) yesterday.(4) The bridge _(build)now.(5) The story_(read) by me for three weeks.4、被动语态的变化步骤：(1)划分主语、谓语和宾语(2)将主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语(3)将主动语态的动词变成be+p.p.形式（要保持原来

4、的时态形式）(注意动词的时态形式和主语的单数和复数形式)(4)将主动语态的主语变成“by+宾格”结构（可以省略） e.g. (1) People named the two pandas “Tuantuan” and “Yuanyuan”.(2) We will finish the work in two days.(3) We must protect forests.(4) I have kept the dog for two years. *(5)Did the dog eat the meat? *(6)Who has take the books away?Keys(参考答案):

5、(1) The two pandas were named “Tuantuan” and “Yuanyuan” (by people).(2)The work will be finished (by us) in two days.(3)Forests must be protected (by us).(4)The dog has been kept (by me) for two days.(5)Was the meat eaten by the dog?(6)Who(m) have the books been taken away by?5、不用被动语态动词：（1）have 有（2）

6、look,sound,smell,taste等连系动词（3）take place /happen（4）get to/arrive(at/in)/reach到达（5）rise升起,上升（6）ring(铃响)（7）begin/start开始（8）lie躺The book sells well.(这本卖得好)The meat cooks well.（8）return(回来，回归不用被动，归还可用被动语态)（9）leave(离开不用被动语态，留下/遗忘可用被动语态)e.g.(1)The idea _(sound) great. Lets go together.(2)The story _(happe

7、n) in USA ten years ago.(3)The Olympics_(take place) in Beijing in 2008.(4)The kind of bicycle_(sell) well.Keys(参考答案):(1)sounds(2)happened(3)took place(4)sells6、常用被动语态：（1）be located in(2)be covered with(3)be called （4）be made of(in/from)(5)be made up of(6)be asked to do sth(7)be invited to do sth (8

8、)be used for doing sth/to do sthe.g. (1)The streets _(cover) with snow because it_(snow) heavily last night.(2)We_(tell) to come to school yesterday.(3)Many friends _(invite) to my birthday part because it is my birthday tomorrow.Keys(参考答案):(1)was covered, snowed(2) were told(3) were invited7、动词不定式的

9、省to形式的被动语态：（变被动时，要还原to）make sb do sthbe made to do sth）see sb do sth/watch sb do sth/hear sb do sth/notice sb do sthe.g. (1) Floods made people leave their home.(被动语态)(2) Teachers made us_in the classroom, so we were made _our homework.A. stay, doB.to stay, doC.to stay, to do D.stay, to doKeys(参考答案)

10、:(1)People were made to leave their home (by floods).(2) D8、动词后面跟双宾语：( 人在物前不用介词，物在人前要用介词to或for) 只需将其中的一个宾语（要么人，要么物）变成被动语态的主语 注意:make/buy/draw常与for连用 e.g. make sth for sb/buy sth for sbe.g.(1)Uncle Li gave us a big dinner yesterday.We _ _ a big dinner _ Uncle Li yesterday.A big dinner_ _ _us _Uncle L

11、i yesterday.(2)Dad will buy me a present.I _ _ a present _ Dad.A present _ _ _ _ me _ Dad.Keys(参考答案):(1) were given, by ; was given to, by(2) will be bought, by ; will be bought for, by9、“动词+副词”或“动词+介词“结构 在变成被动语态后，介词或副词不能漏掉e.g. (1)We must look after our eyes.(2)How did you deal with the dog?Keys(参考答

12、案):(1) Our eyes must be looked after by us.(2) How was the dog dealt with by you?10、同步练习被动语态练习I. 选择最佳答案:( ) 1. English _ in Britain.A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken( ) 2. This popular song _ by us after class.A. often sings B. often sangC. is often sang D. is often sung( ) 3. This

13、 kind of bike _ in Germany.A. makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 4. New computers _ in our school.A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used( ) 5. Our flat must _ clean.A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep( ) 6. A new hospital _ at the corner of the street.A. is building B. is bei

14、ng built C. been built D. be building( ) 7. The key _ on the sofa when I left.A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left( ) 8. Doctors _ all over the world.A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need( ) 9. His new book_ next year.A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being p

15、ublished D. has been published( ) 10. French _ in every country.A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking( ) 11. These papers _ yet.A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written( ) 12. The sports meeting _ be held until next week.A. di

16、dnt B. wont C. isnt D. doesnt( ) 14. The two panda were taken to Taiwan _ us.A. forB. inC. toD. by( ) 15. The book _.A. sells goodB. sells wellC. is sold goodD. is sold well( ) 16. The broken bike_ here by Old Wang.A. can repair B. can be repaired C. can be repairing D. can repairing( ) 17. The jar

17、_ for _ hot water.A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is used; to keep D. are used; keep( ) 18. Cotton _ in the southeast of China.A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow( ) 19. The bridges_ a few years ago.A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built( ) 20.These babies _in the hospi

18、tal.A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C. take good care of D. take good care( ) 21. These bridges _stone.A. are made of B. made of C. are made into D. made into( ) 22. These books_ by the writer in the 1980s.A. are written B. were writtenC. are writing D. were writingII用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空

19、。1_this kind of car _(produce) in Shanghai?2The shop _ (close) at this time of day.3Some children _ (take ) good care by the nurse.4Some new houses _ (build) by the villagers themselves.5What language _ (speak) in Canada?6The colour TV _ (buy) in that shop three days ago.7The doctor said Jim must _

20、(operate ) on at once.8-“_the bridge _(repair) yet?”-“Yes. ” 9We are in Grade One this year, so we _ (teach ) physics next year.10-“Where _(be) you last night?”-“I_(ask) to help Tom at home”11The big tree _ (blow)down in the storm last night.12The Great Wall _ (know) all over the world.13_the film _

21、 (show) many times since last Sunday?14_the street lights usually _(turn) on at seven in summer evening?15Shanghai Museum _ (locate) in the centre of Shanghai.III 按要求改写句子1. Mr. Smith told us some customs of England. （改为被动语态） We _ _ some customs of England.2. You can keep the book for two weeks. （改为被动语态） The book can_ _ for two weeks.3. The recent tsunami killed over 140,000 people. （改为被动语态） Over 140,000 people _ _ by the recent tsunami.4. We should take good care of our desks. （改为被动语态） Our desks should _ _ good care of our desks.5. We will hold the meeting this afternoon. （改为