高三语法主谓一致 - 图文

1、高三语法主谓一致 - 图文 学员编号： 年 级： 高三 课 时 数： 3 学员姓名： 辅导科目： 英语 学科教师： 授课类型 授课日期及时段 教学内容 c 主谓一致（语法一致） c 主谓一致（意义一致，就近原则） t 综合提升 一、专题引入 （4 mins） 在正式上课之前，我们先来句子纠错，看看你是否细心，是否还记得我们之前学过的知识。 1. both boys has their own hobbies. 2. the class is busy writing english passages. 3. neither you nor i are wrong. 每个句子都有一个错误，错误点

2、在于句子谓语动词的使用上，你能找出来吗？ (校对答案：1. has- have 2. is are 3. are am 并请同学说明原因，考查这位同学是否掌握到位) 二、专题知识梳理 （20 mins） 知识点1：主谓一致三大考点 知识点2：语法一致 主语单复数决定谓语动词的单复数形式，即主语是单数，谓语用单数，主语是复数，谓语用复数。 例句：tow students are waiting for you in your office. 两名学生在办公室等你。 both girl are interested in listening to music. 两个女孩都对听音乐感兴趣。 情况 1

3、. 由连词and或 bothand连接的合成主语后面，用复数形式的谓语动词 2. either/neither/each/every one/ one等+of+复数名词做主语时，用单数形式的谓语动词 例句 1. lucy and lily are twins. 2. both she and he are young pioneers. 1. each of us has a new book. 2. neither of the two brothers lives with his parents. 3. one of the biggest cities in china is shan

4、ghai. 1. nothing is difficult in the world if you set your mind to it. 3. someone wants to see you. 1. to design new machines is his job. 2. playing with fire is dangerous. 3. 不定代词做主语，用单数形式的谓语动词 everybody, everyone, everything, anyone, anybody, no one, nothing, the other, either, neither 等 4. 动词不定式，

5、动名词短语做主语时，用单数形式的谓语动词 anything, someone, somebody, something, nobody, 2. everything is ready. 5. 主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with, together 1. a woman with two children was seen walking with, along with, except, but, like, as well as, rather down the street. than, more than, no less than, besides, including, in

6、 2. the two boys with their mother were seen addition to等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数；若主语为复数，谓语动词也用复数形式。 6. 由分数或百分数或a lot of, lots of, half of, the rest 1. some students are planting tree. the rest of of, some of, most of, all of, (a) part of, half of + 名词 them are watering them. 做主语时，谓语动词的形式与 of后面的名词的数一致 2. on t

7、he earth about 75% of the surface is covered with water. 7. a number of “许多”，做定语修饰复数名词，谓语用复数形式；the number of “的数量”，主语是number，谓语用单数形式 8. 表示成双成套的名词，如：trousers, glasses, clothes, 1. my glasses are broken. shoes 等词做主语时，谓语用复数形式，但如果这些名词前有a(the) pair/ two pairs of 等量词修饰时，谓语动词要和pair的形式保持一致 9. 在定语从句里，关系代词tha

8、t, who, which 等做主语时，谓语动词的数与先行词的数一致 1. they are my friends who are working hard. 2. he is the one of my friends who is workding hard. 10. 在倒装句中，谓语动词的数与其后的主语一致 1. there comes the bus. 2. on the wall are many pictures. 3. such is the result. 2. the pair of shoes under the bed is his. 1. a number of tre

9、es are cut down. 2. the number of students in our class is 42. walking down the street. 三、专题精讲 （4 mins） 题型1：语法一致 例1：neither of them _ going to the cinema. both of them _ going to the cinema. a. is ; are b. is ; is c. are ; was d. are ; is 【详解】a. 此题涉及到主谓一致中语法一致的用法，涉及到知识点表格中第1和第2种情况，请再回顾以上知识点。 例2：a nu

10、mber of students _ gone for an outing. the number of the students _ increasing year. a. have; has b. is; have c. has; have d. have; is 【详解】a. 此题涉及到主谓一致中语法一致的用法，涉及到语法一致表格中第7种情况，请再回顾以上知识点。 四、专题过关 （10 mins） 检测题1： 1. some of the oranges _ turned bad. some of the milk _ turned sour (酸). a. have; has b. h

11、ave; have c. has; have d. have; is 2. there _ a pen, an ink bottle, and some books on it. there _ some bowls, plates and a spoon on it. a. is; are b. are; are c. are; is d. is; is 3. either the judge or the lawyers _ wrong. either you or he _ to blame. a. is; are b. are; is c. are; are d. is; is 4.

12、my blue trousers _ worn out. one pair of trousers _ not enough. a. is; are b. are; are c. is; is d. are; is 5. our league secretary and monitor _ the lead in everything. our league secretary and the monitor _ good friends. a. take; are b. take; is c. takes; is d. takes; are 6. the girl as well as hi

13、s parents _ a bike. not only the students but also the professor _ surprised at marys answer. a. have; was b. have; were c. has; was d. has; were 7. who _ the girl singing in the next room? who _ these people over there? a. are; are b. are; is c. is; are d. is; is 8. most of the students _ boys. mos

14、t of his money _ spent on books. a. are; is b. is ; is c. are; are d. is; are 9. the policeman _ standing at the street corner. the police _ searching for him. a. are; is b. are; are c. is; are d. is; is 10. the glasses _ mine. that pair of glasses _ my brothers. a. are; is b. are; are c. is; are d.

15、 is; is 【答案】 1-5 a a b d d 6-10 c c a c a 【分析】同学需要特别注意的是语法一致，意义一致和就近原则知识点表格上的内容，需要熟记并运用。 五、学法提炼 （2 mins） 1、专题特点：主谓一致专题的知识点理解较易，但难点在于熟记表格中的每种情况，并能够熟练运用到做题当中去。 2、解题方法：分类熟记知识点表格。 3、分析事项：在考试中，主谓一致中的三个考点是混合出现的，同学必须熟练掌握三个考点各自的内容，以及熟记。建议课后对知识点条目进行背诵。 一、专题引入 （1 mins） 上面我们复习了非谓语动词中语法一致的内容，接下来我们继续复习意义一致和就近原则的

16、知识。 二、专题知识梳理 （15 mins） 知识点1：意义一致 情况 1. 有些集体名词既可以表示单数，又可以表示复数，这类集体名词作主语时，如果它们所表示的人或物是作为一个整体来理解，谓语动词用单数形式；如果作为若干个体来理解，则谓语动词用复数形式 这些词有：family, class, crowd, team, group等 例句 1. class 4 is on the third floor. 2. class 4 are studying in the classroom. 3. the police are looking for the lost child. 【注意】peop

17、le，police等名词一般做复数用 2. 主语是书名，片名，格言，剧名，报名，国名等的复数形式，谓语动词一般ongoing单数形式 3. 表示“时间，重量，长度，价格”等的名词的复数做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式 4. 一些学科名词以-ics 结尾，如：mathematics，1. some teachers says that physics is difficult for 1. thirty minutes is enough for the work. 1. gone with the wind is an interesting book. politics，physics等，都属于

18、形式上是复数名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式 5. “the+形容词”表类别、一类人或物，当它表示一类人时谓语动词用复数；当它表示一种抽象概念或品质，用单数 6. 若and所连接的两个名次做主语，如果指同一概念（and后面无冠词）时，谓语动词用单数；反之，用复数 students to study. 1. the rich are not always happy. 2. the beauty gives pleasure to all of us. 1. the writer and singer has come. 2. the writer and the si

19、nger have come. 7. 不定代词each/ every/ no + n. + and + each/ 1. every student and every teacher is in the room. every/ no + n. 做主语时，谓语动词用单数 8. 由more than a (an) （不止一个），many a (an) 1. many a way is been tried. （许多）做定语修饰做主语的单数可数名词时，谓语动词用单数 9. 表示数量的短语 “one and a half”后接复数名词做主语时，其谓语动词一般用单数形式 10. what, who, which, any, more, all 等代词可以是单数，也可以是复数，主要靠句子意思来决定 1. which is your bag？ 2. which are your bags? 3. all is going well. 11. 算式中表示数字的主语常做单数看待，谓语动词用单数形式 知识点2：就近原则 情况