2018高考英语短文改错专题复习

,Welcometomyclass!,假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。,【2017全国新课标I】,Inthesummerholidayfollowingmyeighteenbirthday,Itookdrivinglessons.Istillrememberhowhardfirstdaywas.Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructorsorders,soonceIstartedthecar,mymindgoesblank.Iforgotwhathehadsaidtomealtogether.Theinstructorkeptrepeatingtheword,“Speedup！”“Slowdown！”“Turningleft！”IwassomuchnervousthatIcouldhardlytellwhichdirectionwasleft.Afewminuteslate,theinstructoraskedmetostopthecar.ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenlystopjustinthemiddleontheroad.,Inthesummerholidayfollowingmyeighteenbirthday,Itookdrivinglessons.Istillrememberhowhardfirstdaywas.Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructorsorders,soonceIstartedthecar,mymindgoesblank.Iforgotwhathehadsaidtomealtogether.,eighteenth,the/my,but/yet,went,Theinstructorkeptrepeatingtheword,“Speedup！”“Slowdown！”“Turningleft！IwassomuchnervousthatIcouldhardlytellwhichdirectionwasleft.Afewminuteslate,theinstructoraskedmetostopthecar.ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenlystopjustinthemiddleontheroad.,words,Turn,later,sudden,of,英语高考专题复习ErrorCorrection,Characteristicsoferrorcorrection考情分析,1.选材特点短文一般100词左右。多为第一人称记叙文，偶尔有议论文或者说明文。短文改错取材于考生自己的作文或类似考生的随笔，且话题常见。篇章结构的难易程度符合中学生的认知水平，无生僻的词语和怪、偏、难的句子结构。2.错误类型错误类型有多词、少词和错词三种。在文章的10个错误中，其比例一般为1：1:8。,Stepsofcorrectingerrors（解题步骤）第一步：通读全文，了解大意。短文改错必须从全篇考虑，要理解文章的谋篇布局，弄清楚整篇文章的意思。在阅读过程中，要注意行文逻辑、文章的时态以及人称等。第二步：逐句分析，行中找错。短文改错的命题形式一般是给出一篇文章，文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。这就要求考生在解题时以句子为基础，在全面理解上下文的同时，又要在每一句中仔细斟酌，判断正误。第三步：再读短文，检查漏洞。做完以后，再把文章阅读一遍，检查是否有遗漏情况，尤其注意上下句之间的逻辑关系。多读一遍，就有可能把某些不清楚的地方理顺。,Formulas（改错歌诀）,动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副;代词格，需领悟。非谓动词要记住，冠词连词常光顾;习惯用法及介词，逻辑错误全关注。,主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。通常整篇都是过去，突然一个句子用现在时。其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。,动词形,LastsummerItakeapart-timejobintheInternationalCampforchildren.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesandhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.Asweclimbedthemountain，wefedmonkeys，visitingtemplesandtoldstories.Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.,took,used,visited,looks,verbs(动词),2、名词数,错误设置主要包括以下两个方面1.可数名词与不可数名词的混用。2.用于固定词组中的一些名词的特殊用法。常考的不可数名词有：information,knowledge,advice,furniture,equipment,progress,baggage/luggage(行李),homework,housework等,WhenIwasayoungchildren,myfathercreatedaregularpracticeIrememberwellyearslater.Momhasafull-timejob,butshehastodomostofthehouseworks.Dontlosehearts,andyoullbesuccessfulintime.Theyhaveallsortsofcourse.Imsureyouwillfindoneyoulike.,_,_,_,heart,child,housework,courses,_,nouns(名词),3.还要注意形和副：,主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的原级或比较级等。系动词后(am/is/are/was/were/become/smell/taste等)或名词前用形容词。修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。,Imsurewellhaveawonderfullytimetogether.Thebadmeatsmellsterribly.Theywerealsothebestandworseyearsinmylife.Instead，hehopesthathisbusinesswillgrowsteady.,worst,wonderful,terrible,steadily,adjectivesandadverbials(形容词和副词),4.代词格，需领悟,代词的错误特点：人称代词主格和宾格的误用；代词指代的误用(指代的人或事物前后不一致的错误和代词的单复数误用等)；不定代词的误用；反身代词的误用；“it”一词的不当使用(包括用于从句中作形式主语或形式宾语),Ifwegoonatripabroad，wecanbroadenyourviewandgainknowledgewecannotgetfrombooks.Mr.andMrs.Zhangallworkinourschool.Youmaykeepthebooksforseveralweekssothatyoucanhaveenoughtimetoreadit.4.Itdoesnotcostmany，yetwecanstilllearnalot.,our,both,them,much,pronouns(代词),5.非谓动词要记住,非谓语动词：现在分词、过去分词，不定式和动名词。错误特点：1.谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用；2.动词不定式和动名词的错用；3.现在分词和过去分词的错用；4.在并列结构中非谓语动词的误用。改正策略：1.纵观全句确定句中动词所作的句子成分。2.系统掌握非谓语动词的句法功能。,Imlookingforwardtohearfromyousoon.Thebossmadethemtoworktwelvehoursaday.Wecanchosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip.Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundhisparentsweremissing.,looking,hearing,choose,taking,non-finiteverbs（非谓语动词）,6.冠词连词常光顾：,命题特点及改正方法：英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向出题：1.不定冠词a和an互改2.不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改；3.根据需要增删冠词。连词but，and，or和so常考用法错。which，who和that引导定语从句；what,that,who,why等引导名词性从句。,Butinthatcase，wewilllearnlittleaboutworld.Atthefirst，IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbyyourself.Iteachthem,playwiththem，butwatchthemgrowingup.Cleverassheis，butsheworksveryhard.,and,the,articlesandconjunctions(冠词和连词),7.习惯用法及介词：,主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：一些固定短语中介词的误用介词与连词或副词的混用及物动词之后介词的多用或不物动词之后介词的漏用,NowIamleavinghometocollege.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichinashortperiodoftime.Theyhavealsoboughtforsomegardeningtools.IwassotiredthatIfellasleepatthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow(枕头).,of,for,idiomaticusagesandprepositions(习惯用法和介词),8.逻辑错误须关注：,与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误，如称谓上的张冠李戴。,Unluckily,hewastheonlyonewhofinallygotthewell-paidjob.2.Theretheairisfreshorthemountainsaregreen.3.Ifwestayathome,itiscomfortablebutthereisnoneedtospendmoney.4.Theairkeepingtheballoon（气球）upwasescapingquicklyandtheballoonwascomingup.,Luckily,and,and,down,contextlogic（上下文逻辑）,Consolidation(巩固),动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副;代词格，需领悟。非谓动词要记住，冠词连词常光顾;习惯用法及介词，逻辑错误全关注。,Practice,1.HerearetheinformationaboutManchesterUniversity.2.Greatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinourhometownsince1978.3.IliveinBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.4.Infact,theyareplanningtovisitChinainnextyear.5.Comparingwithothercountries,thecountrypayslittleattentiontothepollution.,is,which,Compared,Practice,6.Iamdeepmovedbywhatshehasdoneforme.7.Withhelpofmyteacher,ImadegreatprogressinEnglish.8.Hedrovetoofast,andthepolicestoppedherandhandedhimaticket.9.Whenhewasyoung,hereadalot,andlatehebecameafamouswriterofhisday.10.Buthisparentsthinkgotocollegeismoreimportantthanplayingsports.,deeply,the,him,later,going,HomeworkFinishthefollowingexercisesabouterrorcorrection.,Mr.andMrs.Zhangallworkinourschool.Theylivefarfromtheschool,andittakesthemaboutahourandahalftogotoworkeveryday.Intheirsparetime,theyareinterestinginplantingvegetablesintheirgarden,thatisontherooftopoftheirhouse.Theyoftengetupearlierandwaterthevegetablestogether.Theyhavealsoboughtforsomegardeningtools.Beside,theyoftengetsomeusefulinformationsfromtheinternet.Whensummercame,theywillinvitetheirstudentspickthevegetables.【2017全国新课标】,WhenIlookatthispictureofmyself,Irealizeofhowfasttimeflies.Ihadgrownnotonlyphysicallyandalsomentallyinthepastfewyears.Aboutonemonthafterthisphotowastook,Ienteredmysecondyearofhighschoolandbecomeanewmemberoftheschoolmusicclub.Aroundmeinpicturearethethingstheywereveryimportantinmylifeatthattime,carmagazinesandmusicalinstruments.Ienjoyedstudyingdifferencekindsofcarsandplanes,playingpopmusic,andcollectingthelatemusicalbums.Thispictureoftenbringsbacktomemanyhappymemoriesofyourhighschooldays.【2017全国新课标】,Mr.andMrs.Zhangallworkinourschool.Theylivefarfromtheschool,andittakesthemaboutahourandahalftogotoworkeveryday.Intheirsparetime,theyareinterestinginplantingvegetablesintheirgarden,thatisontherooftopoftheirhouse.Theyoftengetupearlierandwaterthevegetablestogether.Theyhavealsoboughtforsomegar