源码安装MySQL

Mysql 源码安装一、文章说明 最近接触到mysql数据库，因此闲来研究一下，今天演示一下用源码安装mysql，如果使用rpm包安装的话个人感觉挺简单的。 环境说明： 操作系统：rhel 5.4 x86 Mysql版本：mysql-5.5.22二、安装cmake(mysql5.5以后是通过cmake来编译的) 在mysql5.5之前的话直接编辑就可以，而在5.5以后需要通过cmake来编译，在附录中介绍一下直接编译。 下载cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz，本人是在度娘搜的。rootnode4 # tar -zxvf cmake-2.8.4.tar.gzrootnode4 # cd cmake-2.8.4rootnode4 cmake-2.8.4# ./configure -prefix=/usr/local/cmake-在这里可以使用# gmake & make installrootnode4 cmake-2.8.4# makerootnode4 cmake-2.8.4# make install 备注：configure需要执行编译到目录。三、创建mysql的安装目录及数据库存放目录rootnode4 # mkdir -p /opt/mysql5.5rootnode4 # mkdir -p /opt/mysql5.5/data 四、创建mysql用户及用户组rootnode4 # groupadd mysqlrootnode4 # useradd -r -g mysql mysql五、安装mysqlrootnode4 # tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.22.tar.gzrootnode4 # cd mysql-5.5.22-编译出现以下错误，需要ncurses-develrootnode4 mysql-5.5.22#/usr/local/cmake/bin/cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql5.5 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/opt/mysql5.5/data -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1- MySQL 5.5.22- Could NOT find Curses (missing: CURSES_LIBRARY CURSES_INCLUDE_PATH) CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:83 (MESSAGE): Curses library not found. Please install appropriate package, remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu, package name is libncurses5-dev, on Redhat and derivates it is ncurses-devel.Call Stack (most recent call first): cmake/readline.cmake:127 (FIND_CURSES) cmake/readline.cmake:217 (MYSQL_USE_BUNDLED_LIBEDIT) CMakeLists.txt:268 (MYSQL_CHECK_READLINE)- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!-查看ncurses是否安装：rootnode4 mysql-5.5.22# rpm -qa|grep necursesncurses-5.5-24.20060715-安装ncurses-develrootnode4# rpm -ivh ncurses-devel-5.5-24.20060715.i386.rpm warning: ncurses-devel-5.5-24.20060715.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186Preparing. # 100% 1:ncurses-devel # 100%-删除CMakeCache.txtrootnode4 mysql-5.5.22# find / -name CMakeCache.txt/root/mysql-5.5.22/CMakeCache.txt/root/cmake-2.8.4/CMakeCache.txt/root/cmake-2.8.4/Tests/ComplexOneConfig/Cache/CMakeCache.txt/root/cmake-2.8.4/Tests/Complex/Cache/CMakeCache.txt/root/cmake-2.8.4/Tests/CMakeFiles/CheckFortran/CMakeCache.txt/root/cmake-2.8.4/Tests/ComplexRelativePaths/Cache/CMakeCache.txtrootnode4 mysql-5.5.22# rm /root/mysql-5.5.22/CMakeCache.txtrm: remove regular file /root/mysql-5.5.22/CMakeCache.txt? yesrootnode4 mysql-5.5.22# rm /root/cmake-2.8.4/CMakeCache.txtrm: remove regular file /root/cmake-2.8.4/CMakeCache.txt? yesrootnode4 mysql-5.5.22# rm /root/cmake-2.8.4/Tests/ComplexOneConfig/Cache/CMakeCache.txtrm: remove regular file /root/cmake-2.8.4/Tests/ComplexOneConfig/Cache/CMakeCache.txt? yesrootnode4 mysql-5.5.22# rm /root/cmake-2.8.4/Tests/Complex/Cache/CMakeCache.txtrm: remove regular file /root/cmake-2.8.4/Tests/Complex/Cache/CMakeCache.txt? yesrootnode4 mysql-5.5.22# rm /root/cmake-2.8.4/Tests/CMakeFiles/CheckFortran/CMakeCache.txtrm: remove regular file /root/cmake-2.8.4/Tests/CMakeFiles/CheckFortran/CMakeCache.txt? yesrootnode4 mysql-5.5.22# rm /root/cmake-2.8.4/Tests/ComplexRelativePaths/Cache/CMakeCache.txtrm: remove regular file /root/cmake-2.8.4/Tests/ComplexRelativePaths/Cache/CMakeCache.txt? yes-再次进行编译：rootnode4 mysql-5.5.22#/usr/local/cmake/bin/cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql5.5 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/opt/mysql5.5/data -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1rootnode4 mysql-5.5.22#make & make install 备注：-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql /安装目录-DINSTALL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data /数据库存放目录-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 /使用utf8字符-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci /校验字符-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all /安装所有扩展字符集-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 /允许从本地导入数据 注意事项： 重新编译时，需要清除旧的对象文件和缓存信息。 #make clean #rm -f CMakeCache.txt #rm -rf /etc/f六、设置目录权限rootnode4 # cd /opt/mysql5.5/rootnode4 mysql5.5# chown -R root:mysql . /把当前目录中所有文件的所有者设为root，所属组为mysql rootnode4 mysql5.5# chown -R mysql:mysql data/七、设置mysql配置文件rootnode4 mysql5.5# cp support-files/f /etc/f /将mysql的启动服务添加到系统服务中rootnode4 mysql5.5# cp support-files/f frootnode4 mysql5.5# more f -在mysqld下面添加basedir = /opt/mysql5.5 datadir = /opt/mysql5.5/data mysqldport = 3306socket = /tmp/mysql.sockskip-external-lockingkey_buffer_size = 16Mmax_allowed_packet = 1Mtable_open_cache = 64sort_buffer_size = 512Knet_buffer_length = 8Kread_buffer_size = 256Kread_rnd_buffer_size = 512Kmyisam_sort_buffer_size = 8Mbasedir = /opt/mysql5.5datadir = /opt/mysql5.5/data八、创建系统数据库的表-在这里指定了配置文件和用户 rootnode4 mysql5.5# cd /mysql5.5rootnode4 mysql5.5# scripts/mysql_install_db -defaults-file=./f -user=mysql Installing MySQL system tables.OKFilling help tables.OKTo start mysqld at boot time you have to copysupport-files/mysql.server to the right place for your systemPLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:/opt/mysql5.5/bin/mysqladmin -u root password new-password/opt/mysql5.5/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h node4 password new-passwordAlternatively you can run:/opt/mysql5.5/bin/mysql_secure_installationwhich will also give you the option of removing the testdatabases and anonymous user created by default. This isstrongly recommended for production servers.See the manual for more instructions.You can start the MySQL daemon with:cd /opt/mysql5.5 ; /opt/mysql5.5/bin/mysqld_safe &You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.plcd /opt/mysql5.5/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.plPlease report any problems with the /opt/mysql5.5/scripts/mysqlbug script!九、设置环境变量rootnode4 # vi /root/.bash_profile -在PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin添加参数为：PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/opt/mysql5.5/bin:/opt/mysql5.5/librootnode4 # source /root/.bash_profile 十、手动启动mysqlrootnode4 mysql5.5# ./bin/mysqld_safe -user=mysql & /启动MySql但不能停止1 27412rootnode4 mysql5.5# 130728 08:34:38 mysqld_safe Logging to /opt/mysql5.5/data/node4.err.130728 08:34:38 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /opt/mysql5.5/data-这里MYSQL的root用户还没有配置密码，所以空值。需要输入密码时，直接点回车键即可。 rootnode4 mysql5.5# ./bin/mysqladmin -u root -p shutdownEnter password: 130728 08:34:46 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /opt/mysql5.5/data/node4.pid ended1+ Done ./bin/mysqld_safe -user=mysql十一、另一个简单的启动mysql的方法(mysql已经被添加到系统服务中)rootnode4 mysql5.5# service mysql startrootnode4 mysql5.5# service mysql stoprootnode4 mysql5.5# service mysql restart 如果上述命令出现：mysql未识别的服务rootnode4 mysql5.5# service mysql startmysql.server: unrecognized service 则可能mysql还没添加到系统服务中，下面用另一个方法添加：rootnode4 mysql5.5# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqlrootnode4 mysql5.5# service mysql startStarting MySQL. OK rootnode4 mysql5.5# service mysql stopShutting down MySQL. OK 注意：主要是将mysql.server拷贝到/etc/init.d中，命名为mysql。然后再用#service mysql start 来启动mysql即可。十二、修改Mysql的root用户密码以及打开远程连接rootnode4 # /opt/mysql5.5/bin/mysql -u root mysqlWelcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.Your MySQL connection id is 1Server version: 5.5.22-log Source distributionCopyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type help; or h for help. Type c to clear the current input statement.mysql use mysql;Database changedmysql desc user;-为root添加远程连接的能力。mysql grant all privileges on *.* to root% identified by root;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)mysql update user set Password = password(123456) where User=root;Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.02 sec)Rows matched: 5 Changed: 5 Warnings: 0mysql select Host,User,Password from user where User=root;+-+-+-+| Host | User | Password |+-+-+-+| localhost | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | node4 | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | :1 | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | % | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |+-+-+-+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql flush privileges;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql exit;Byerootnode4 # /opt/mysql5.5/bin/mysql -u root -pEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.Your MySQL connection id is 3Server version: 5.5.22-log Source distributionCopyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type help; or h for help. Type c to clear the