定语从句 知识总结归纳

定语从句 知识总结归纳 一 定语从句的结构 在复合句中 修饰某个名词或代词的句子 做这个名词或代词的定语 叫定语从 句 定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面 被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词 它与定语 从句之间要有一个词连接 这个词指代先行词的内容叫做关系词 关系代词或关系副词 that which who whose when where why 先行词在定语从句中充当主语 宾语 时间 地点 原因状语 结构 先行词 关系词 定语从句 如 1 There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her 2 In Japan someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money 二 定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句 限定性定语从句 从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明 缺少它 则句义显得不完整 从句与先行 词紧密相连 非限定性定语从句 对先行词进行补充说明 解释 它与先行词之间有逗号隔开 1 Before she could move she heard a loud noise which grew to a terrible roar 三 关系词前面可以根据定语从句的内容加上一些介词 这些关系词在介词后面常用 which 或 whom 1 There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company 2 Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark 知识重点与难点 一 当先行词有最高级 序数词修饰 是不定代词 或是 all no only 等形式时 关系代词一般用 that 而不能用 which 1 The Titanic was the largest ship that had ever been built at that time 2 There is one thing that keeps worrying me 二 当先行词是表示时间 地点 原因的词时 关系词用 when where why 还有 which that 1 I m very glad to return to my hometown where I had lived for 10 years 2 This is my hometown which I used to talk about to you 3 I think I can understand the reason why he didn t tell the truth to me 4 No one believes the reason that he gave us about his absence at the meeting 三 定语从句的简化表达 1 The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University 2 The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow 3 The question that is being discussed is very important 4 You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7 45 说明 说明 以上的定语从句部分可以用更加简单的非谓语形式表达出来 1 The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University 2 The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow 3 The question being discussed is very important 4 You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7 45 说明 说明 修饰一个名词除了后面用定语从句以外 还可以用非谓语动词形式 doing 短语 done 短语 being done 短语 to be done 短语修饰 其结构和意思如下 1 被修饰名词 doing 短语 正在做 的人 正在发生的事 2 被修饰名词 done 短语 被 的人 事 3 被修饰名词 being done 短语 正在被 的人 事 4 被修饰名词 to be done 短语 将要被 的人 事 1 Do you know the man talking to my sister 2 The crazy gesture moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear means you have a phone call in Brazil 3 Did you see that car being repaired 4 In a camera the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed 5 The students to attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow 6 Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China 7 The Yellow River said to be the mother river runs across China like a huge dragon 总结 总结 以上做定语的那些短语就是英语语法中所说的分词 不定式的各种形式作定语 1 这些短语作定语应放在被修饰名词的后面 如果单独一个 V ing 或 V ed 形式作定语 则可以放在被 修饰名词前面 2 分词作定语时 其动作应与全句动作同时发生 V ing 表示主动意义和正在做 V ed 表示被动意义 being done 表示正在被做的 3 不定式作定语表示将要发生的 to be done 表示将要被做的 高考定语从句考试题及答案 1 I don t like you speak to her 1996 上海 A the way B the way in that C the way which D the way of which 2 All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those in the forest A once they grew B they grew once C they once grew D that once grew 3 Carol said the work would be done by October personally I doubt very much A it B that C when D which 4 is mentioned above the number of the students in senior schools is increasing A Which B As C That D It 1999 上海 5 He was very rude to the Customs officer of course made things even worse A who B whom C what D which 1999 上海 6 Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play of course made the others unhappy A who B which C this D what 2000 7 Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase was very reasonable A which price B the price of which C its price D the price of whose 8 The result of the experiment was very good we hadn t expected A when B that C which D what 2000 北京春 9 Have you seen the film Titanic leading actor is world famous A its B it s C whose D which 2001 上海春季 10 John said he d been working in the office for an hour was true A he B this C which D who 2001 北京春 11 The film brought the hours to me I was taken good care of in that far away village A until B that C when D where 2001NMET 12 is known to everybody the moon travels round the earth once every month A It B As C That D What 2001NMET 13 He is the only one of the students who a winner of scholarship for three years A is B are C have been D has been 2002 上海春季 14 He s got himself into a dangerous situation he is likely to lose control over the plane A where B which C while D why 2001 上海 15 Is this the reason at the meeting for his carelessness in his work A he explained B what he explained C how he explained D why he explained 2002 上海春季 16 The famous basketball star tried to make a comeback attracted a lot of attention A where B when C which D who 2002 北京春季 17 Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment I will always treasure A that B one C it D what 2002NMET 18 We will be shown around the city schools museums and some other places other visitors seldom go A what B which C where D when 2002 北京 19 We are living in an age many things are done on computer A which B that C whose D when 2003 北京春 20 has been announced we shall have our final exams next month A That B As C It D What 2003 上海春 21 George Orwell was Eric Arthur wrote many political novels and essays 2004 北京 A the real name B what his real name C his real name D whose real name 22 is reported in the newspaper talks between the two countries are making progress 2004 北京 A It B As C That D What 23 Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others of course made the others envy him 2004 天津 A who B that C what D which 24 It is easy to do the repair you need is a hammer and some nails 2004 天 津 A Something B All C Both D Everything 25 is often the case we have worked out the production plan 2004 江苏 A Which B When C What D As 26 Anyway that evening I ll tell you more about later I ended up staying at Rachel s place 2004 浙江 A when B where C what D which 27 The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months the sailing time was 226 days 2004 广西 A of which B during which C from which D for which 28 I work in a business almost everyone is waiting for a great chance 2004 湖南 A how B which C where D that 29 There was time I hated to go to school 2004 湖北 A a that B a when C the that D the when 30 There are two buildings stands nearly a hundred feet high 2004 湖 北 A the larger B the larger of them C the larger one that D the larger of which 31 What surprised me was not what he said but he said it 2004 湖北 A the way B in the way that C in the way D the way which 32 The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year 80 are sold abroad 2004 辽宁 A of which B which of C of them D of that 33 American women usually identify their best friend as someone they can talk frequently 2004 上海 A who B as C about which D with whom 34 The English play my students acted at the New Year s party was a great success 2004 全国 I A for which B at which C in which D on which 35 There were dirty marks on her trousers she had wiped her hands 2004 全 国 II A where B which C when D that 36 The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months the sailing time was 226 days 2004 全国 III A of which B during which C from which D for which 37 There are altogether eleven books on the shelf five are mine 2004 全国 IV A on which B in which C of which D from which 38 Luckily we d brought a road map without we would have lost our way 2004 北京春 A it B that C this D which 39 A fast food restaurant is the place just as the name suggests eating is performed quickly 2004 上海春 A which B where C there D what 40 is reported in the newspapers talks between the two countries are making progress 2004 北京 A It B As C That D What 41 I have many friends some are businessmen 2005 全国卷一二 A of them B from which C who of D of whom 42 Why does she always ask you for help There is no one else is there 2005 北京 A who to turn to B she can turn to C for whom to turn to D for her to turn 43 If a shop has chairs women can park their men women will spend more time in the shop 2005 上海 A that B which C when D where 44 Last month part of Southeast Asia was stuck by floods from effects the people are still suffering 2005 天津 A that B whose C those D what 45 Mark was a student at this university from 1999to 2003 he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students Union 2005 重庆 A during which time B for which time C during whose time D by that time 46 Her sister has become a lawyer she wanted to be 2005 湖北 A who B that C what D which 47 Frank s dream was to have his own shop to produce the workings of his own hands 2005 湖南 A that B in which C by which D how 48 The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs they are being trained 2005 江西 A in that B for that C in which D for which 49 The way he did it was different we were used to 2005 江西 A in which B in what C from what D from which 50 I walked in our garden Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees 2005 辽宁 A which B when C where D that 51 Did Jack come back early last night 2005 福建 Yes It was not yet eight o clock he arrived home A before B when C that D until 52 Is that the small town you often refer to 2005 福建 Right just the one you know I used to work for years A that B which C where D what 53 He was educated at a local grammar school he went on to Cambridge 2005 山东 A from which B after that C after which D from this 54 Jim passed the driving test surprised everybody in the office 2005 浙江 A which B that C this D it 55 I explained on the phone your request will be considered at the next morning 2005 浙江 A When B after C As D Since 56 The place the bridge is supposed to be built should be the cross river traffic is the heaviest 2005 江苏 A which where B at which which C at which where D which in which 57 Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes people were eaten by the tiger 2005 广东 A in which B by which C which D that 58 Do you still remember the chicken farm we visited three months ago 2005 北京春 A where B when C that D what 59 Did Jack come back early last night 2005 福建 Yes It was not yet eight o clock he arrived home A before B when C that D until 60 The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday but didn t help 2005 全国三 A it B she C which D he 61 The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running meant spending tens of thousands of pounds A who B that C as D which 62 Look out Don t get too close to the house roof is under repair 2006 福建 卷 A whose B which C of which D what 63 We saw several natives advancing towards our party and one of them came up to us we gave some bells and glasses 2006 湖南 A to which B to whom C with whom D with which 64 I saw a woman running to ward me in the dark Before I could recognize who she was she had run back in the direction she had come 2006 重庆卷 A of which B by which C in which D from which 65 Do you have anything