2019_2020学年高中英语Unit1GreatScientistsSectionⅡTheLanguagePointsofReading教学案新人教版必修.doc

Section The Language Points of Reading课前重点检测.重点词汇1defeat (vt.) 打败；战胜；使受挫 (n.) 失败2handle (n.) 柄；把手 (vt.) 处理；操纵3blame (vt.) 责备；谴责 (n.) 过失；责备4suspect (vt.) 认为；怀疑 (n.) 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯5conclude (vt.& vi.) 结束；推断出 conclusion (n.) 结论；结束6attend (vt.) 照顾；护理；出席；参加attendance (n.) 出席；到场；看护；照料7expose (vt.) 暴露；揭露；使曝光exposure (n.) 暴露；关注；体验；揭发8announce (vt.) 宣布；通告announcement (n.) 宣布；通告9instruct (vt.) 命令；指示；教导instruction (n.) 命令；指示10expert (n.) 专家；行家 (adj.) 熟练的；经验或知识丰富的11pollute (vt.) 污染；弄脏pollution (n.) 污染12challenge (n.) 挑战challenging (adj.) 富有/具有挑战性的13physician (n.) 医生；内科医师physics (n.) 物理 physicist (n.) 物理学家 physical (adj.) 身体的；肉体的14absorb (vt.) 吸收；吸引；使专心 absorbed (adj.) 专心致志的15put_forward 提出16draw_a_conclusion 得出结论17expose . to 暴露于；使处于的影响之下；使受到18be_to_blame 应受责备；应负责19link . to 将和联系20look_into 调查；审查.教材原句1Neither its cause _ its cure was understood.答案：nor2It seemed that the water _ (blame)答案：was to blame3He found that it came from the river _ (pollute) by the dirty water from London.答案：polluted4A woman, _ had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it _ (deliver) to her house every day.答案：who; delivered5_ (prevent) this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies _ (examine)答案：To prevent; be examined6The water companies were instructed not to expose people _ polluted water any more.答案：to课堂分段精讲第1段1John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”(教材P2)约翰斯诺战胜“霍乱王”defeat vt. 打败；战胜；使受挫n. 失败He defeated his competitor with difficulty and won the champion at the school sports meet.在校运会上，他艰难地战胜了他的对手，获得了冠军。We didnt consider the possibility of defeat.我们没有考虑失败的可能性。辨析：defeat, beat, winHe has been soundly defeated at chess.他在国际象棋比赛中一败涂地。If we dont prepare for the speech contest, they will beat us.如果这场演讲比赛我们不做好准备的话，他们就会打败我们。Hemingway once won the Nobel Prize for literature.海明威曾获得诺贝尔文学奖。【即景活用】(1)单句改错How will you win him in such a close game?_答案：winbeat/defeat(2)选词填空(win, beat, defeat)Did he _ the match?Certainly. No one can _ him.At the school sports meet, my class _ Class 3 and _ the basketball match.答案：win; defeat/beatbeat/defeated; won2John Snow was a famous doctor in Londonso expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.(教材P2)约翰斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。so . that . “如此以至于”剖析so . that . 意为“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句，此结构中so为副词，后面跟形容词或副词。Usually, its so crowded on the bus that I cant find anywhere to sit.通常，公共汽车上太拥挤，我找不到坐的地方。This is so_interesting_a_book/such_an_interesting_book_that we all enjoy reading it.这本书非常有趣，我们都喜欢看。He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.他取得了如此大的进步，以至于老师们对他很满意。So good a teacher/Such a good teacher is she that we all love her.她是一位如此好的老师，以致我们都很爱她。【即景活用1】(1)选词填空(so . that, such . that)I was _ sleepy _ I could hardly keep my eyes open.It was _ a hot day _ nobody wanted to go out.You cant imagine _ little birds can eat _ many insects in _ a short time.答案：so; thatsuch; thatsuch; so; such(2)句型转换He was so smart that he thought of a way to solve the problem.(改为倒装句)_ smart _ that he thought of a way to solve the problem.So good a house is it that we have decided to buy it.(改为同义句)_ a good house that we have decided to buy it.答案：So; was heIt is suchattend vt. 照顾；护理；出席；参加The patients are well attended in the hospital.病人在医院被照顾得很好。Attend_to your study and stop talking.专心学习，不要说话。She was invited to the party but she didnt attend it.她被邀请参加那次聚会，但她没参加。(2017北京高考)Later, when Hannah attended school, she saw another homeless person.后来当Hannah上学时，她看到了另一个无家可归的人。【即景活用2】单句写作He offered to go and _.他主动提出来去处理这件事。(2016全国卷)I have just found that I have to _ that afternoon.我刚发现那天下午我必须出席一个重要的班会。答案：attend to the matterattend an important class meeting3But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.(教材P2)但当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，就感到很受鼓舞。expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光We want to expose the kids to as much art and culture as possible.我们想让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化熏陶。Being_exposed_to strong sunlight will do harm to your skin.暴露在强烈日光下会对你的皮肤有害。The merchant was_exposed as a liar.这个商人说谎的真面目被揭穿了。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空Keep indoors and dont expose your skin _ the sun.Children, when _ (expose) to an Englishspeaking atmosphere, will pick up the language much more easily.答案：toexposed(2)单句写作Young people may risk going deaf if they _ (接触) very loud music every day.Travelling abroad _ (使孩子们接触到) different languages and cultures.答案：are exposed toexposes children to4Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.(教材P2)人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。neither . nor . “既不也不”剖析此处neither . nor . 连接并列主语。He did his job neither_well_nor_quickly.他工作做得既不好也不快。Neither Ann nor I am interested in high finance.安娜和我对巨额融资都不感兴趣。Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.要么是你或者你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。名师点津neither . nor . 连接两个分句且neither和nor皆位于句首时，neither和nor引导的分句均需倒装。Neither has he watched this film, nor will he read the review about it.他不但没看过这部电影，而且也不会读关于这部电影的评论。【即景活用1】单句语法填空Neither his parents nor he _ (visit) his grandparents so far this month.Not only the students but also the teacher _ (be) interested in playing football.Not I but my brother _ (be) there already.Either the principal or his assistants _ (be) to attend the meeting.答案：has visitedishas beenarecure n. C 治愈；痊愈；疗法vt. 治愈；治疗；改掉(坏习惯)Is there a certain cure_for cancer yet?癌症迄今有有效的治疗方法吗？She tried every means to cure_her_child_of_the_bad_habit.她想尽一切办法试图改掉她孩子的这个恶习。【即景活用2】单句写作The fresh air and exercise _ (治好了) his sleeplessness, which made him feel relief.Scientists have been searching for _ (治疗的方法) cancers, but none has worked well.答案：cured him ofcures for5So many thousands of terrified people died every_time there was an outbreak.(教材P2)每次霍乱暴发时，就有成千上万惊恐的老百姓病死。every time 每次剖析本句中的名词短语every time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，其作用相当于从属连词引导的状语从句。(2016浙江高考)Every_time he arrived home at the end of the day, wed greet him at the door.每次他傍晚回到家，我们都会在门口迎接他。You will see your brother next_time you come.你下次来时就会见到你兄弟。I recognized you the_instant/moment/minute I saw you.我一见到你就认出了你。The_winter Betty was at the age of 12, her family moved to the new city.贝蒂12岁那年的冬天，她家搬迁到了这座新城市。名师点津副词immediately, instantly, directly，也可在句中起连词作用，引导时间状语从句，表示“一就”。You must show the gentleman in immediately he comes.这位绅士一来，你就带他进来。【即景活用】单句写作 _ I ring her, the phone is engaged.我每次给她打电话，电话都占线。 _ I left for Shanghai, they all went to see me off at the airport.我去上海的那天，他们都去机场送我了。_ you take part in a race, it is very normal to feel tense.第一次参加比赛时，你感到紧张是很正常的。答案：Every/Each timeThe dayThe first time6John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem.(教材P2)约翰斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。challenge n. 挑战vt. 向挑战Exploring outer space is a_challenge_to mankind.探索外太空对人类来说是一项挑战。I want to challenge_him to have a game of basketball.我想向他挑战打一场篮球赛。He threw a challenging glance around the table.他用挑战的目光向桌子四周扫视了一圈。名师点津向某人挑战 【即景活用】单句写作He himself says he will _ bravely.他自己说他会勇敢地面对挑战。(2017江苏高考)Many Chinese brands, having developed their reputations over centuries, _ from the modern market.很多享有几百年盛誉的中国品牌，现在正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。答案：face the challengeare facing new challenges第2段7The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.(教材P2)第二种看法是人们是在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；使专心This storybook absorbed the little girls attention.这本故事书吸引了那个小女孩的注意力。The policeman sat on the ground and was_absorbed_in reading the newspapers.那个警察坐在地上专心看报纸。The surrounding towns have_been_absorbed_by/into the city.周围各镇已并入该市。名师点津be absorbed in (doing) sth. 结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbed in .。类似的结构还有：be lost in . 陷入；专心致志于be caught in . 被困在be buried in . 埋头于be devoted to . 致力于；专心于【即景活用】单句写作The girl _ (全神贯注于) analysing data when the manager entered the office._ (专注于她的小说), she didnt notice it was already dark.答案：absorbed herself in/was absorbed inAbsorbed in her novel第3段8John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.(教材P2)约翰斯诺认为第二种理论是正确的，但他需要证据。suspect vt. 怀疑；认为n被怀疑者；嫌疑犯The police took the suspect to the police station.警察把这个嫌疑犯带到了警察局。I suspect him of_stealing the money.我怀疑他偷了那笔钱。The policeman suspected the thief of lying.那个警察怀疑小偷撒谎。I suspect him to_be a pickpocket.我怀疑他是个扒手。名师点津与suspect相关的单词有：criminal 罪犯murderer 杀人犯robber 劫匪；强盗 thief 小偷kidnapper 绑匪【即景活用】单句语法填空Nobody wants to make friends with the boy _ (suspect) of having stolen the money.The police suspected _ the witness had given false evidence.From the look on his face, I suspect him _ (be) ill.答案：suspectedthatto be第4段9It seemed that the water was to blame.(教材P2)看来水是罪魁祸首。blame vt. 责备；谴责；把归咎于(2017全国卷)Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put_the_blame_on the alarm clock.很多人发现早上起来很难，把责任推到闹钟上。She didnt blame_anyone_for her fathers death.她没把她父亲的死归罪于任何人。You shouldnt blame the failure of their marriage on him.你们不应该把他们失败的婚姻怪在他头上。The team was defeated last Sunday. The fans thought the coach was_to_blame.上周日这个队被击败了，球迷们认为都是教练的过错。【即景活用】单句改错It is he not you that is to be blame._The police blamed the traffic accident for Jacks careless driving._答案：删去beforon第6段10In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.(教材P3)在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街爆发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中又发现了有力证据。link vt.& n. 连接；联系The new tunnel links Britain to France.新的隧道把英法两国连接起来。If the “Belt and Road” are_linked_to the two wings of a soaring Asia, then connectivity is like their arteries and veins.如果将“一带一路”比喻为亚洲腾飞的两只翅膀，那么互联互通就是两只翅膀的血脉经络。One link broken, the whole chain is broken.谚语一环脱，全链断。【即景活用】单句语法填空The highway links Tianjin _ Beijing.These two accidents are closely _ (link)答案：to/withlinked11With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the germs.(教材P3)有了这个额外的证据，约翰斯诺就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。announce vt. 宣布；宣告(决定、计划等)；(尤指通过广播)通知It is wise to announce the news to the public.把这则消息告知公众是明智的。Many video websites announced_that viewers can see movies for free in exchange for watching advertisements.很多视频网站宣称观众可以免费看电影作为看广告的交换。It_was_announced_that Huawei 5G transport network key technologies have passed EANTC testing.据宣布华为5G网络传输关键技术通过EANTC测试。名师点津动词announce后不跟双宾语，表示“向某人宣布某事”时应该说announce sth. to sb.或announce to sb. sth.。类似用法的单词还有：suggest, explain, report等。【即景活用】单句写作_ new speed restrictions would be introduced.据宣布，即将推出新的车速限制。The _ made an _ that all the details should be _ through the broadcast.广播员宣布所有的消息都应通过广播公布出来。答案：It was announced thatannouncer; announcement; announced第7段12To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.(教材P3)为了防止这种情况的再度发生，约翰斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。剖析suggest表示“建议”，后面跟的宾语从句的谓语需用“(should)动词原形”，表示虚拟。有此用法的动词还有：order, insist, demand, require, desire, command, propose, request等。I suggest_our_buying Huawei smartphones.我建议我们买华为智能手机。She suggested a new teaching method to us.她向我们建议了一种新的教学方法。She suggested_that we (should) have lunch at the new restaurant.她建议我们在那家新开的餐馆吃午餐。It_is_suggested_that the meeting (should) be put off till next week.有人建议把会议推迟到下个星期。名师点津(1)suggest后不接双宾语，可表达为suggest sth. to sb.或suggest to sb. that .。(2)suggest后接动词时，要用动词的ing形式，不接不定式。(3)suggestion表示“建议”时，其后的表语从句、同位语从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即“should动词原形”，should可以省略。【即景活用】单句语法填空How do you suggest we _ (go) to Beijing for our holidays?I think wed better fly there. Its much more comfortable.Janes pale face suggested that she _ (be) ill, and her parents suggested that she _ (have) a medical examination.The parents suggested _ (sleep) in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.答案：(should) gowas; (should) havesleeping课后演练提能课后演练一.完形填空When Heather McHugh, a poet, won a $500,000 “genius grant” from the MacArthur Foundation, she didnt buy a luxurious car or fly to Paris. _1_， she put the money in the bank and _2_ writing poems.In 2011, she finally _3_ what to do with it. That year, Heathers godson and his wife _4_ their first child, a beautiful baby girl but severely disabled. “I saw how peoples _5_ can change overnight. I started thinking about people in a _6_ situation，” says Heather.She _7_ there were millions of caregivers taking care of the chronically (慢性地) ill or disabled. So in 2012, Heather _8_ a nonprofit organization offering a sevenday vacation, with all _9_ paid, to people who have been caregivers for at least ten years.Tricia was one of the first caregivers to go on vacation. When Tricia got a call saying she was offered a _10_ vacation, she couldnt _11_ it; disbelief even _12_ her concern about leaving her two kids.Tricia went, and her favorite parts of the trip were to enjoy his _13_ things. “I got to eat hot food hot and cold food cold. I could go to bed when I wanted to and wake up whenever I chose to，” says Tricia. She was afraid the _14_ would return when the _15_ was over, but to her surprise, it hasnt been back since.Heather says Tricias _16_ resembles those of the other ten caregivers she helps every year. “Before the vacation they are so _17_， but the _18_ is so amazing. They reflect and relax. It feels _19_ like another world and gives them a chance to see their lives from another _20_，” she adds.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。Heather McHugh利用自己的五十万美元奖金建立非营利组织，为照顾慢性病患者和残疾人的护理员提供免费休假，让他们到新的环境中，从不一样的角度来看待他们的人生。1A.However BThereforeCInstead DBesides答案：C根据空处前一句中的“she didnt buy a luxurious car or fly to Paris”可知，在获得了五十万美元的奖金后，她并没有购买汽车或去旅游；结合该句中的“she put the money in the bank”可知，反而，她将这些钱存入银行。C项意为“而是，反而”，符合语境。2A.continued BquittedCpracticed Dstarted答案：A根据前一句中的“a poet”，再结合该句中的“she put the money in the bank and _2_ writing poems”可知，她(这位诗人)获奖后，将奖金存进银行，继续(continued)写作。3A.thought over BwonderedCtalked about Ddecided答案：D根据下文中的“Heather _8_ a nonprofit organization offering a sevenday vacation”可知，此处表示在2011年，她终于决定如何使用这笔钱。decide “决定”符合语境。4A.held BwelcomedClost Dsaved答案：BHeather的教子和他的妻子迎来了他们的第一个孩子，那是一个漂亮的女婴，但是有严重的残疾。welcome “迎接”符合语境。5A.feelings BfutureClives Droutine答案：C根据语境，并结合上文中提到的Heather的教子和他的妻子生下了一个残疾的女婴可知，Heather看到了人的生活(lives)是如何在一夜之间发生改变的。6A.different BsimilarCworse Dbetter答案：B根据上文提到的Heather的教子和他的妻子生下了一个残疾女婴并且Heather看到了人的生活是如何在一夜之间发生改变的可知，Heather开始关注那些有相似(similar)境遇的人。7A.discovered BclaimedCadmitted Dfelt答案：A她发现有数百万照顾慢性病患者和残疾人的护理员。discover “发现”符合语境。8A.donated BfoundCvisited Dformed答案：D因此Heather在2012年建立了一个非营利组织，为那些成为护理员至少十年的人提供七天免费休假。form “建立，组成”符合语境。9A.taxes BsalaryCexpenses Drent答案：C该组织是非营利性质的，为护理员们提供免费假期，故护理员们不需要承担任何费用(expenses)。tax “税”；salary “薪水”；rent “租金”；expense “花费”符合语境。10A.free BcaringCshort Dlong答案：A由上文所述该组织可知，这个假期是免费的。free “免费的”。11A.believe BtakeCrefuse Denjoy答案：A根据空后的“disbelief”可知，Tricia不相信她获得了免费休假。A项意为“相信”，符合语境。12A.woke BdefeatedCshowed Dmoved答案：B根据下一段中的“Tricia went, and her favorite parts of the trip were to enjoy”可知，Tricia接受了免费休假这件事情，由此可知，她对免费休假的向往打败(defeated)了对于留下孩子们的担忧。13A.wonderful BdeliciousCpeaceful Dsimple答案：D根据空后的“I got to eat hot food hot and cold food cold. I could go to bed when I wanted to and wake up whenever I chose to”可知，Tricia在度假时所做的事情都是很普通、很简单的(simple)事情。14A.heaviness BpainCsadness Ddisbelief答案：A她担心度假结束后，自己的生活会回归以前的沉闷，但出乎她意料的是后来的生活并没有回到从前。根据上文可知，Tricia是一个护理员，平时的工作都是照顾病人，生活少有放松的时候，故heaviness “沉闷”符合语境。15A.entertainment BdreamCvacation Dfreedom答案：C根据第四段第一句“Tricia was one of the first caregivers to go on vacation.”可知选C。16A.comment BstoryCsurprise Dfortune答案：B上文讲述的是Tricia享受免费休假的故事，故B项story “故事”符合语境。17A.worried BconfusedCunexpected Dstressed答案：D根据上文提到的Tricia担心度假结束后自己的生活会回归以前的沉闷可知，D项“stressed”符合语境。18A.award BchangeCscenery Daccommodation答案：B根据上文可知，其他看护人员和Tricia一样，在度假前他们的生活较为沉闷；结合后一句“They reflect and relax.”可知，在度假之后，他们变得很放松。据此可知，这样的改变令人惊讶。change意为“改变”，符合语境，故B项正确。19A.slightly BinterestinglyCmagically Dmostly答案：C这神奇地(magically)像是另外一个世界，并且给了他们一个从另一个角度看待他们的生活的机会。magically “魔法般地”符合语境。20A.place BsituationCheight Dangle答案：D由第17空所在的句子可知，护理员们免费度假后，对生活的看法有了明显的改变，即他们都能从另一个角度(angle)来看待自己的人生。.阅读理解AAlbert Einstein was probably the most famous scientist of the twentieth century. He changed scientific thinking in the modern world. He is generally considered as the greatest physicist who ever lived. Whats more, he devoted a lot of his time and energy to working for human rights and progress. In 1933, while Einstein was visiting