英语：高一定语从句课件.ppt

Attributive mytractormyredtractorfourguidestwoguitarsonthewallafewmixturesinthebottlesIhavesomethingimportanttotellyou Ineedaroomtolivein ThewhiteandblackdogsleepingunderthetreeTheoldladykilledintheaccidentyesterdayhasbeenburied Readthefollowingandtranslatethem 1 Thedog that Ifoundwasveryhungry 2 Thetomatoes which Iboughtweregreen 3 Thenoodles that Icookedweredelicious 4 Thefoodthatwasonthetablewasexpensive 5 Thepancake which Iatewastoodry Jointhesepairsofsentences e g Theeggswerenotfresh Iboughtthemyesterday Theeggswerenotfresh that which Iboughtyesterday 定语从句 定语从句 一 1 定语从句 用来修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句 它一般都跟在所修饰的名词或代词的后面 被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词 引导定语从句的词叫关系词 分为关系代词和关系副词 2 引导词 关系代词 who whom which that whose as 主宾表 关系副词 when where why 状 whose作定语 whom作宾语 人 人 物 人 物 1 Heprefersthecheese Itcomesfromhisparents farm 2 Thenoodlesweredelicious Youcookedthem 3 Ipreferdumplings Theyhavejustbeencooked 4 Don tdrinkwater Ithasnotbeenboiled 5 Thetomatoeswereexpensive Weatethemjustnow Heprefersthecheese Thenoodlesweredelicious that youcooked Ipreferdumplings thathavejustbeencooked that whichcomesfromhisparents farm Don tdrinkwater whichhasnotbeenboiled Thetomatoeswereexpensive that which weate 6 Thepancakesweremadeofcorn Youhadthemforbreakfast 7 SanFranciscoisabigcity ItliesinthewestoftheStatesverynearthePacific 8 Cheaphouseswerebuiltwithlittlemoney Theywerenotstrongenough Thepancakes that which youhadforbreakfastweremadeofcorn SanFranciscoisabigcitywhich thatliesinthewestoftheStatesverynearthePacific Cheaphousesthat whichwerenotstrongenoughwerebuiltwithlittlemoney 9 Theletterisfrommyaunt Ireceivedittwodaysago 10 Theplaywasveryinteresting Wesawitthenightbefore 11 Thetrainwaslate ItwasgoingtoYichang 12 Wheatisaplant ItisgrowninnorthernChina 13 Ihavelostthewatch Myfathergaveittometwoyearsago 14 Cheeseismadefrommilk Itislikedbypeopleinwesterncountries 15 Cream butterandcheesearekindsoffood Theymakeyoufat 16 Thisisthebestfilm Ithasbeenshownthisyear 17 Thisisthefirstschool Theyvisiteditinthiscity 18 Everythingisgoodtohim Shehasdoneit 19 Thisistheonlypencil Shefounditinthedrawer 20 Thisistheverymagazine Iamlookingforit 21 Thisisthedictionary Itscoverhasbeenbroken 22 Thisisthetree Itsleavesfirstturnyellowinthefall 定语从句 二 that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换 但在下列情况下 一般用that 不用which 1 先行词为all everything nothing something anything little much等不定代词时 Iamsureshehassomething that youcanborrow 2 先行词被all every no some any little much等修饰时 I vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine 3 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时 Thisisthefirstbook that hehasread 4 先行词被theonly thevery thelast修饰时 ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingfor 5 先行词既有人 又有物 引导词只用that Theschoolandstudentsthathevisitedmadeadeep impression 印象 onhim 6 Who Which What 之后引导词用that 不用who或which Whoistheladythatistalkingtoourteacher Whichisthebookthatyouwanttoread All helearnedfromtheteachersisvaluable Youcanfindalltheinformation youneedontheInternet Hetoldmeeverything heheardatthemeeting Sydneyisthefirstplace IvisitedinAustralia Thisisthemostamusing 惊讶的 story Ihaveread Theonlyinformation Igotishisaddress Thisistheverymoment candecideyourfuture I llneverforgetthebeautifulvillageandthekindvillagers Ivisitedthesummerholiday Whoistheman isstandingbythewindow that that that that that that that that that Fillinthegapswithaproperword 1 All Icoulddoistheofferofmycomfort 2 Thebook Ineedisinmybag 3 TheGreatWallisthelongestwall haseverexistedintheworld 4 Togetthejobstarted all Ineedisyourpermission 5 Finally thethiefhandedeverything hehadstolentothepolice 6 Isthisthemuseum youvisitedtheotherday that that which that that that that which 1 非限制性定语从句Hecamelateagain whichmademeangry 2 关系词前有介词ThisistheroominwhichChairmanoncelived 3 一个句子中含有两个定从 一个关系代词用that 另一个用whichLetmeshowyouthebookthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopentous 定语从句 三 只用which 不用that 1 先行词one ones anyone 指代人ThepersonIwanttolearnfromisonewhostudieshard 2 TherebeThereisagentlemanwhowantstoseeyou3 先行词在被分割的定语从句中ImetaforeignerintheparkyesterdaywhocanspeakChinesewell4 一个句子中两个定从 一个用that 另一个whoThemanthatwaspraisedatthemeetingisthemonitorwhoisverymodest 定语从句 四 修饰人只用who 不用that 定语从句 五 引导词在从句中作主语时 从句中谓语动词的单复数与所修饰的先行词保持一致 Thisisthegirlwho practice thepianoeveryday Hehasadaughterwho be verypretty Hehadtwodaughterswho be beautiful practices is were 1 Oneof结构中 Tomisoneoftheboyswhowerelate Tomisthe only theonly oftheboyswhowaslate 2 I who fondofmusic decidetomajorinmusicatcollege am 定语从句 六 引导词在从句中做宾语 可以省略 Yourfriend studiesinBeijingUniversity cametoseeyouyesterday Heistheman youhavebeenwaitingfor Thenecklace Maryborrowedfromherfriend wasmadeofglass Thebook thatIborroweditfromthelibrary iswellwritten ThewatchIgaveittoherworkswell who that who that whom which that 定语从句 七 关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时 可以把介词提前 介词 which whomTheman youtalkedtoisafamousactor Themanto youtalkedisafamousactor Thebook Iheardaboutwaswrittentenyearsago Thebookabout Iheardwaswrittentenyearsago whom who that whom which that which 1 Doyouknowthestudent A whomIoftentalkB withwhoIoftentalkC IoftentalkwithD thatIoftentalk2 Canyoutellmethebook theotherday A youtalkedaboutB aboutthatyoutalkedaboutC thatyoutalkedD whichyoutalked C A 定语从句 八 当先行词为时间 地点名词 且从句中缺少时间 地点状语 用关系副词when where引导从句 当先行词为reason 且从句中缺少原因状语 用关系副词why引导从句 Istillremembertheday IfirstcametoJixi when I llneverforgetthetime weworkedonthefarm when Thisisthehouse welivedlastyear where Thefactory hisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity where Thiswasthereason Iwaslate why Translatethefollowing 1 Thehousewhereweusedtolivewasaveryoldbuilding 2 TheschoolwhereIusedtogois7kilometersaway 3 ThehospitalwhereIwasbornwasverysmall 4 I llneverforgetthedaywhenweweresetfree 5 Irememberthetimewhenslavesusedtobesold 6 I llneverforgetthetimewhenIwassoldtotherichfarmer 定语从句 九 1 关系副词when和where引导的定语从句中 when和where可以用介词 which来代替 介词要根据与先行词的关系来确定 Hewillremembertheyears hestudiedatcollege when inwhich Thisisthefarm myfatherusedtowork where onwhich 2 关系副词why引导的定语从句中 why可以用for which来代替 Doyouknowthereasonwhy forwhichhewaslate Jointhefollowingpairsofsentences 1 Thisisthehouse Weusedtosleepinit 2 Ioftenvisittheplace Slavesusedtobesoldthere 3 Thehousewasquitebig Mymotherworkedinthehouse ThisisthehouseThisisthehouse whereweusedtosleep inwhichweusedtosleep Ioftenvisittheplace whereslavesusedtobesold Thehousewasquitebig wheremymotherworked Thehousewasquitebig inwhichmymotherworked 4 Thedatewas14thAugust Wemovedtoanotherstateonthatday 5 Thetimewasasadtime Wefoughtforfreedomduringthetime Thedatewas14thAugustThedatewas14thAugust whenwemovedtoanotherstate onwhichwemovedtoanotherstate ThetimewasasadtimeThetimewasasadtime whenwefoughtforfreedom duringwhichwefoughtforfreedom 6 Idon tknowthereason Shewaslatebecauseofthisreason Idon tknowthereason whyshewaslate 7 Doyouknowthedate Lincolnwasbornonthatday 8 Whatwastheyear LincolnfirstbecamePresidentoftheUSAintheyear 9 Whatwastheyear Fightingbrokeoutintheyear 10 Canyoutellmethedate Lincolnwasshotonthatday 1 Isthisthehospital heworkedtenyearsago A thatB whichC inwhichD inwhere2 Hisuncleworksinafactory bicyclesaremade AthatB whichC whereD inthat3 TheSecondWorldWar millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945 AduringwhichB inthatC whereD onwhich C C A 定语从句 十 介词 关系代词 介词的选择 用于这种情况的关系代词一般为which 指物 和whom 指人 1 根据从句中动词短语来确定 Thisisthecarforwhichyoupaidahighprice payfor ThemanwithwhomyoushookhandsjustnowisTom shakehandswithsb 2 根据先行词确定 when where why 介词 关系代词 I llneverforgetthedayonwhich when Ijoinedthearmy Thefactoryinwhich where hisfatherworksisfarawayfrommyhometown Idon tknowthereasonforwhich why hewaslateforschool Thisisthecamerawithwhichheoftentakesphotos 3 表示所属关系时 介词用of 即the 名词 of which whom whose 名词 Helivesinaroom thewindowofwhichfaceswest Helivesinaroom ofwhichthewindowfaceswest whosewindowfaceswest Thechildwassavedbyaman thenameofwhomwasnotknown Thechildwassavedbyaman ofwhomthenamewasnotknown whosenamewasnotknown 4 表示整体中的一部分或 中最 的 介词一般也用of both all some 分数 名词 of whom whichTheGreenshavetwodaughters bothofwhomarecollegestudents Chinahasmanyrivers thelongestofwhichistheYangtzeRiver 5 据句子的意思确定介词 Thisisthepilot 飞行员 forwhomIboughtacamera Thisisthepilotwithwhommybrotherhasworkedfortenyears Thisisthepilotbywhommysonwassaved Peter IplayedtennisonSundayswasfatterthanI Hishouse hepaid 10 000tenyearsagoisnowworth 30 000 Ilostmyglasses Icouldseenothing Thereisabigtree somepeoplearesittingandchatting Theycollectedmuchmoney theycouldhelpthedisabled YesterdaywevisitedtheCenturyPark therearemanypigeons Youcangetoffatthenextstop youcanchangefortheNo 10bus Thereistheplane IcametoShanghai withwhom forwhich withoutwhich underwhich withwhich inwhich atwhich onwhich 11 Canyourememberthefirstplace Lincolnworkedintheplace 12 Whatisthenameofthestate Lincolnwasborninthestate 13 Hehelpedhisfatheronthesmallfarm Theylivedonthesmallfarm 14 Thiswasatime TherewerestillslavesintheUSAduringthetime 15 Thisbookisaboutthetime LincolnwasPresidentduringthetime 16 Theschoolisstillstanding Lincolnlearnttoreadandwritethere 17 Thereweremanypoorpeopleinthetown Lincolngrewupthere 18 Lincolnhadverylittlefreetime Hecouldstudythen 19 Thetheatreisinthesamecity Lincolnwasshotthere 20 Tellmethereason Youdon twanttosharetheroomwithhimforthereason 21 Isthisthereason Youarelookingforhimforthisreason 1 Hebuiltatelescope hecouldstudythesky AinwhichB withthatC throughwhichD byit2 Ihavetwopens writeswell A NoneofwhichB neitherofwhichC noneofthemD neitherofthem3 Thattree thebranches 树枝 arealmostbare 秃的 isveryold A whoseB ofwhichC inwhichD onwhich4 Thetrain hewastrvellingwas10minuteslate A whichB onwhichC forwhichD onthat5 Thisisthefilm Iaminterested A inwhichBatwhichC inthatD onwhich C B B B A 1 Hebuiltatelescope hecouldstudythesky AinwhichB withthatC throughwhichD byit2 Ihavetwopens writeswell A NoneofwhichB neitherofwhichC noneofthemD neitherofthem3 Thattree thebranches 树枝 arealmostbare 秃的 isveryold A whoseB ofwhichC inwhichD onwhich4 Thetrain hewastrvellingwas10minuteslate A whichB onwhichC forwhichD onthat5 Thisisthefilm Iaminterested A inwhichBatwhichC inthatD onwhich C B B B A 1 TheGreenshavetwodaughters bothofwhomarecollegestudents 2 TheGreenshavetwodaughters andbothof arecollegestudents 3 TheGreenshavetwodaughters Bothof arecollege them them Tellthedifferencebetweenthem Thisisthefactory makesshoes Thisisthefactory hisfatherworks Thisisthefactory wevisitedyesterday Theday Iwillneverforget isJanuary30th Icannotforgettheday Ijoinedtheparty Pleasetellmethereason youarelate Hehastoldmethereason canexplainhisabsence 缺席 fromthemeeting Thereason hetoldus wasnottrue which that where which that which that when why which that which that 定语从句 十一 whose引导的定语从句 形式为 whose 名词 表示所属关系 即某人的 或某物的 如 Doyouknowtheboywhosefatherisascientist Therearemanytreeswhoseleaveshavefallenbecauseofdisease Thegirlwhosedressisredismysister 表示所属关系时 介词用of 关系代词为which whom 即the 名词 of which whom 可转换为whose 名词 Helivesinaroom thewindowofwhichfaceswest Helivesinaroom ofwhichthewindowfaceswest whosewindowfaceswest Thechildwassavedbyaman thenameofwhomwasnotknown Thechildwassavedbyaman ofwhomthenamewasnotknown whosenamewasnotknown 定语从句 十二 as引导的定语从句 as引导定语从句通常用在一些固定的句型中 如 thesame as such as asweexpected as