人教版必修三Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars reading课时作业 (3).docx

unit 4 astronomy- the science of the stars reading课时作业阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。aa man thirsts for adventure. often the journey is the destination itself, and you can learn a lot from a brief adventure into the wild. here are four types of outdoor adventures that every man should attempt to take.1. the ascent(登高)mountain climbing and backpacking is one way to truly test your limits. its a test of mental and physical strength. besides, it often requires months of preparation. there are plentiful famous mountains notable for being extremely challenging for even the most dedicated climbers. the one thing they all have in common is that they attract a certain type of a person: one with a desire to defeat nature.2. the solo(单独的) trip going out into the wild, alone, is one of the scariest things a lot of people could ever imagine. if you take proper precautions, a solo trip can be a very freeing and rewarding experience. particularly if you have some heavy things going on in your life perhaps a failing relationship, switching careers, or financial conflict getting away from everyone and everything can put you in tune with nature, and with yourself.3. the open oceanwhether you find yourself in a kayak(皮船), sailboat, or any other kind of water boat, getting out on the water arouses some very special feelings. nothing quite compares to having a gentle wind in your face, as you stare out at the vast and glassy expanse of the open water. 4. endurance(耐力) challenge this is when youre serious about putting your life on hold, and getting away from it all. endurance, in this case, can mean a number of things. trips like this can last months, and include thousands of miles. but they will test every fiber of your being psychologically, youll be in constant battle. physically, youll be tired and hungry almost all the time. and all of those things make these types of adventures the extreme test of will. you can climb mountains, deserts, rivers and lakes.1. what is the common point of the well-known challenging mountains? a. they appeal to people who are eager to overcome nature. b. they are beautiful enough to attract visitors. c. they are suitable for those who are experienced. d. they draw the attention of people who are well-prepared.2. what can be regarded as an endurance challenge? a. a relaxing walk around a park. b. a short trip to the countryside. c. a bike ride across the united states. d. a pleasant return to nature.3. what is the purpose of the passage? a. to appeal to more people to take adventures. b. to introduce four types of outdoor adventures. c. to compare four types of outdoor adventures. d. to present the difficulties of four types of outdoor adventures ba taiwanese schoolboy, 12, fell right into a valuable, centuries-old painting on a visit to a leonard da vinci-themed show in taipei. when he put out his hand to hold himself, he tore a hole “the size of a fist” in a $1.5 million artwork, “flowers”, by 17th-century italian baroque artist paolo porpora. “the boy was probably too concentrated on listening to what the guide was saying, and therefore stumbled,” said sun chi-hsuan, one of the exhibitions organizers. but sun said the cost of repairs to the damaged painting would be covered by insurance, meaning the boy and his family wont be asked to pay up. “im actually thinking of asking the boy back to be a volunteer in the exhibition for one day,” sun said, “as a punishment.” the painting is undergoing restoration by experts in taipei. “we will begin the restoration work by mending the part that was torn on the back,” said leo tsai, a fine art restorer. “we will then turn to restoring the paints on the front side.” curator(馆长) andrea rossi was left dumbfounded by news of the accident, according to sun. “when i told the curator, he was so shocked that for two to three minutes he couldnt say a single word,” sun said.“but he was actually most worried that the boy and family would put too much pressure on themselves.” “this is a one-off accident,” sun insisted. “i believe if viewers are placed so far away in the distance that paintings wont be destroyed if someone stumbles, they wont be able to appreciate the paintings to the full extent.”since news of the accident, visitor numbers at the show have gone up, but the restricted area in front of each painting has been enlarged to prevent further accidents.4. why did the boy tear a hole in the artwork “flowers”?a. to concentrate on the exhibit.b. to support himself while tripping.c. to listen to what the guide was saying.d. to fall into this valuable and centuries-old painting.5. who would pay for the repairs to the damaged painting?a. the exhibitions organizers.b. the boy and his family.c. experts in taipei. d. insurance.6. what was the curator andrea rossis response to the accident?a. he had nothing to say about it.b. he was surprised at it and became dumb.c. he could not speak any more because of it. d. he showed his concern for the boy and his family.7. what was the result of the accident?a. more people paid a visit to the exhibition.b. the boy and his family worked as volunteers.c. all viewers are placed so far away from the paintings.d. the experts could not fully restore the damaged painting.cyou are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or creator. when you choose to be a victim, the world is a cold and difficult place. “they” did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering. “they” are wrong and bad, and life is terrible as long as “they” are around. or you may blame yourself for all your problems, thus internalizing(内化)your victimization. the truth is, your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others.those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently. they know there are individuals who might like to control their lives, but they dont let this get in the way. they know they have their weaknesses, yet they dont blame themselves when they fail. whatever happens, they have choice in the matter. they believe their dance with each sacred(神圣的)moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.victims and creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical realities, yet their experience of life is worlds apart(天壤之别). victims relish (沉溺)in anger, guilt, and other emotions that cause others-and even themselves-to feel like victims, too. creators consciously choose love, inspiration, and other qualities which inspire not only themselves, but all around them. both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives.in reality, all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives. one person, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months, years, or even a lifetime. another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief, then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life.in every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have fuller, richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are.8. what does the word “they” in paragraph 1 probably refer to?a. people and things around you.b. opportunities and problems.c. creators and their choices. d. victims and their sufferings.9. what can we learn from paragraph 3?a. creators and victims face quite different things in life.b. creators and victims are masters of their lives.c. victims can influence more people than creators.d. compared with victims, creators are more emotional.10. the examples mentioned in paragraph 4 show that _.a. strong attachment to sufferings in life pulls people into victims.b. people need family support to deal with challenges in life.c. it takes creators quite a long time to get rid of their pains.d. ones experiences determine his attitude toward life.11. what is the authors purpose in writing this passage? a. to define victims and creators. b. to evaluate victims against creators. c. to explain the relationship between victims and creators. d. to suggest the transformation from victims to creators. dnot all memories are sweet. some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. often they relive(再体验) these experiences in nightmares.now american researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. the pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. they hope it might reduce, or possibly erase（抹去）the effect of painful memories.in november, experts tested a drug on people in the us and france. the drug stops the body releasing(释放) chemicals that fix memories in the brain. so far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.the research has caused a great deal of argument. some think it is a bad idea, while others support it.supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers troubling memories after war. they say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.“some memories can ruin peoples lives. they come back to you when you dont want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. they usually come with very painful emotions,” said roger pitman, a professor of psychiatry(精神病学) at harvard medical school. “this could relieve a lot of that suffering.”but those who are against the research say that changing memories is very dangerous because memories give us our identity(特质). they also help us all avoid th