江苏省徐州市睢宁县宁海外国语学校高中英语 Module3 Unit2 Language project导学案 译林牛津版必修3 (2).doc

module3 unit2 languageproject the development of chinese characters【学习目标】1. get to know the development of chinese characters.2. get informed of the formation of chinese characters.3. learn to explain the chinese character by the way it forms.预学案翻译下列句子：汉语和西方语言不同，区别在于它不使用字母，而是用汉字表示思想、物体和行为。_中文的词语是通过把不同的汉字放在一起而组成的。_在许多情况下，一个单字也能构成一个词。_通过研究这些汉字是如何发展的就可以考察汉语的历史了。_虽然这些类型的汉字能够表示意义，但是它们的缺点之一是其字形不具有表音的功能。_探究案skimming:skim the text and discuss the structure of the text with your partner. think about how many parts we can divide the whole text into. main ideapart 1: _ a. the origin of chinese characters.part 2: _ b. simplified chinese characters. part 3: _ c. brief introduction of chinese characters.part 4: _ d. form and development of chinese characters. detailed reading:1. when did chinese writing begin? _2. who first invented chinese writing?_3. when did the chinese government introduce simplified chinese characters?_4. where are simplified chinese characters used?_task-based reading:the development of chinese charactersbrief introduction in chinese language, we use characters instead of an alphabet. many words are formed by _1_ different characters. sometimes a single character can also make up a word.origin cang jie, who _2_ by the tracks of animals in the snow, invented the first chinese characters. he used different shapes to _3_ different objects.different _4_of forming characters some characters were _5_ up of two or more characters. some were made for directions and numbers. some characters consisted of two parts, one _6_ the meaning and the other the pronunciation.simplified chinese charactersintroduced in the 1950s and coming into widespread use now.练习案1. the chinese language differs from western languages in that, instead of an alphabet, it uses characters which stand for ideas, objects or deeds. 汉语与西方语言不同，区别在于它不使用字母，而是用汉字表示思想、物体或行为。 【句法分析】which 引导的定语从句修饰先行词 characters。 differ from 和不同，不同于1） 在这方面法语不同于英语。_2） people differ from one another in their ability to handle stress._【拓展】a differs from b = a is different from b a区别于b/a和b不同differ in 在方面不同in that 在于，因为1）她很幸运，因为她有朋友相助。_2) animals suffered at the hands of man _ they were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural land to provide food for more people.a. in which b. for which c. so that d. in that2. then he had the idea that he could use different shapes to represent different objects. 于是他想到可以用不同的形状来代表不同的物体。 represent vt. 代表；象征；展示，描绘 represent sth. 代表 represent to sb. 向某人描绘 represent sth. as/to be 把描绘成，自称是1） 他代表国家参加了奥运会。_2) 用另一种方式向我说明你的想法。_3) li xing, who _ our team, took part in the opening ceremony held in jinan last week.a. signed b. compared c. represented d. presented 【拓展】 representation n. 代表，描绘，象征 representational adj. 代表的 representative adj. 典型的，代表性的；n. 代表，代理人3. some characters have been simplified and others have been made more difficult over time.随着时间的推移，一些汉字被简化了，而另一些则变得更加复杂了。 simplify vt. 简化1) they made an attempt to simplify the tax laws._2) 努力对孩子们解释得简明一些。_3) while intelligent people can often _ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.a. sacrifice b. substitute c. simplify d. survive 【拓展】 simplification n. 简化 simplified adj. 简化的 simple adj. 简单的，朴素的 simply adv. 简朴地，确实4. it is easy to distinguish their meanings by looking at them, for example, the characters for up and down, which are opposites of each other. 只要看它们的字形，就可以很容易区别它们的意识，比如汉字“上”和“下”，其字形恰好相反。 【句法分析】it 在句中作形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式短语to distinguish; which 在句中引导非限制性定语从句。 distinguish vt. 区分，辨别；使具有某种特征；使著名、出众 distinguish between a and b = distinguish a from b 区别a与b distinguish oneself as 作为而出名 distinguish oneself for 因而出名1） 他是色盲，很难分清红色和绿色。_ 2) 是什么使得她有别于其他同学呢？ _3) she has already distinguished herself as an athlete._ 【拓展】 distinguishable adj. 可辨别的 distinguished adj. 杰出的，著名的；高贵的；有尊严的5. though these kinds of characters indicate meanings, one of their shortcomings is that they do not show how they should be pronounced. 虽然这几种类型的汉字能够表意，但是它们的缺点之一是其字形不具有表音的功能。 【句法分析】though 在句中引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管；虽然”。that 引导表语从句，在表语从句中又包含一个how 引导的宾语从句。 indicate vt. 显示，表示；象征，暗示 indicate sth. to sb. 向某人指出 indicat