四级做题方法详解.doc

四 级 阅 读 讲 义阅读部分：选词填空（7 分钟5%）+ 长篇阅读（15分钟10%）+仔细阅读 （18分钟20%）一 选 词 填 空1. 审选项，写词义 2.标注词性（借助单词特点） 3.注意词形4.固定搭配5.句子成分6.注意线索 常考词性：动词，名词，形容词，副词4-ly effectively-ent component,efficient-ion detection-able avoidable-fy specify-ive conclusive-ous marvelousSub- subconscious 各词性常见位置1.动词(v. ) 后有宾语时 have a higher risk of developing it 前有助动词，变被动或进行时的时候 考虑v+ed或v+ing文中缺后置定语，状语，或固定搭配，由动词非谓语形式充当，考虑v+ed, v+ing或动词原形Other environmental factors shared by siblings;(后置定语)You will want to do strength training two or three days a week, allowing recovery days between sessions.（伴随状语）More sleep in old age, however, is associated with better health.(固定搭配)2.名词(n. ) 放在形容词、冠词、指示代词、介词后The general principle is simple.放在动词后Its asking communities across the country to help the food banks固定搭配 on the basis of the findings, the researchers recommend3.形容词(adj. ) 与形容词并列 a stable, sustainable way is the cornerstone放在副词后How smart they are, or what career they are likely to accept.放在名词前 It carries the lowest risk of injury.4.副词(adv.) 放在形容词前Balance training are increasingly important as the body ages.放在动词之前或之后 Younger people are better at sleeping efficiently straight through the night. Its definitely a myth that older people need less sleep. It is good to briefly stretch it in an opposite position.位置灵活，也可能出现在句尾或句中 They are still on the edge financially.With the worlds population estimated to grow from six to nine billion by 2050, researchers, businesses and governments are already dealing with the impact this increase will have on everything from food and water to infrastructure (基础设施) and jobs. Underling all this 47 will be the demand for energy, which is expected to double over the next 40 years.Finding the resources to meet this demand in a 48 , sustainable way is the cornerstone (基石) of our nations energy security, and will be one of the major 49 of the 21st century. Alternative forms of energy- bio-fuels, wind and solar, to name a few are 50 being funded and developed, and will play a growing 51 in the worlds energy supply. But experts say that even when 52 , alternative energy sources will likely meet only about 30% of the worlds energy needs by 2050.For example, even with 53 investments, such as the $93 million for wind energy development 54 in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, important alternative energy sources such as wind and bio-fuels 55 only about 1% of the market today.Energy and sustainability experts say the answer to our future energy needs will likely come from a lot of 56 both traditional and alternative.A)stable B)solutions C)significant D)role E)progress n.进步，发展F)marvelousG)includedv+ed包含，包括H)growth n.生长I)exactly adv.正确地，确切地J)consist v.由。组成Consist ofK)comprise L)competitions n.+s竞争，竞赛M)combined N)challenges n+s挑战O)certainly adv.的确二 长 篇 阅 读要求：篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。有的段落可能对应两题，有的段落可能不对应任何一题。解题方法：1.研读题目，确定关键词关键词:（1）.句中最有特点的说法，或最想突出强调的信息（2）. 人名、地名、组织名、国名、时间、数字、地点、大写字母的单词容以及比较生僻的单词易定位。46. The author attended the conference, hoping to find some guiding principles for parenting in the electronic age.48. Some experts believe that human intelligence develops by the use of hands.49. The author found a former Montessori teacher exercising strict control over her kids, screen time.2.略读+寻读 研表究明，汉字序顺并不定一影阅响读。比如当你看完这句话后，才发这现里的字全是都乱的。略读：意群 祝那些复习的很好还说自己要挂科的孩子心想事成！上帝给你关上一扇门，总会为你在墙上留下很多开锁的电话号码。再烦我就把你绑草船上借箭去！英语中的意群：以主句谓语为界限，以主句为线索，附属成分看成一个单元（即从句看成一个单元，定语状语看成一个单元）There are so many Chinese dialects /that two people from different provinces or even from the same province /cannot understand /each other.Decision-thinking is not unlike poker-playing. It matters not only what you think, and what they think you think, and what you think they think you think.但是，没那么复杂的句型，一定要扩大意群的范围：Buckleitner spent the breaks/ testing whether his own remote-control helicopter could reach the halls second story,/ while various children /who had come with their parents /looked up in awe（敬畏）and delight. But mostly they looked down, /at the iPads and other tablets /displayed around the hall /like so many open boxes of candy.避免：指读，回读，译读，默读或出声读，纠缠细节，摇头晃脑，视幅过小需要：视域要宽，意群要长，注意力高度集中寻读：即略读的同时注意寻找文章信息（1）.直接发现关键词（最简单）（2）. 等价替换（中等）（3）.概括总结（最难）总结：查找句子关键词根据意群快速寻读划出根据仔细对比文后句子。The Touch-Screen GenerationA) On a chilly day last spring, a few dozen developers of childrens apps（应用程序）for phones and tablets（平板电脑）gathered at an old beach resort in Monterey, California, to show off their games. The gathering was organized by Warren Buckleitner, a longtime reviewer of interactive childrens media. Buckleitner spent the breaks testing whether his own remote-control helicopter could reach the halls second story, while various children who had come with their parents looked up in awe（敬畏）and delight. But mostly they looked down, at the iPads and other tablets displayed around the hall like so many open boxes of candy. I walked around and talked with developers, and several quoted a famous saying of Maria Montessoris, “The hands are the instruments of mans intelligence.”C) In 2011, the American Academy of Pediatrics（儿科） updated its policy on very young children and media. In 1999, the group had discouraged television viewing for children younger than 2, citing research on brain development that showed this age groups critical need for “direct interactions with parents and other significant care givers.” The updated report began by acknowledging that things had changed significantly since then. In 2006, 90% of parents said that their children younger than 2 consumed some form of electronic media. Nevertheless, the group took largely the same approach it did in 1999, uniformly（一致地） discouraging passive media use, on any type of screen, for these kids. E) I fell into conversation with a woman who had helped develop Montessori Letter Sounds, an app that teaches preschoolers the Montessori methods of spelling. She was a former Montessori teacher and a mother of four. I myself have three children who are all fans of the touch screen. What games did her kids like to play, I asked, hoping for suggestions I could take home.“They dont play all that much.”Really? Why not?“Because I dont allow it. We have a rule of no screen time during the week, unless its clearly educational. ”No screen time? None at all? That seems at the outer edge of restrictive, even by the standards of over controlling parents.“On the weekends, they can play. I give them a limit of half an hour and then stop. Enough.”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。48. Some experts believe that human intelligence develops by the use of hands.49. The author found a former Montessori teacher exercising strict control over her kids, screen time.50. Research shows interaction with people is key to babies brain development.54. The kids at the gathering were more fascinated by the iPads than by the helicopter.三 仔 细 阅 读1.先题后文，定位排除2.同义替换， 一步推理3.主旨题目，多找总结4.长难句子，容易出题Our risk of cancer rises dramatically as we age. So it makes sense that the elderly should be routinely screened for new tumors or doesnt it?While such vigilant（警觉的）tracking of cancer is a good thing in general, researchers are increasingly questioning whether all of this testing is necessary for the elderly. With the percentage of people over age 65 expected to nearly double by 2050, its important to weigh the health benefits of screening against the risks and costs of routine testing.In many cases, screening can lead to surgeries to remove cancer, while the cancers themselves may be slow-growing and may not pose serious health problems in patients remaining years. But the message that everyone must screen for cancer has become so deep-rooted that when health care experts recommended that women under 50 and over 74 stop screening for breast cancer, it caused a riotous reaction among doctors, patients and advocacy groups.Its hard to uproot deeply held beliefs about cancer screening with scientific data. Certainly, there are people over age 75 who have had cancers detected by routine screening, and gained several extra years of life because of treatment. And clearly, people over age 75 who have other risk factors for cancer, such as a family history or prior personal experience with the disease, should continue to get screened regularly. But for the remainder, the risk of cancer, while increased at the end of life, must be balanced with other factors like remaining life expectancy（预期寿命）.A recent study suggests that doctors start to make more objective decisions about who will truly benefit from screening- especially considering the explosion of the elderly that will soon swell our population.Its not an easy calculation to make, but one that makes sense for all patients. Dr. Otis Brawley said, “Many doctors are ordering screening tests purely to cover themselves. We need to think about the rational use of health care.”That means making some difficult decisions with elderly patients, and going against the misguided belief that when it comes to health care, more is always better.1. Why do doctors recommend routine cancer screening for elderly people?A) It is believed to contribute to long life.B) It is part of their health ca