译林新版UNIT2义.doc

授课类型 T9AUNIT2基础知识梳理C 宾语从句T阅读理解授课日期时段2014年9月13日10:10-12:10教学内容一 同步知识梳理知识点1: 词汇1 would rather 宁可也不,宁愿 2 pink n.&adj. 粉红色(的) 3 indigo n.&adj. 4 violet n.&adj. 紫罗兰色(的) 5 rainbow n. 彩虹 6 mood n. 心情，情绪 7 sleepy adj. 欲睡的，困倦的 8 represent vt. 代表，象征 9 relaxed adj. 放松的，不拘束的 10 harmony n. 和谐 11 sadness n. 悲哀，忧伤 12 calm adj.&n. 平静（的） 13 stressed adj. 焦虑不安的 14 purity n. 纯洁 15 wedding n. 婚礼，结婚 16 satisfied adj. 满意的，满足的 17 climate n. 气候 18 prefer vt.&vi. 宁愿选择，更喜欢 19 remind vt. 提醒，使想起 20 wisdom n. 智慧 21 growth n. 生长 22 envy n. 妒忌；羡慕 23 jealous adj. 嫉妒的；羡慕的 24 physical adj. 物理的，身体的 25 mental adj. 精神的，思想的 26 strength n. 力量 27 heat n. 热 28 difficulty n. 困难，费力 29 decision n. 决定 30 deep adj.&adv. 深的，深厚的 31 warmth n. 暖和，温暖，热情 32 powerful adj. 有力的，强大的 重点词组1.would ratherthan 宁愿做某事2.nothing wrong 没什么错的3.look good on you 穿在你身上很好看 4.look good in red 穿红色很好看5.in the sky 在空中 6.change ones moods 改变某人的心情7.prefer to do sth =would rather do sth 宁愿做某事 8.cheer up 高兴起来9.remind sb of 使某人想起某事 10.take action 采取措施11.make a decision 下定决心 12.be in a bad mood 处于坏心情 13.keep doing sth 一直做某事 14.make phone calls to 打电话给15.make sure 确保，确信 16.think of 考虑17.give sb some advice 给某人一些建议18.what to wear 穿什么 19.look more powerful 看起来很有力量20.a little bit stressed 有一点压力，焦虑 21.a good match 好搭配22.be on holiday 在度假 23.something strange 奇怪的事24.just like 就象 25.show sth to sb 把某物展示给某人看26.put on ones home page 把放在网页上 27.affect our moods 影响我们的心情28.create a feeling of harmony 产生一种和谐感29.be good for our mind and our body 对我们的大脑和身体有好处30.the colour of wisdom 智慧之色 31.the yellow stationery 黄色的文具32.in need of 在的需求中 33.in a bad mood 处于一种坏的心情34.make sb +adj. 使某人处于某种状态35.make sb. do sth 让某人做某事36.would rather do A than do B=prefer doing A to doing B 宁愿做A事也不做B事知识点2：重点句子1 Id rather wear blue than pink. would rather do sth than do sth 比较某事而言更喜欢做某事，是一个谈论意愿的句型相当于like doing sth. better than（doing）sth.或prefer doing sth. to doing sth.2. Red and white are a good match, as the powerful red balances the calm white. 红色和白色是好的搭配，因为强烈的红色平衡宁静的白色。“因为”引导原因状语从句，说明直接原因。3.Wearing red makes it easier for you to take action. 穿红色使你很容易采取行动。句中it为形式宾语，真实宾语为for you to take action，宾语补足语为easier。4.People who live in cold climates prefer to use warm colours to give their homes a warm and comfortable feel. 住在冷气候中的人们更喜欢用暖色给家带来一种温暖、舒适的感觉。prefer to do sth例：I prefer to have coffee. prefer doingto doing例：I prefer reading to writing.prefer sth to sth （接名词） 例I prefer blue to red.5. But blue looks good on you. 可你穿兰色好看。(Sth.) looks good on (sb). (Sb)looks good in (sth.).6.My brother prefers reading to writing.=My brother would rather read than write.比较写作而言,我的哥哥更喜欢读书.7.This can help when you are having difficulty making a decision. 当你做决定有困难时起作用。having difficulty/problems/questions +( in) doing sth 做某事有困难8.hope/wish相同：都可接动词不定式做宾语如I hope /wish to go to Shanghai.区别：wish可接双宾语和复合宾语，hope而不能。即：wish sb. sth. 和wish sb. to do sth.(而hope不可以这么用)例： We wish you a happy new year.wish表示愿望时从句用虚拟语气。 I wish I could fly.9. 复合不定代词 someone/somebody anyone/ anybody no one/ nobody everyone/ everybody适用于指代不固定指的某人。作主语时， 谓语动词用单数。Somebody / someone “某人”， 用于肯定句；anybody /anyone “某人”用于一般疑问句和含有not的否定句，有时用在肯定句中，意思是“任何人”；nobody 和no one“无人”，因本身含有否定意义，不与not连用。Everyone / everybody“人人，大家”，有“(整体)都”之意，作主语时，谓语动词仍用单数。10. 复合不定代词 something anything everything nothing none适用于指代不固定指的某事（物）。作主语时， 谓语动词用单数。something “某事（物）”用于肯定句；但在表达问话者想得到肯定回答时，也用于一般问句。anything“某事（物）”，用于一般疑问句和含有not的否定句；在肯定句中意思是“任何事（物）”。everything“每件事（物）”，有“(整体)都”之意，作主语时，谓语动词仍用单数。nothing “无事（物）”，因本身含有否定意义，不与not连用。None“无（一个）”适用于事物，也适用于人。常构成none of的短语，后接特指的人或事物（含不可数名词），None 或 none of作主语，谓语动词用单复数均可，指不可数名词时，用单数。回答how many / much的特殊问句时，用none，而回答who的特殊疑问句时用no one。 形容词修饰不定代词放在不定代词之后。11 Orange represents joy. It can bring you success and cheer you up when you are feeling sad. 橙色代表欢乐。它给你带来成功，并能在你感到悲伤时使你振作起来。bring you success “带给你成功”，bring后面是双宾语。cheer you up“使振奋起来”。课堂达标检测一 单项选择( ) 1. They all looked _ at the teacher when he told them the good news. A unhappily B happily C happiness D happy( ) 2. -Is your mother badly ill? -No, _, only a little cold. A serious anything B serious nothing C. nothing serious D. anything serious( ) 3. The Smiths _ sending e-mails _ letters because it s faster. A prefer; to writing B prefer; to write C prefers; to writing D prefers; to write( ) 4. He _ stay at home _ go shopping with us. A. prefers, rather than B would rather, than C prefers, to D would like, than( ) 5. The trousers look good _ Sandy because she looks nice _ red. A. on, in B. on, on C. in, on D. in, in ( ) 6. The little boy has difficulty _ the maths problem. A work out B to work out C working out D works out( ) 7 -Would you like some salad? -Yes, please. Its my favourite. I think _ is more delicious than salad. A something B anything C nothing D everything ( ) 8. The colour of blue _ the feeling of _. A. makes, energy B. represents, joy C. creates, harmony D. affects, purity( ) 9. The students are all tired, but _ of them stopped to have a rest. A none B nobody C no one D neither( ) 10. Most boys _ guns to dolls while most girls _ have dolls than guns. A. would rather, prefer B. prefer, would rarther C. would rather, would rather D. prefer, prefermost girls _ have dolls than guns.句子翻译1. 我宁愿把它挂在我的主页上，也不愿给大家看。I _ hang it on my home page _show it to everybody.2 黑头发黑皮肤的人穿红色和紫色好看。People with dark hare and skin _ in red and purple.来源:Zxxk.Com3. 你能给我一些关于穿什么颜色衣服的建议吗？_ me some advice on what colour clothes _? 4. 比起白颜色的衣服，她更喜欢色彩艳丽的衣服。She _colourful clothes _ white clothes.一、 专题精讲 知识点1：什么是宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。I like my teacher.（名词作宾语)I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语）I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语）I know him .（代词作宾语）知识点2：什么 是宾语从句？我们 知道 姚明We know Yao Ming 主s 谓v 宾o我们 知道 他是一个著名的篮球运动员We know that he is a famous basketball player主s 谓v 连接词 主s 谓v 宾o有哪些句子可以做宾语？n 1，陈述句，he is a famous basketball playern 2, 一般疑问句， Will our teachers attend the meeting ？n 3， 特殊疑问句，which coat did you prefer?知识点3：宾语从句的语序句子的两种语序:1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序There is a shop near here?2 疑问句结构叫疑问语序 Is there a shop near here?宾语从句必须用 _陈述语序_连接词（引导词） 1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略v Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. v She says (that) she wont take part in the sports meetingnext Sunday.v Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party.v He said (that) he would like to see the headmaster.在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句v Im sorry (that) I dont know .v Were sure (that) our team will win .v Im afraid (that) he wont pass the exam .e.g. 1. I hear (that) _. （一小时后他会回来）2. He said (that) _. （他非常想念我们）3. The teacher told us (that) _.（地球围着太阳转）练一练用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1. I know 2. She says 3. Tell your friend （that）1.This is a book. 2.You like singing.3.He worked last night. 4.They will go home.5.Jim has been to Beijing. 6.She sings well.一般疑问句做宾语I ask Does he want to go swimming? 1, 改为陈述句语气，2，用if/whether连接I ask If/whether he wants to go swimming由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：n I want to know if (whether) he lives there.n He asked me whether (if) I could help him.n注意：以下情况只用whether，不用if。1. whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用。如： (正) Let me know whether you can come or not. (误) Let me know if you can come or not. 2. 当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导。如： (正) Whether it is true or not, I cant tell. (误) If it is true or not, I cant tell. 3. whether可以引导带to的不定式。如： (正)I dont know whether to accept or refuse. (误) I dont know if to accept or refuse. 4. whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语。如： (正)I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. (误) I worry about if I hurt her feelings. 练一练用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3.The teacher asks （if/whether）1.Is he reading ? 2.Do you get up at six?3.Does Tom work hard? 4.Did you watch TV ?5.Will they read books ? 6.Can you sing ?特殊疑问句做宾语I wonder Which tie do you like best？特殊疑问句变成 陈述语序连接词就是疑问词本身I wonder which tie you like best?练一练：用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3. Can you tell me 1. What is this ? 2. What are you doing ?3. Where do you live ? 4.When does he get up ?5. How did you go to work? 6 Who will you play with?宾语从句中时态的变化1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则）I hear (that)Jim_ ( be ) a worker two years ago.Jim ( be ) an English teacher now . Jim ( cook ) dinner tomorrow .Jim ( sing )a popular song now.Jim ( be ) to the Great Wall twice . Jim ( play ) basketball when his father came back. Jim ( learn )1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester. 2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）He said1) He_ Hong Kong .2) He_ sick.3) He _ a book . 4) He_专题练习：I从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。Do you know _?A. where does she live B. she lives whereC. where she lives D. where she live2. His parents wanted to know what he _at that time. A. is doing B. was doing C. has done D. will do3.We dont know _. - It is said that he was born in Canada.A. what he is B. when he was born C. where he comes from D. if he lives here 4Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find _?A. what Lily was B. what was LilyC. where Lily was D. where was Lily5 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take 6 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled 7. Could you please tell me _ he will come here tomorrow?A. if B. weather C. what D. which8. Could you tell me _? A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave BeijingC. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing II.改错：1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school.2.Father told me the sun always rose in the east.3.He doesnt know that when she can come back.4 Could you tell me where do they live?5 She knew that Danny is a student.6 He told me that winter was colder than autumn 7 Do you know who car it is?.完成句子。1. I hear (that) he _ in an hour.2. He said (that) he _ very much.People in developed countries usually get their drinking water from a faucet(水龙头) or a bottle. But finding safe drinking water can be rather d (1)in developing countries. People in India, for example, often drink polluted water, which can lead to illness or even d (2). But one Indian company, Sarvajal, has i (3)a great machine: the “water ATM”. Sarvajals water filtering(水过滤) network has already p (4)clean water in more than 130 places. Many of these places are small v (5). The water ATM is new and important part of Sarvajals business. How do these water ATMs w (6)? First, local workers filter water using Sarvajals equipment(设备). Then workers s (7) the clean water to the ATMS and sell prepaid(预付款) cards to local people. Then they can e (8) get water form the ATMs with the cards. Thanks to Sarvajals network and water ATMs, clean water is now a (9) to over 70,000 people in India. It makes sense that in one of the local l (10) Sarvajal means “water for all”.六、1.difficult 2.death 3.invented 4.provide/produced/prepared 5.villages 6.work 7.send 8.easily 9.available 10.languages 学法升华知识收获宾语从句三要素引导词that（陈述句 ）ifwhether（一般疑问句 ）特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句)时态主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态主句为一般过去时，从句：一般过去时、过去将来时、过去进行时、过去完成时客观真理 自然现象公式定理 名言警句 时态不变语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序课后作业一 单项选择 ( ) 1. Sarah _ coffee with nothing in it.A. prefersB. prefers toC. would ratherD. would like to( ) 2. How many students have passed the examination? _.A. No oneB. NoneC. NobodyD. Nothing( ) 3. What would you like to drink? It doesnt matter. _ will be OK.A. NothingB. EverythingC. SomethingD. Anything( ) 4. Is there anybody in the library? _, the door is closed.A. NoneB. No, nobody.C. Yes, somebody.D. No, nothing.( ) 5. What shall we do this weekend?You can go swimming, hiking, or _ else you enjoy doing.A. somebodyB. nobodyC. everythingD. anything( ) 6. My brother can speak _ English. A. a bit B. a little C. a few D. bit little( ) 7. Green represents _ . When you feel weak, you can wear green. A. sadness B. purity C. joy D. energy( ) 8. They havent seen each other _ they left school. A. after B. since C. before D. when( ) 9. Colours can make us _ or sad.A. to feel happily B. feel happy C. to feel happy D. feel happily( ) 10. Shall we go hiking tomorrow? _. The radio says it will rain. A. Sure B. Thats a good idea C. Im afraid we cant D. All right.( ) 11. I s there _ in the fridge? No, _. A. something, anything B. anything, something C. anything, nothing D. nothing, anything ( ) 12. Can you remember _ me two days ago? Sorry, _ I forgot it. A. to meet, so B. met, but C. met, and D. meeting, but ( ) 13.Your little sister should _ while you are away. A. be looked after good. B. be looked after well C. be taken good care D. be taken care of well( ) 14. The boy promised _ late for school again.A. to notB not to beC not beingD being not( ) 15 What about _ hiking this afternoon? Great. Id like _ with you.A. to go, going B going, goingC going, to go D to go, to go( ) 16. Could you tell me the time? Sorry, my watch _.A wasnt working B doesnt workC doesnt go D isnt going( ) 17. Could you please give me _?A any adviceB some advice C some advicesD any advices( ) 18. What about trying on the shirt and blue jeans? _.A Help yourself B Good idea C Me, too D Its not good( )19. It was a long time before I got to _ again. A. sleep B. asleep C. sleeping D. sleepy ( ) 20. He _ buy a new TV. A. needs B. would like C. wants D. would rather( ) 21. I cant decide which one is _, so I will take both o