英语资料.doc

n 1.Air Pollutionn 由于人类活动和自然过程引起某种物质进入大气中，呈现出足够的浓度达到足够的时间，并因此而危害了人群的舒适、健康和福利或危害了环境的现象n Air that contains one or more chemicals in high enough concentrations to harm humans, other animals, vegetation or materialsnn 2.Greenhouse effect is the effect produced by the accumulation of carbon dioxide crystals and water vapor in the upper atmosphere, which insulates the earth and raises the atmospheric temperature by preventing heat loss.n 温室效应是由于上层大气中二氧化碳晶体和水蒸汽的累积而产生的效应，它隔离地球，并通过阻止热量损失使大气温度升高。n 3. Global warming refers to the enhancement of the natural greenhouse effect due to rising atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases resulting from human activities.n 全球变暖指的是由于人类活动导致大气中温室气体浓度增加，从而加强了自然的温室效应n 4.(1)particulate control technology（颗粒控制技术）n 机械力、过滤式、静电、湿式n cyclone separator旋风分离器 n fabric filters布袋过滤器 n electrostatic precipitators静电除尘器 n wet scrubbers湿式洗涤器 nl Sources of Air Pollutants（大气污染源）l can be classified into two major categories which are:l Anthropogenic sources (human activity) mostly related to burning different kinds of fuel人为来源（人类活动）大多与燃烧各种燃料l Stationary Sources include smoke stacks of power plants, manufacturing facilities (factories) and waste incinerators, as well as furnaces and other types of fuel-burning heating devices. 固定污染源包括烟囱发电厂，生产设施（工厂）和垃圾焚烧炉，以及与其他类型的燃料燃烧加热装置。l Mobile Sources include motor vehicles, marine vessels, aircraft and etc. 移动源”包括车辆，船舶，飞机等。l Fumes from paint, hair spray, varnish, aerosol sprays and other solvents烟雾从油漆，清漆，头发喷雾，气溶胶喷雾和其他溶剂l 2.Hazardous Wastel A hazardous waste is waste that poses substantial or potential threats to public health or the environment. l According to the U.S. environmental laws (see Resource Conservation and Recovery Act) hazardous wastes fall into two major categories: listed wastes and characteristic wastes. l Listing is the most common method of defining hazardous waste.危险废物废物，造成重大或潜在威胁公众健康和环境。根据美国环境法（见资源保护和恢复法）危险废物分为2大类：上市废物和废物特性。上市是最常见的方法确定危险废物。l Characteristic hazardous wastes are materials that are known or tested to exhibit a hazardous trait such as:l ignitability (i.e., flammable) l corrosivityl reactivityl toxicity 特性的危险废物的材料，是已知或测试出危险等特征：可燃性（即，易燃）腐蚀性的反应性毒性ll Environmental Impact Assessment is a systematic process to identify, predict and evaluate the environmental effects of proposed actions in order to aid decision making regarding the significant environmental consequences of projects, developments and programmes. l 环境影响评价，是指对规划和建设项目实施后可能造成的环境影响进行分析、预测和评估，提出预防或者减轻不良环境影响的对策和措施，进行跟踪监测的方法与制度。l Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their own needs. 可持续发展是既满足当代的需求又不危及后代人满足其需求的发展。l The United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) definition of Cleaner Production, and the one in most common use is, cleaner production means the continuous application of an integrated, preventative environmental strategy to processes, products and services to increase eco-efficiency and reduce risks to humans and the environment.l 清洁生产是指将整体预防的环境战略持续地应用于生产过程、产品和服务中，以增加生态效率和减少人类及环境的风险。l Monitoring Programme监测方案l Monitoring is of little use without a clear and unambiguous definition of the reasons for the monitoring and the objectives that it will satisfy. l The key feature of any programme is the listing of what is being monitored and how that monitoring is to take place and the time-sc