高中英语倒装句语法知识汇总.doc

高中英语倒装句语法知识汇总一.概念: 英语句子通常有两种语序:一种主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序,另一种谓语在前,主语在后,称为倒装语序。二.相关知识点精讲按“主语+ 谓语” 这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序。如果排列顺序变为“谓语（ 或谓语一部分）+主语”，就是倒装。倒装句分为：完全倒装： 整个谓语移至主语前面叫完全倒装。部分倒装： 只把助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前叫部分倒装。1. 当以there, here, out , in , up , down, away 等副词开头的句子，为了起到强调的作用，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。Our teacher came in. In came our teacher.这种倒装要求：主语必须是名词。主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语语序不变。Here it is. Away he went.这类倒装句式一般只用一般现在时和一般过去时。Here comes the bus. Out rushed the boys.2. how, then, just, often 表示时间的副词放在句首，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。Then came 8 years of the Anti Japanese War.3. 表地点状语的介词短语放在句首，要用倒装句式，以示强调。这种倒装句也是主谓直接调换位置，不加助动词did, does或do.Under a big tree _, half asleep.A. did sat a fat manB. a fat man sat C. did a fat man satD. sat a fat man4. there放在句首时，要用倒装句式。在“there + be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be , 而用表示类似“存在”观念的其他不及物动词。如：live, stand, come, lie, flow, enter, rise 和appear等。There came shouts for help from the river.There lies a large wheat field in front of the house.Many years ago there lived an old man in the wooden house.In front of the tower flews a stream.5. so + 动词+主语neither/ nor + 动词+主语表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。否则要用so it is withYou can ride a bike. So can I . He has been to Beijing. So have I .The first one isnt good, neither is the second.His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years. So it is with his aunt.6. so+ 形容词/副词that 的结构状语从句可以用正常语序表示，也可以把so+形容词/副词放于句首构成倒装。句型如下： so +形容词/副词+be/助动词/情态动词that +从句。Light travels so fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.= So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.So easy was the work that they finished it in a few days.7. done做形容词在句中做表语时，常把表语放在句首，要用倒装句式。Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil.8. 否定副词not , never, seldom, nowhere, little , rarely 放于句首时要用倒装句式。We seldom get up at four in the morning. = Seldom do we get up at four in the morning.Not a single word from him could the enemy drag.Rarely have I heard of such a silly thing.9. hardlywhen; scarcelywhen; no soonerthan 可以用正常语序 had hardly done when did 或用倒装句式Hardly had + 主语+ done when did 句式。hardly所在的句子用过去完成时。The bell hardly had rung when the class began.= Hardly had the bell rung when the class began.No sooner had he arrived in Beijing than he began to work.10. not only but also 如连接两个成分时，不用倒装；连接句子时， 前面的句子要用倒装。Not only was everything that he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship.Not only is he busy, but also I have a lot of work to do.Not only does he speak English very well, but also he speaks French well.11. only 及所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，要用： only+ 状语+ be /助动词/情态动词+主语及其他Only when he told me the news did I know what had happened.Only in this way can you make progress in your English.12. 虚拟语气中的倒装句If I were you, I would take the job. = Were I you, I would take the job.三.巩固练习1._ and caught the mouse.A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumpedC. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat2._ and the lesson began.A. In came Mr BrownB. Mr Brown in cameC. In came heD. came in Mr Brown3. Over _, dead.A. rolling the goatB. rolled the goatC. did the goat rollD. the goat rolled4.Where is my shirt, mum?_.A. There is itB. There it isC. There isD. Here is it5. Where is your father?Oh, _.A. here he comesB. he here comesC. here does he comeD. here comes he6. The door opened and there _.A. enters an old man B. entered an old manC. did an old man enter D. an old man entered7. Now _ your turn to recite the text.A. will come B. comes C. has come D. there is8. Often _ them not to smoke here.A. we advisedB. advised meC. did we adviseD. had we advised9. _ playing soldiers.A. Inside the room were two boysB. Inside the room two boysC. Were two boys inside the roomD. Inside the room was two boys10. On the wall _ two large portraits.A. are hanging B. hanged C. hangD. hangs 11. _ who was wounded in the stomach.A. Among them were a soldier B. Among them was a soldierC. Among them a soldier was D. Among they was a soldier12. Next door to ours _ , who is no less than eighty.A. that lives an old man B. does an old man liveC. lives an old man D. where lives an old man13. She plays the piano very well, _.A. so every one of us doesB. every one of us doesC. so does every one of usD. so do every one of us14. You say he works hard, _, and _.A. so he does; so you doB. so he does; so do youC. so does he; so do youD. so does he; so you do15. I thought you women were present at the meeting. _.A. So we wereB. So we didC. So were weD. So did we16. I dont think Jack will come today, _. A. nor will Mary B. and Mary doesnt C. Mary will either D. or Mary does17. She is fond of cooking, _I.A. so amB. nor am C. neither doD. nor do18. Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language .A. So it was with EnglesB. So was it with EnglesC. So was Engles D. So did Engles19. A fish needs water and without water it will die._.A. So does a manB. So will a manC. So it is with a manD. So is it with a man20. So absorbed _ the work that she often forgot to _ her meals.A. had she been in; doB. she was in; makeC. was she in; takeD. she had been in ; have21. So loudly _ that every one of the class could hear him.A. did he speak B. did he spoke C. spoke he D. he spoke22. _ his appearance that no one could recognize him.A. Strange so was B. So strange wasC. Was so strangeD. So was strange23. Not once _ their plan.A. did they changeB. they changedC. changed theyD. they did change24. Never _ such a wonderful place as Hangzhou.A. are seeingB. had I seenC. I have seenD. have I seen25. Seldom _ TV during the day.A. they watchB. are they watchingC. have they watchedD. do they watch26. Nowhere _ as in my garden.A. the flowers were so beautifulB. were the flowers so beautifulC. so beautiful were the flowersD. so beautiful the flowers were27. Hardly _ his homework when he went out.A. finished he B. he had finishedC. did he finish D. had he finished28. Scarcely _ finished their homework _ I came into the classroom.A. had they; thanB. they had; whenC. had they; whenD. did they; when29. Not only _ a promise, but also he kept it.A. has he madeB. does he makeC. he madeD. did he make30. Not until his comrades criticized him _ to admit his mistake.A. had he begunB. began heC. did he beginD. does he beginPart II1. _can you expect to get a pay rise. a.with hard work b. although work hard c. only with hard work d. now that he works hard 2. _, mother will wait for him to have dinner together. a.however late is he b. however he is late c. however is he late d. however late he is 3. not until all the fish died in the river, _ how serious the pollution was. a.did the villagers realize b. the villagers realized c. the villagers did realize d. didnt the villagers realize 4. not until i began to work _ how much time i had wasted. a.didnt realize b. did i realize c. i didnt realize d. i realized 5.do you know jim quarrel with his brother? i dont know, _. a.nor dont i care b. nor do i care c. i dont care neither d. i dont care also 6. only by practicing a few hours every day _ be able to waste much time. a.you can b. can you c. you will d. will you 7. not until the early years of the19th century _ what heat is. a.man did know b. man knew c. didnt man know d. did man know 8. _got into the room, _ the telephone rang. a.he hardly; then b. hardly had he; when c. he had not; than d. not had he; when 9. _ snacks and drinks，but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. a. not only they brought b. not only did they bring c. not only brought they d. not only they did bring 10.i dont think i can walk any further. _, lets stop here for a rest. a.neither can i b. neither do i c. i didnt think so d. i think so 11. only in this way _ do it well. a.must we b. we could c. can we d. we can 12. hardly _ when it began to rain. a.had he arrived b. arrived he c. he had arrived d. did he arrive 13. jack is a student and studies at the no. 2 middle school. _. a. it was the same with mike b.so it is with mike c. so is mike d. so does mike 14. _, i would have given you his address. a. if you asked me b. you had asked me c. should you have asked me d.had you asked me 15. _ that they had made an important discovery in science. a.little they realized b. they had realized little c.little did they realize d. little had they realized 16. _ that i couldnt be absorbed in the work. a. they made such talked b. so loudly they talked c. it was noise outside d. such a loud noise did they make 17. many a time _ me good advice. a. he gave b. does he give c. he has given d. has he given 18. _ have i seen a better performance. a. everywhere b. nowhere else c. everywhere else d. nowhere 19. not a single w