湖北省黄石市高考英语 阅读理解训练题（9）.doc

湖北省黄石市2014高考英语阅读理解训练题（9）及答案four out of ten women who diet end up heavier than when they started watching their waistline(腰围), a study revealed today. the research also showed that a large percentage of women started noticing the pounds creeping back on just 21 days after reaching their ideal weight.yesterday, dr ian campbell of the jenny craig weight management program said: “in the uk 61.4 per cent of adults are overweight or obese. successful weight management requires a longterm commitment in order to lose weight successfully and for good. dieting can be a real challenge so setting realistic goals and remaining focused on them is important. otherwise as this research shows, women could end up heavier than when they started.”the “food, body, mind” report was publicized by jenny craig who quizzed 2,000 women aged between 18 and 65 who diet regularly on their attitudes, beliefs and behaviors around weight loss. six in ten said they were on a diet then and one in five women said they were on a “continuous diet”it found the most common triggers to start dieting was seeing their “reflection in the mirror”， preparing for a summer holiday or unflattering photos posted on social networking sites. other popular reasons include comments by friends or relatives or their other half.however, the study showed that one in ten give up within one day, while almost a fifth manage to make it to a week or more. the average is ten days. many blamed pressure they put on themselves to lose weight too quickly for the weight gain, which leaves them with a bigger appetite than normal. others blamed colleagues, who tuck into fatty lunches and snacks unaware of the effect it has on the dieter, while mothers polishing off their childrens leftovers(剩饭)was another common cause of weight gain.()11.which of the following might be the best title for this article?athree reasons to fail in dieting bimportant things for successful diet cobesitya problem for 61.4% adults in the uk dfour in ten women gain weight on diets()12.women who go on a diet _.aare all overweight or obesebare likely to gain weight again after reaching their ideal weight call fail because they are not persistent enoughdall end up heavier than when they start to diet()13.the underlined word “triggers” in paragraph 4 probably means _.aeffectsbexamples ccauses dimagination ()14.which of the following is not the reason that many people quit dieting very soon?athe pressure they put on themselves to lose weight quickly.bcolleagues who give them fatty lunches and snacks.creflections they see in the mirror.dleftovers of childrens taken by their mothers.()15.in which column of the newspaper do you probably find the passage?ahealth. beconomy. csports. deducation. (二)本文为新闻，报道了最新的研究发现：靠节食减肥的女人在停止节食后又会出现增肥的现象。11d主旨大意题。本文为新闻，报道最新的研究发现，而该文的导语是第一段第一句，故根据four out of ten women who diet end up heavier than when they started watching their waistline可知选d。12b细节理解题。根据第一段所介绍的研究结果可知，靠节食减肥的女人在达到她们的理想体重以后有可能出现反弹现象，即有可能重新增肥，故选b。13c词义猜测题。根据第四段other popular reasons include comments by friends or relatives or their other half可推断画线词即为reasons的近义词，故选c。14c细节理解题。此题可采用排除法。 a项符合最后一段many blamed pressure they put on themselves to lose weight too quickly for the weight gain, which leaves them with a bigger appetite than normal；b项符合最后一段others blamed colleagues, who tuck into fatty lunches and snacks unaware of the effect it has on the dieter；d项符合最后一段mothers who polish off their childrens leftovers(剩饭)was another common cause of weight gain。由此判断余下的c项不符合文意，故选c。15a推理判断题。本文的话题是：靠节食减肥的女人在停止节食后又出现增肥现象。此话题属健康范畴，故选a。*结束 社会生活型阅读理解(二)(一)someday a stranger will read your email without your permission or scan the websites youve visited.or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits.in fact，its likely that some of these things have already happened to you.who would watch you without your permission? it might be a girlfriend，a marketing company, a boss，a policeman or a criminal.whoever it is，they will see you in a way you never intended to be seenthe 21st century equal to being caught naked(裸露的)psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, though its important to reveal(透露)yourself to friends，family and lovers in stages，at appropriate times.actually few boundaries remain.the digital breadcrumbs(面包屑)you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are，where you are and what you like.in some cases，a simple google search can reveal what you think.like it or not，increasingly we_live_in_a_world_where_you_simply_cannot_keep_a_secret. the key question is：does that matter? for many americans, the answer apparently is“no”when opinion polls ask americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. a survey found a majority of people are pessimistic about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is“slipping away, and that bothers me”but people say one thing and do another.only a small part of americans change any behavior in an effort to preserve their privacy.few people turn down a discount at tollbooths(收费亭)to avoid using the ezpass system that contracts(跟踪) automobile movements.and few turn down supermarket loyalty cards.privacy economist alessandro acquits has run a series of tests that reveal people will submit personal information like social security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50centoff coupon(优惠券)but privacy does matterat least sometimes.its like health: when you have it，you dont notice it.only when its gone do you wish youd done more to protect it.()1.from paragraph 2，we can infer_. acriminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technology bpeople tend to be more frank with each other in the information age cin the 21st century people try every means to look into others secrets dpeoples personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge()2.what would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends? athere should be a distance even between friends. bthere should be fewer quarrels between friends. cfriends should always be faithful to each other. dfriends should open their hearts to each other.()3.why does the author say“we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret”？ athere are always people who are curious about others affairs. bmany search engines profit by revealing peoples identities. cpeople leave traces around when using modern technology. dmodern society has finally developed into an open society.()4.what do most americans do with regard to privacy protection? athey change behavior that might disclose their identity. bthey talk a lot but hardly do anything about it. cthey rely more and more on electronic equipment. dthey use various loyalty cards for business deals.()5.according to the passage，privacy is like health in that _. aits importance is rarely understood bit is something that can easily be lost cpeople will make every effort to keep it dpeople dont treasure it until they lose it(一)主要论述在当今信息时代，个人信息因受他人窃取，而影响到私人空间。1d推理判断题。第二段提到，有谁会不经过你的许可就会注视着你呢？可能是女朋友、营销公司、老板、警察或者是罪犯。无论他是谁，他们都会以你从来没有意想到的方式看着你。而注视你的人自然能获取你的个人信息，故可推断，人们的个人信息很容易在他们不知晓的情况下被他人获取。故选d。2a细节理解题。第三段psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, though its important to reveal(透露)yourself to friends，family and lovers in stages，at appropriate times.提到，尽管在适当的时候向朋友、家人或爱人坦诚自己是重要的，但分界线是重要的，即：人与人之间还应该有适当的距离。由此判断选a。其他选项不符合文意。3c推理判断题。根据第三段可知，作者认为，与朋友之间应该有适当的距离，但实际上这种距离很少存在。因为你留下的电子面包屑(即电子痕迹)使陌生人很容易窃取你的个人资料。所以作者说，不管你喜欢或不喜欢，我们愈加生活在一个不能保密的世界里，故选c。其他选项不符合文意。4b细节理解题。根据when opinion polls ask americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. a survey found a majority of people are pessimistic about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is “slipping away, and that bothers me”可知，大多数美国人希望保留私人空间，但根据but people say one thing and do another.only a small part of americans change any behavior in an effort to preserve their privacy.可知，他们对保护私人空间做得少。故选b。5d 细节理解题。根据最后一段but privacy does matterat least sometimes.its like health: when you have it，you dont notice it.only when its gone do you wish youd done more to protect it.可知，私人空间如同健康一样，拥有的时候不注意，失去的时候才觉得珍惜。由此判断选d。*结束pushy parents and teachers who “hothouse” the under-5s risk causing damage to the childrens long term development, a leading educationexpert said.lilian katz, professor of education at the university of illinois, said that four-year-olds engaged in reading and writing went on to perform worse academiclly than those engaged in imaginative learning. they scored higher in tests at the age of 5, but children whose first year at school was stimulating outstripped them four years later. the findings show that the governments structured approach to early years learning could be storing up problems for children. they also raise serious questions about the plan for all children to be able to read by the age of 6. in many countries formal teaching does not start until children are 6 or 7 and have improved their social and manual skills. children start learning to read and write at 6 in the united states. france and germany , and at 7 in finland and sweden. professor katz said that in many schools the courses were boring children to tears. much academic teaching required children to learn by memorizing pieces of information out of context, she said. teaching in reception class should instead allow children to develop their intellect by exploring their environments and asking questions. “research suggests the benefits of formal academic insturction for four-and five-year-olds seem to be promising when they are tested early, but considerably less so in the long term. when these children are followed over a period of three or more years, those who had early experience in more intellectually engaging curricula were more likely to do well in school than their peers, who had received early academic instruction.” she avocates teaching children through first-hand experience and play, in mixed-aged classes. this can include puppet shows,drawing or running a pretend shop in the classroom.13according to the passage, those who “hothouse” the under-5s would probably aperform worse in reading and writing bteach in a lively way to motivate kidsinterest cdevelop the kids intellect by asking questions dpush the kids to memorize pieces of information14what does the underlined word “outstripped” in paragraph 2 mean? adid better than blooked down upon ccaught up with dperformed worse than15according to lilian katz, the governments structured approach to early-years learning ais necessary for improving childrens reading and writing ability bwillbenefit children in the long termcwill cause problems to children in their future learningdhas more advantages than disadvantages16the author delivers a message that formal teaching . acan start at different times in different countries bshould first develop childrens reading and writing skills cis best carried out in finland and swedendshould not be started too early1316、dac d*结束 there is a growing problem of what to do with electronic waste such as old televisions, computers, radios, cellular telephones and other electronic equipment. electronic trash,or e-waste, is piling up faster than ever in american homes and businesses. people do not know what to do with old televisions or computers so they throw them in the trash.national solid wastes management association(nswma) state programs director chaz miller says the large amount of electronic waste americans produce is not unexpected.the us environmental protection agency (epa) estimates more than 400 million consumer electronic items are dumped each year, and there is a push by more states to ban the waste from landfills(垃圾填埋场) and create recycling programs. they can be torn apart and sorted for useable parts. mike fannon who runs the plant in baltimore, says, there are a lot of valuable metals that can be recovered and reused instead of just putting them in the landfill, and in certain components there are some materials that should not really be in the landfill, fannon explains. fannon says nearly 20 percent of electronic waste is recycled nationwide.thir