as考点回顾.doc

上次课关于让步状语从句：动词原形+疑问词+主语+助动词/情态动词Say what you will, I wont change my mind. Go where he will, he is sure to find people who like making friends with him.Come what may, we will go ahead with our plan. As 考点回顾1. as a matter of factadv.事实上Im leaving for Beijing tomorrow, as a matter of fact. 实际情况是我明天就要去北京。2. as a wholeadv.总体上As a whole I dont like you, but I appreciate your life style. 总体上讲，我不喜欢你，但是我喜欢你的生活方式。3. as far as adv.远到, 直到, 至于As far as I know, he has gone to London. 据我所知，他去了伦敦。4. as for 至于As for her family I just know that her father died when she was 8.5. As if 好象.似的仿佛.一样She spoke to me as if she knew me. 她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我似的。6. as long as(=so long as)只要（引导条件从句）：You may borrow this book as long as you promise to give it back in two weeks. 只要你答应归还，你就可以把这书借走。As long as he works hard, I dont mind when he finishes the experiment.7. as to关于, 至于I dont know anything as to the others. 至于其他，我一无所知。8. as well asadv.也, 又The target market for a product describes demographics as well as lifestyles and sometimes job roles. 产品的目标市场描述了人口统计和生活风格，有时也涉及职业角色。9as of (=as from) 从起1) You are in charge (负责) as of today. 2) The agreement starts as from March 13.10as with与 一样As with so many of the major problems of society, the precise extent and nature of the environmental crisis are not entirely clear.11as against (=in contrast with) 与相对照。1) She gets Saturdays off in her new job as against working alternate weekends in her last one. (她新找的这份工作星期六放假，而原来的那份工作周末是隔周放假。)2) The business done this year amounts to $20,000 as against $ 15,000 last year.12. as regards至于There are no special rules as regards what clothes you should wear. (至于应该穿什么衣服没有硬性规定。)13. as follows如下1) The reasons are as follows.The reasons can be listed as follows. 2) The report reads as follows. 14.as it were可以说，姑且这么说He is, as it were, a walking dictionary. (他，可以说，是一部活词典。He, as it is, cannot arrive on time.15. as opposed to和 相反John likes rice, as opposed to Mary, who hates it.16. may(might , could) as well do sth. 不妨，最好（做某事）。Since it is too late, we might as well go back home.17. as a rule通常1) As a rule they sat together very quietly. 2) His writing as a rule is elegant.18.as yet到这时为止（还没有）：But none of these are as yet carefully thought-out plans.19. such as to这样 以致I went about my job in such a way as to try to kill two birds with one stone.We use our eyelids to blink so as to clean our eyes. 我们利用眼睑眨眼来清洁眼睛。20.not so much as与其说，倒不如说 ：The trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasnt bothered by his loudness so much as by his lack of talent. (这个吹号手的声音确实很大，但我烦的与其说是他吹得太响，倒不如说是他缺乏天分。)21. such as例如Studies show that the things that contribute most to a sense of happiness cannot be bought with money, such as a good family life, friendship and work satisfaction. (研究表明，那些最能使人产生幸福感的东西是不能用金钱买到的，如和睦的家庭生活、友谊和事业上的满足感。)22. Just as so 正如 一样，也Just as air is important to man, so is water to fish.Just as they must put aside their prejudices, so we must be prepared to accept their good faith.正如他们必须抛弃成见，我们也必须准备接受他们的诚意。23.as though (=as if ) 似乎Christie stared angrily at her boss and turned away, as though to go out of the office.He rubbed his eyes and yawned as though waking up after a long sleep.他又揉眼睛又打哈欠，好像睡了一大觉刚醒似的24.much as虽然Much as I admired David as a poet, I dont like him as a man. (虽然我仰慕作为诗人的大卫，但我不喜欢他的为人。)25.As is often the case事情常常是这样：As is often the case, it happened so gradually that it was barely perceptible.As is often the case with young people, he is indifferent to money.象大多数年轻人一样,他不在乎钱。As is often the case with old people, my grandfather is fond of talking about good old days.就像其他老人一样，我祖父也老喜欢讲他当年的故事。26. as引导时间状语从句时，译作“当时候”，可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后。例如： He smiled as he said goodbye to me. As she was walking in the park, she heard a girl singing. I sang an English song as I went along the river. 27. as引导原因状语从句时，表示已知的原因，译作“既然；由于；因为”，通常放在句首。例如： As it is too late for you to go home, youd better stay over night at this place. As it is going to rain, the sports meet will be put off until next week. 28. as引导方式状语从句时，译作“按照；如同”。例如： Please do as I tell you. We should study foreign languages as Karl Marx did. 29.as 虽然 (引导部分倒装的让步从句)：as可引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然、尽管”，但要用部分倒装结构，形式如下：1.) 形容词 + as + 主语 + 系动词。如：Tired as he is, he offers to help me.尽管他已经很累了，他还是主动提出帮助我。Young as he is, he knows a lot. 2.) 过去分词 + as + 主语 + 系动词。如：Well-written as the book is, the author is not satisfied and prepared to revise it.尽管这本书写得很好，作者还是不满意并打算修改它。3.) 名词 + as + 主语 + 系动词。如：Student as he is, he does not study hard.他虽然是个学生，却不努力学习。4.) 副词 + as + 主语 + 谓语部分。如：Much as I admire his courage, I dont think he acted wisely.我虽然崇拜他的勇气，但我认为他这样做是不明智的。5.) 动词原形 + as + 主语 + 谓语的另一部分（情态动词或助动词may, might, will, would等）。如：Try as you will, you wont be able to persuade him.不管你怎么努力，你都说服不了他。30. asas引出比较状语从句：as引导比较状语从句时，有“as as”、“not as / so as”结构，第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词。译作“跟一样”、“跟不一样”。这种从句有两种不同的结构形式和意义。 （A）表示两个不同的人（或物）在相同（或不同）方面的比较。例如： He is as careful as his elder brother. She is not so clever as her sister. （B）表示同一个人（或物）在不同方面的比较。例如： She is as kind as （she is ）honest. Americans eat twice as much protein as they actually need every day. (美国人摄取的蛋白质是他们实际需要量的两倍。)31.as作关系代词，引导定语从句 as作关系代词时，引导定语从句在从句中充当主语、宾语、介词宾语或表语，既可以指人，也可以指物。 （1）as引导定语从句时，有如下结构：“the same as”，“such as”， “asas” “so many （much, few, little）as”，译作“像一样的人（或物）”。例如： This is such an easy novel as you can read. I have the same dictionary as you （have）. He is as clever a boy as you want to see. They have never read so many books as I read last year. Hes not such a fool as he looks. 他并不像看上去的那样愚蠢。 He is not such a man as would leave his work half done. 他并不是一个做事半途而废的人。 You must show my wife the same respect as you show me. 你必须对我妻子表现出与对我同样的敬重。He smokes as expensive a cigarette as he can afford. 他抽一种他买得起的最贵的烟。（2）as单独引导定语从句时，修饰整个主句或主句中的一部分，可以放在句首、句中或句末。当as在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语通常是被动语态或系表结构；as在从句中作宾语时，从句的谓语常用“情态动词动词原形”构成。常见的结构如下： as is known to all 众所周知 as has been said above 如上所述 as was expected 正如预料的那样 as has been pointed out 正如指出的那样 as we all can see （know, hear）正如大家看到的（知道的、听到的）那样。 As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. He seems a foreigner, as in fact he is. He is late, as is often the case.这是经常的事。As is usual with children, they soon got tired. 孩子们一贯如此 David, as you know, has not been well lately. 练习：1）A good many proposals were raised by the delegates, as was to be expected . (正如所料，代表们提出了许多建议。) 2) As might be expected, the response to the question was mixed. (正如所料，人们对这个问题观点不一。)真题回顾：2010 text2 In re Bilski，as the case is known, is “a very big deal”, says Dennis D. Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law. It “has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patent.”1. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressivethere exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas. （2005年text 4）参考译文：做为一位语言学家，他承认各种语言，包括那些非标准的语言，比如黑人英语，都具有极强的表达力世界上任何语言或是方言都能传达复杂思想。2. While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past. (99年71)asas 和一样参考译文：尽管每一位历史学家都有自己对于史学的定义，现代实践最接近符合这样一个定义，这个定义把历史看作是重新创造和解释过去重要事件的尝试。3. not so muchas 与其说不如说是.Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools. (94年71题)他们认为，科学