【志鸿优化设计】高考英语第一轮复习 （梳理整合+归纳拓展）模块三Unit3 Backtothepast教学案 译林牛津版.doc

unit 3back to the past1_ n.文明_ vt.使文明2_ vt.创建，兴建_ n.根基，基础3_ adv.不幸地_ n.命运，财产，运气_ adj.幸运的，侥幸的_ adv.幸运地，幸亏4_ vt.装饰，装潢_ n.装饰，装饰品5_vt.破坏，摧毁_ n.破坏，摧毁6_ adj. 富有的，富裕的_ n.财富7_ adv. 渐渐地，逐渐地_ adj.逐渐的8_ vi.爆炸_ n.爆炸9_ adj.极度的，极端的_ adv.极端地，极度地10_ vi.抱怨_ n.抱怨11_ adj.木制的_ n.木头12_ n.解决办法，解答_ vt.解决13_ n.表达；表情，神色_ vt.表达14_ adj.强有力的_ n.权力；动力15_ vt.宣布，宣称_ n.宣布16_ n.纪念碑，纪念馆adj.纪念的_ n.记忆力_ vt.记忆17_ adj.意识到的；知道的；察觉到的_ n.意识_ adj.没有意识到的，不知道的18_ n.基础；原因_ vt.以为基础19_ n.审讯，审理；试验_ vt.试验，尝试20_ n.法官，审判员；裁判员vt.裁判_ n.判决，裁判21_ n.毒药，毒物vt.毒害，下毒_ adj.有毒的22_ vt.使腐化，使堕落；adj.腐败的，贪污的_ n.贪污，腐败，堕落1f_ in 1636，harvard is one of the most famous universities in the united states.2two middleaged passengers fell into the sea.u_，neither of them could swim.3what happened to the priceless works of art?they were d_ in the earthquake.4jim is on time for everything.how can it be that he was late for the opening c_？5its necessary to d_ the classroom for well have an evening party.6my sister met him at the grand theatre yesterday afternoon，so he couldnt have attended your _（讲座）.7there was an _（表情）of discontent on her face.8as you are well _（知道的），there is a great competition on the part of both germany and the united states.9the president is the most _（强有力的）man in america and probably the world.10early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy，_（富有的）and wise.1take _ 夺取；接管2_ out 结果是，证明是3break _ 垮掉4cut _ 砍倒5_ in 导致6run _ 逃离7put _ 出版8be _ into 分成（几小部分）9go _ 穿过10in good _ 状况良好11_ out 实施，执行，进行12in _ of 纪念13no _ 无疑，确实14rise up _ 起义，反抗15_ in ones path 阻碍16_ down with 患（病）17take _ of 控制住18as a _ of 因为19_ from 除了20have an _ on 对有影响21_ sb.to death 将某人处死22be _ to do sth. 被迫做某事23think _ sb./sth.as.认为某人/物是24be _ as.被称作1many people were buried alive，and so was the city.很多人被活埋了，整个城市也被掩埋。句型提炼：so引导倒装句，表示前面的情况也适用于另外一个人或物。2today i saw the ancient roman city of pompeii as it was 2,000 years ago.今天我见到了罗马古城庞贝，它就跟两千年前一模一样。句型提炼：as用作连词，意为“像一样”。3when i walked around the city，i saw streets just as they had been，with stepping stones along the road so you did not have to step in the mud on rainy days!当我在城中漫步时，我看到保持原样的街道，沿路都有垫脚石，这样下雨天你就不用在泥泞中行走了！句型提炼：本句是复合句，when引导时间状语从句，主句中的主干是i saw streets，而as they had been用作方式状语，介词短语with stepping stones along the road是streets的定语，连词so后接结果状语从句。4it turns out that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city，their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared，leaving empty spaces in the ash.原来，火山灰覆盖了没能逃离城市的人，他们的身体几乎全部烧化消失了，只留下火山灰里的人形空当。句型提炼：本句是复合句，it是形式主语，真正的主语是由that引导的主语从句。分词短语leaving empty spaces in the ash充当结果状语。5then he turned his eyes east，and marched all the way to india，finding victory wherever he went.然后，他又将目光转向东方，长驱直入印度，所到之处，攻无不克，战无不胜。句型提炼：本句是复合句。分词短语finding victory wherever he went作伴随状语，其中的wherever he went是地点状语从句。1remain linkv. 保持，依旧1）用作系动词，指某人或某事物仍保持某种状态，意为“仍然是，依旧是”，后面可接名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、分词作表语。2）用作不及物动词，意思是“剩下，余留，留待”，此时不能用进行时态，也没有被动语态。3）指某事“尚待、有待于以后被处置”，后面常接不定式的被动形式，表示主语是不定式的承受者。4）remain作名词时，表示“剩余物”，一般用其复数形式。5）remaining是形容词，意为“剩余的”，常作前置定语；而left则只能作后置定语。peter became a manager，but jack remained a worker.彼得成为一个经理，而杰克仍然是个工人。whatever achievements youve made，you should remain modest.无论你取得多么大的成就，你都该保持谦虚。he had to remain in hospital until he was better.他不得不一直住院直到身体稍好些。the guests came in，but she remained sitting at the desk reading.客人们都来了，但她还坐在写字台旁读书。it remains to be seen whether you are right.你是否正确，以后见分晓。the archeologists found some remains of the song dynasty.考古学家发现了一些宋代遗迹。i bought a gift for her with the remaining money.我用剩余的钱给她买了一件礼物。用法辨析stay与remain1作系动词，指某人或某物“继续保持某一状态（continue to be）”时，常可互换。2表示主语“暂时停留在某处”时，两者可以互换。3表示在某处住（若干天），常用stay。4当表示别人已离去或事情有变动后，某人或某物仍保持原来的状态时，多用remain。they remain/stay friends for many years.他们的友谊持续了许多年。the shop stays/remains open till night.这家店铺一直营业到晚上。stay/remain here until i come back.一直待在这里，直到我回来。i remained/stayed in london till may.我在伦敦一直待到五月。only a few leaves remained（were still）on the tree.树上只剩下几片叶子了。反馈1.1（2012江西新余一中模拟）dear passengers，to ensure your safety，please remain _until the plane has come to a complete stop.aseatedbseatcto seat dseating反馈1.2with many major economic problems _ to be addressed，there is no point in _ the growth rate of this year now.aremaining；predictingbremaining；to predictcremained；predictingdremained；to predict反馈1.3because quite many problems remain _，our boss cant even spare several hours for his kids each week.ato addressbto be addressedcaddressingdaddressed反馈1.4the lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _.a20 dollars remainedb20 dollars to remaincremained 20 dollarsdremaining 20 dollars反馈1.5it was already past midnight and only three young men _ in the teahouse.aleft bremainedcdelayed ddeserted反馈1.6the hurricane victims were searching the _ of their houses for anything _ useful.aremain；remainedbremains；remainingcremain；remainingdremains；remained2aware adj. 意识到的，察觉到的aware 后可接of或that从句。作为表语形容词，通常用well来修饰aware，而不是very。i am well aware that this is a tough job.我深知这是一项棘手的工作。she was not aware of having done wrong.她没有意识到做错了事。i am not aware how long he has lived here.我不知道他在这住了多久了。反馈2.1he is kept in dark and is not _ that the company has lost some money.aknown bknown aboutcaware daware of反馈2.2this event not only raised _ of world hunger，but also raised lots of money to help starving children.ainformation bknowledgecinstruction dawareness3judge n.法官vi.审判，判断judge的常用句式为：1judge.from by.根据来判断2judge sb.to be（其后为sb.加宾语补足语。宾语补足语通常是形容词、分词或不定式）3judging by/from 由判断from his letter，we judged his visit to china a great success.从他的来信判断他对中国的访问非常成功。i cant judge whether she was right or wrong.我不能断定她是对还是错。can you judge which way to take?你能判断应走哪条路吗？judging from what you say，she ought to succeed.从你说的情况来看，她应当能成功。反馈3.1_ from media reports，the result has been unclear.ato judged bhaving judgedcjudging djudged反馈3.2its not right to _ a person only _ his appearance.atell；from bjudge；bycjudge；for ddecide；by反馈3.3_ the best in a recent science competition，the three students were awarded scholarship _ 27,000 dollars.ajudged；totalingbto be judged；totaledchaving judged；to totaldjudging；would total4declare vt.宣布；宣告；宣称declare sth.宣告declare.（to be）.宣布（是）declare that.宣告 declare war on/against.向宣战they will declare the results of the election soon.他们将很快公布选举的结果。the accused man declared himself（to be）innocent.被告声称他是无罪的。i declared at the meeting that i did not support him.我在会上声明不支持他。few people dared to declare their opposition to the regime.很少有人敢宣称他们反对这个政权。the police chief has declared war against violent crimes again.警长重申要尽力制止暴力犯罪行为。易混辨析易混词辨析declare意为“宣布，宣告”，指正式就某事公开地作出明确的说明，其后可接名词、从句、复合结构，表明态度时加介词for（赞成）或against（反对）。announce意为“宣布，宣称”，指首次宣布人们所关心的事，有预告的含义，通常是关于生死、结婚、灾害信息或客人的到来等，其后常接名词、从句作宾语。claim意为“声称，依据（权利）获得、认领，夺取（生命）”。i declare this conference open.我宣布本次会议开始。 they announced that a cold wave would come soon.他们报告说不久寒流就要来。 dont claim to know what you really dont know.不要不懂装懂。反馈4.1“terrorists _ war on the united states，and war is what they got，” bush said. aattacked bdeclaredcfought doffered反馈4.2everyone is waiting for the exciting moment when the chairman will _ the party begin.adeclare btellcreport ddeliver反馈4.3footsteps _ his return；shall we go and meet him?aannounced bdeclaredcpronounced dclaimed反馈4.4she _ that she had seen a ghost in her bedroom，which，of course，few would believe.adeclared bannounced cclaimed dproved反馈4.5用declare，announce或claim的适当形式填空。so far，no one has come and _ the bike.when the doorman _ the arrival of the president，everyone got up and clapped.the chinese government _ a battle against drugs many years ago.5doubt n. 怀疑，疑惑 vt.& vi.怀疑，疑问there is no doubt about/of.毫无疑问there is no doubt that.毫无疑问in doubt 不肯定的；不确切的beyond doubt/without doubt无疑地；确定地；肯定地doubtful adj.怀疑的be doubtful about.怀疑be doubtful whether.拿不定主意是否there is no doubt about it.此事无可怀疑。their acceptance of the contract is still in doubt.他们是否接受那份合同还说不准。sally is without doubt one of the finest swimmers in the school.萨莉无疑是学校最优秀的游泳者之一。he doubts whether he will succeed.他怀疑自己是否能成功。it is doubtful whether he can read my fortune or not.他能否算出我的命运还是个疑问。反馈5.1（2012江苏泰州中学调研）with your help，there is no doubt _ our plan is meant for will work out successfully.athat what bwhether thatcwhat that dthat whether反馈5.2we doubt _ jack can finish the task on time.awhich bthatcwhat dwhether反馈5.3i was _ about the truth of this news that he had won the first place in the competition.adoubt bdoubtfulcdoubted ddoubting6take over 接管；接替；控制；占上风she took over his work after his departure.他离开以后，她接替了他的工作。could you possibly take over the post?你能接任这个职位吗？try not to let negative thoughts take over.尽量别受消极的想法左右。the army is threatening to take over if civil unrest continues.军方扬言如果内乱就继续实行军管。用法拓展含take的短语take back 收回，接回，退回take down 写下，记下；拆下，拆掉take in 收留，包括；理解；欺骗，使上当take off 脱下，起飞，打折扣，扣掉，去掉；请假，休息take on 聘用，雇用；呈现，显现，具有；承担或担任（工作或责任等）take to 喜欢；养成习惯，沉溺于take up 开始（学习或从事等）；继续；占去（时间或空间）；接纳（乘客等），接受（挑战，建议，条件等），提出（商讨），讨论take sb.sth./take sth.to sb.给某人带（送）去某物take sb.（sth.）for（to be）把某人（某物）当作it takes sb.some time to do sth.花费某人时间去做某事注：该句型在现代英语中可有多种变体。it took him half an hour to mend his bike./it took half an hour for him to mend the bike.他修理自行车花了半个小时。it took him 10 minutes to solve the problem./he took 10 minutes to solve the problem.他花10分钟解出了这道题。he had nowhere to sleep so we offered to take him in.他没有地方可睡，于是我们提出让他留宿。it took me a long time to take in what you were saying.我费了好长时间才弄明白你所说的话。dont be taken in by his promises.别被他的诺言所欺骗。it was at this point that her acting career really took off.正是从这个时候起，她的表演生涯真正开始走红了。when did the plane take off？飞机是什么时候起飞的？can you take five dollars off the price？你可以减价五美元吗？i want to take a day off（from work）.我想休一天假。the company decided to take on a new secretary.这家公司决定聘一个新秘书。this word had taken on a new meaning.这个词有了新的意义。my doctor says im too tired and has advised me not to take any more work on.医生说我疲劳过度，劝我不要再干更多的工作。he took to mary as soon as they met.他一见玛丽就爱上了她。he soon took to drinking again.不久他又喝起酒来。for a long time i had wanted to take up writing.很久以来我一直想从事写作。反馈6.1（2012安徽定远中学月考）im so busy these days.i dont think i can _ any extra work.atake in btake upctake over dtake on反馈6.2i _ it as a basic principle of the company that suppliers of raw materials should be given a fair price for their products.amake blookctake dthink反馈6.3after he retired from office，rogers _ painting for a while，but soon lost interest.atook up bsaved upckept up ddrew up反馈6.4his words really _ the pupils.now they regret believing him.atook off btook outctook away dtook in反馈6.5after more than ten minutes break，the speaker _ the story from where he left off（中止）.akept on bwent oncmade up dtook up反馈6.6his career _when he was chosen for the main role of the tv play.atook on btook offctook up dtook out反馈6.7hes _ drink and never does a piece of work.agone to btaken toctaken up dgone for反馈6.8he didnt _ what i said because his attention was wandering.ahold on bcatch onctake in dget over7turn out 结果是，证明是；到场，出席；制造，生产；关（灯等）the examination turned out quite easy.结果考试相当容易。 a vast crowd turned out to watch the match.一大群人到场观看比赛。this factory turns out bicycles.这家工厂生产自行车。 remember to turn out the lights before you go to bed.临睡前别忘了关灯。用法拓展含turn的短语turn about 转身，向后转turn against 转而反对，与反目turn（a）round 转身，调头；转向另一面，使好转turn away 拒绝进入turn back 返回，拨回turn down 关小（音量等）；拒绝turn in 交上；（向警方）告发；（口语）上床睡觉turn into（使）成为；翻译turn off 关掉（电器、水龙头等）；使厌烦turn on 打开（电器、煤气等）；（突然）攻击turn out（of）把撵出去turn over翻身，翻转；把移交；换频道；营业额达turn to 翻到；转向；变成；求助于，求教于turn up 出现，到场，出席；调大（音量等）they tried to turn the students against their teachers.他们设法让学生起来反对老师。i felt a pull at my sleeve and turned round.我觉得有人扯我的袖子，便转过身来。reporters who visited the training ground were turned away.前来训练基地采访的记者们被拒之门外。we have got to turn back.我们得往回走了。that radio is pretty loud.can you turn it down a little?收音机声音太响，你能开小点吗？the company turned down his proposal.公司拒绝了他的建议。he turned in two essays every week.他每星期交两篇论文。we turn in at nine and get up at six.我们9点钟上床睡觉，6点钟起床。the whole thing turned into a bitter quarrel.整件事酿成了激烈的争吵。can you turn the letter into french？你能将此信译成法语吗？i laid my book aside，turned off the light and went to sleep.我把书放在一边，关了灯睡觉。this sort of talk could turn a lot of voters off.这样的讲话会使许多投票者感到厌烦。could you turn on the bath for me while youre upstairs?你在楼上替我打开浴缸的水龙头行吗？she got pregnant and was turned out of the house by her parents.她怀孕了，父母把她赶出了家门。a big wave turn over the fishing boat.巨浪打翻了渔船。he turned over the business to his son.他把生意交给了他的儿子。the company turns over 150 million pounds a year.该公司每年的营业额达1.5亿英镑。反馈7.1the truck _ after it hit the fence on the bridge.aturned off bturned aroundcturned over dturned up反馈7.2we wanted to get home before dark，but it didnt quite _ as planned.amake out bturn outcgo on dcome up反馈7.3if you _ everybody around you，you would find nobody _ when you are in need.aturned off；turn upbturned against；turn tocturned on；turn downdturned in；turn around反馈7.4with no one to _ in such a frightening situation，she felt very helpless.aturn to bturn oncturn off dturn over反馈7.5lets wait here for her；im sure shell _ before long.aturn down bturn offcturn up dturn out反馈7.6he _ the job because it involved too much travelling.aasked about bturned downcturned to dasked for反馈7.7though there are some differences in american education and chinese education，both systems are _ excellent graduates.aturning out bturning awaycturning off dturning in8break down 打破；毁掉；破除；坍塌；坏掉；（计划等）失败；不成功we must break down the old customs.我们必须破除旧风俗。the car broke down on the way.车子在路上抛锚了。his plan broke down at last.他的计划最终失败了。用法拓展含有break的短语break in 破门而入；打断break into 破门而入；突然起来break out（灾难、战争或争吵等）爆发break away from 脱离；打破陈规；奋力挣脱break through 突围；突破；冲垮；克服break up 打碎；拆散；分裂；分解break into pieces（使）成为碎片break ones word/promise食言；说话不算数break the law/rule 违犯法律/违反规章制度the thief broke in and took away the tv set.小偷破门而入偷走了电视机。dont break in when we are talking.我们谈话时别打断我们。the robber broke into the bank，trying to take away money.强盗闯进银行，试图抢钱。hearing the news，he broke into tears.一听到这消息他突然哭了起来。the american civil war broke out in 1861.美国内战爆发于1861年。a quarrel broke out between them.他们之间发生了争吵。a fire broke out in his house last night.昨晚他家失火了。the thief broke away from the policeman and ran away.小偷挣脱开警察逃跑了。the soldiers broke through the enemys defence works.战士们攻破了敌人的防御工事。they broke through all kinds of hardships.他们克服了各种困难。they broke up the whole ship into parts.他们将船拆开。my glasses fell to the ground and broke into pieces.我的眼镜掉到地上摔碎了。you cant break your word/promise.你不能说话不算数。whoever breaks the law should be punished.凡是犯法的人都应受到惩罚。no student can break the rules of our school.所有学生都不能违反我们学校的规章制度。反馈8.1the building _ in the explosion.aslowed down bbroke downcgot down dput down反馈8.2scientists think they have _ in their attempt to find the causes of some major diseases.abroken throughbworked outcfallen outdgot round反馈8.3the computer system _ suddenly while he was searching for information on the internet.abroke down bbroke outcbroke up dbroke in反馈8.4（2012安徽泗县双语中学摸底）its really difficult to _ what he is trying to express.aleave out bbreak outcput out dmake out反馈8.5a fight _ between two gangs in the night club last night.abroke out bput outccame out dgot out反馈8.6if tom carries on working like this，hell _sooner or later.abreak down bgive outcget down dhold on反馈8.7soon，the sun would _the mist.abreak through bbreak downcbreak into dbreak out反馈8.8the couple _ two years ago and their kids were left to the husbands parents.abroke throughbbroke upcbroke downdbr