高考英语阅读理解精英训练极品题（19）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解精英训练极品题（19）及答案阅读理解-cwere so well educated but were useless students who have lost the ability to do anything practical. the only thing weve mastered is consumption.large numbers of students have entered higher education in the past 10 years, but despite being the most educated generation in history, it seems that weve grown increasingly ignorant when it comes to basic life skills. looking back on my first couple of weeks of living in student halls, i consider myself lucky to still be alive. unfamiliar to freshers, there are many hidden dangers in the dirty corners of students accommodation.i have survived a couple of serious boiling egg incidents and lots of cases of food poisoning, probably from dirty kitchen counters. although some of my clothes have fallen victim to ironing experimentation, i think i have now finally acquired all the domestic (居家的) skills i missed out in my modem education.in 2006 and 2010, the charming educationist sir ken robinson gave two very amusing talks in which he discussed the importance of creativity in education. robinsons main viewpoint is that our current education system dislocates people from their natural talents. i would like to go a step further and propose that besides our talents, the system takes away what used to be passed from generation to generation a working knowledge of basic life skills.todays graduates may have earned themselves honor in history, law or economies, but when it comes to simple things like putting up a shelf to hold all their academic books, or fixing a hole in their on trend clothes, they have to call for help from a professional handyman or tailor.since the invention of the internet, it has never been easier for people to access information, but our highly specialized education has made us more one sided than ever.i suggest that we start with the immediate reintroduction of some of the most vital aspects of “domestic science” education, before the current lack leads to serious accidents in student halls.36people call us useless students for the reason that .awhat weve learned is beyond consumptionbwe are educated generationcweve entered higher educationdour living skills are so poor【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据were so well educated but were useless students who have lost the ability to do anything practical.被称为无用的学生是因为我们失去做事的能力，也是就是学生的生活技能是不好的，故选d。37which is not the incidents the writer had during the first few weeks in student halls?ahe was seriously burnt by boiled eggs.bhe was accidentally poisoned by food.che damaged his clothes while ironing.dhe was severely beaten by freshers. 【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据i have survived a couple of serious boiling egg incidents and lots of cases of food poisoning, probably from dirty kitchen counters. although some of my clothes have fallen victim to ironing experimentation,他经历了煮鸡蛋被烫伤，食物中毒还有衣服熨坏了等，只有选项d他被新生打了一顿没有提及，故选d。38according to robinsons opinion, our current education .afocuses on the importance if creativitybdislocates people from their natural talentschas equipped students with basic life skillsdhas followed the tradition properly【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据robinsons main viewpoint is that our current education system dislocates people from their natural talents.根据robinson的观点我们目前的教育阻止了人的天赋的发挥，故选b。39why are the graduates poor at basic life skills?abecause they are not interested in them.bbecause they have little relevant practice.cbecause they are affected by internet.dbecause they are easy to be one-sided.【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据the system takes away what used to be passed from generation to generation a working knowledge of basic life skills.这种教育制度使他们有更少的切实的实践，故选b。40the main purpose of writing the passage is that .athere is no need to introduce “domestic science”bits time we did something to current educationcmore attention should be paid to natural sciencedaccidents should be prevented in student halls【答案】b【解析】作者意图题。根据i suggest that we start with the immediate reintroduction of some of the most vital aspects of “domestic science” education,到了我们采取措施解决目前的教育情况的时候了。阅读理解-人物传记类(2013山东，b)george gershwin，born in 1898，was one of americas greatest composers.he published his first song when he was eighteen years old.during the next twenty years he wrote more than five hundred songs.many of gershwins songs were first written for musical plays performed in theatres in new york city.these plays were a popular form of entertainment in the 1920s and 1930s.many of his songs have remained popular as ever.over the years they have been sung and played in every possible wayfrom jazz to country.in the 1920s there was a debate in the united states about jazz music.could jazz，some people asked，be considered serious music? in 1924 jazz musician and orchestra leader paul whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music.gershwin agreed to compose something for the concert before he realized he had just a few weeks to do it.and in that short time，he composed a piece for piano and orchestra which he called rhapsody in blue.gershwin himself played the piano at the concert.the audience were thrilled when they heard his music.it made him worldfamous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.in 1928，gershwin went to paris.he applied to study composition (作曲)with the wellknown musician nadia boulanger，but she rejected him.she was afraid that classical study would ruin his jazzinfluenced style.while there，gershwin wrote an american in paris.when it was first performed，critics (评论家)were divided over the music.some called it happy and full of life，to others it was stilly and boring.but it quickly became popular in europe and the united states.it still remains one of his most famous works.george gershwin died in 1937，just days after doctors learned he had brain cancer.he was only thirtynine years old.newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages.people mourned the loss of the man and all the music he might have still written.【语篇解读】 本文讲述了george gershwin 一位伟大的音乐家的一生，对音乐界及世界的影响。 13many of gershwins musical works were_.awritten about new yorkersbcomposed for paul whitemancplayed mainly in the countrysidedperformed in various ways解析细节理解题。根据原文第二段末over the years they have been sung and played in every possible wayfrom jazz to country.其中“they”指代gershwins musical works，“in every possible way ”与 various ways属于同义替换，所以选d。答案d 14what do we know about the concert organized by whiteman?ait attracted more people to theatres.bit proved jazz could be serious music.cit made gershwin leader of the orchestra.dit caused a debate among jazz musicians.解析细节理解题。根据原文第三段中in 1924, jazz musician and orchestra leader paul whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music .其中“show that jazz was serious music”和b选项是表达的一个意思，所以选b。答案b15what did gershwin do during his stay in paris?ahe created one of his best works.bhe studied with nadia boulanger.che argued with french critics.dhe changed his music style.解析细节理解题。根据原文第四段中“it still remains one of his most famous works.”其中it指的就是an american in paris，“one of his most famous works.”即a选项中的 one of his best works。答案a16what do we learn from the last paragraph?amany of gershwins works were lost.bthe death of gershwin was widely reported.ca concert was held in memory of gershwin.dbrain cancer research started after gershwins death.解析推理判断题。根据原文最后一段，“newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages.”即说明了b选项“the death of gershwin was widely reported.”故b正确。其它选项均没有涉及。答案b17which of the following best describes gershwin?atalented and productive. bserious and boring.cpopular and unhappy. dfriendly and honest.解析主旨大意题。从全文看，这个人不可能用boring这样感情色彩负面的词来形容，故b错误；文中提到他popular，但没有说他unhappy，故c错误；friendly和honest在文中没有具体体现，没有根据，故d错误；a选项中talented有天分的，productive多产的，准确地描述了gershwin作为一个作曲家所具备的素质。答案a阅读理解-文学赏析类(2013江西，d)mark twain has been called the inventor of the american novel.and he surely deserves additional praise：the man who popularized the clever literary attack on racism.i say clever because antislavery fiction had been the important part of the literature in the years before the civil war.h.b.stowes uncle toms cabin is only the most famous example.these early stories dealt directly with slavery.with minor exceptions，twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely.he drew his readers into the argument by drawing them into the story.again and again，in the postwar years，twain seemed forced to deal with the challenge of race.consider the most controversial，at least today，of twains novels，adventures of huckleberry finn.only a few books have been kicked off the shelves as often as huckleberry finn，twains most widely read tale.once upon a time，people hated the book because it struck them as rude.twain himself wrote that those who banned the book considered the novel “trash and suitable only for the slums(贫民窟)”more recently the book has been attacked because of the character jim，the escaped slave，and many occurences of the word nigger.(the term nigger jim，for which the novel is often severely criticized，never appears in it.)but the attacks were and are sillyand miss the point.the novel is strongly antislavery.jims search through the slave states for the family from whom he has been forcibly parted is heroic.as jchadwick has pointed out，the character of jim was a first in american fictiona recognition that the slave had two personalities，“the voice of survival within a white slave culture and the voice of the individual：jim，the father and the man.”there is much more.twains mystery novel puddnhead wilson stood as a challenge to the racial beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day.written at a time when the accepted wisdom held negroes to be inferior(低等的)to whites，especially in intelligence，twains tale centered in part around two babies switched at birth.a slave gave birth to her masters baby and，for fear that the child should be sold south，switched him for the masters baby by his wife.the slaves lightskinned child was taken to be white and grew up with both the attitudes and the education of the slaveholding class.the masters wifes baby was taken for black and grew up with the attitudes and intonations of the slave.the point was difficult to miss：nurture(养育)，not nature，was the key to social status.the features of the black man that provided the stuff of prejudicemanner of speech，for examplewere，to twain，indicative of nothing other than the conditioning that slavery forced on its victims.twains racial tone was not perfect.one is left uneasy，for example，by the lengthy passage in his autobiography(自传)about how much he loved what were called“nigger shows”in his youthmostly with white men performing in blackfaceand his delight in getting his mother to laugh at them.yet there is no reason to think twain saw the shows as representing reality.his frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not.was twain a racist？asking the question in the 21st century is as wise as asking the same of lincoln.if we read the words and attitudes of the past through the“wisdom”of the considered moral judgments of the present，we will find nothing but error.lincoln，who believed the black man the inferior of the white，fought and won a war to free him.and twain，raised in a slave state，briefly a soldier，and inventor of jim，may have done more to anger the nation over racial injustice and awaken its collective conscience than any other novelist in the past century.【语篇解读】 通过研究马克吐温的作品，来判定他是否是一名种族主义者。作者列举了大量事实，说明了马克吐温是名反对种族主义的斗士，反驳了别人那些错误的观点。18how do twains novels on slavery differ from stowes?atwain was more willng to deal with racism.btwains attack on racism was much less open.ctwains themes seemed to agree with plots.dtwain was openly concerned with racism.解析推理判断题。由第二段with minor exceptions，twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else directly可知。答案b19recent criticism of adventures of huckleberry finn arose partly from its_.atarget readers at the bottombantislavery attitudecrather impolite languagedfrequent use of “nigger”解析细节理解题。由第三段more recently the book has been attacked because of the character jim，the escaped slave，and many occurences of the word nigger.(the term nigger jim，for which the novel is often severely criticized，never appears in it.)可知。答案d20what best proves twains antislavery stand according to the author?ajims search for his family was described in detail.bthe slaves voice was first heard in american novels.cjim grew up into a man and a father in the white culture.dtwain suspected that the slaves were less intelligent.解析推理判断题。由第五段中的后三句话可推出。答案c21the story of two babies switched mainly indicates that_.aslaves were forced to give up their babies to their mastersbslaves babies could pick up slaveholders way of speakingcblacks social position was shaped by how they were brought updblacks were born with certain features of prejudice解析推理判断题。由第六段第一句the point was difficult to miss：nurture(养育)，not nature，was the key to social status，可推知。答案c22what does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 7 refer to?athe attacks. bslavery and prejudice.cwhite men. dthe shows.解析词义辨析题。由第七段yet there is no reason to think twain saw the shows as representing reality.his frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not.可知。答案d23what does the author mainly argue for?atwain had done more than his contemporary writers to attack racism.btwain was an admirable figure comparable to abraham lincoln.ctwains works had been banned on unreasonable grounds.dtwains works should be read from a historical point of view.解析主旨大意题。该篇从马克吐温的人生经历，他的作品及其它作者的作品进行比对后，作者得出了：马克吐温比与他同时代的作家更反对种族主义。答案a阅读理解-dsince the beginning of the year, smog has covered parts of north china. in january, beijing saw only five days without smog. the rising pm 2.5 readings terrified many people, and some health experts said that whenever the smog gets serious, hospitals receive more patients suffering acute respiratory（呼吸系统）and heart diseases.later, news of polluted underground water in some provinces scared people who wondered whether the water they drink is safe.so the need to emphasize environmental protection while developing the economy is heard everywhere. smog especially is a common concern. like a popular online post said, air may be the only thing that is equal for everyone, despite your income or vocation. people with higher incomes are able to drink only bottled spring water and eat only organic food by paying higher prices, but they breathe the same air as everyone else. at a meeting on monday, many representatives have expressed their concerns about the air quality, too. one talked about his experience in beijing. “after taking a taxi from the capital airport to my hotel, which took about an hour, i washed my nose and found the inside of my nose was black. we should ask ourselves this question: why do we want to develop? its for living a better life. dirty air is definitely not a better life, he said. china needs to develop its economy and invest(投资) in high-tech. every chinese wants a strong country. but without blue sky, clean water and safe food, the achievements in the economy will become meaningless. space technologies are not to be developed for building a base on mars so that one day all human beings can migrate to the red planet because they have destroyed earth. what the public wants is a strong and beautiful china. president hu jintao spoke at the 18th party congress last november saying that great efforts must be made to promote ecological progress and build a beautiful china. the words have shown the central governments resolution to address the env