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英语 四 六 级 通关秘诀全集 导读: 离英语四六级考试时间 越来越近了, 如何安排这最后的复习时间呢?本文通过复习计划、单词、听力、写作、阅读、翻译之重点要点,让您用最短时间快速掌握,所列均为需要重视的内容,请认真阅读。 英语四级复习计划 如果你英语基础一般,请选择这一种方法! 一、基础阶段:(前两个月) 1、背单词:买一本单词书,每天 100 个单词,把中文意思一定要背过,会拼写,争取在一个月内把约 4500 个单词全部过一遍,有个大体印象。 2、看课本:新视野大学生英语,每天读两篇,把结构比较好 的句子画下来,多看几遍,能背则背,语法不需要背,如果实在不懂就不用看语法了 。 3、练听力:在基础阶段时,不需要练习考试听力,可以从网上下载一些 VOA 的慢速英语,因为四级的听力语速很慢,每天只需要听一篇,但是一定要一边听一遍写,知道能把英语都写下来,无论听多少遍。 4、写作:写作方面不用下太多功夫,背作文框架就可以(后面附有一本小册子就是英语作文的框架,在一个月前背过就行)。 二、强化阶段:(后两个月) 1、背单词:将单词开始背第二遍,这一遍要求记牢,无论中文意思还是拼写都要记住每天150 个,此外, 还要背一些词组,单词永远是最重要的,单词量不过关什么也不行。 2、看阅读:将历年的四级真题的阅读一篇一篇的看,难度并不大自己好好分析,对照答案的说明,然后做一遍,如有不懂可请教他人,每天一篇,每份真题有两篇仔细阅读一篇快速阅读,从 1999 年到现在大约一共有 82 篇,只需要把这些文章分析的彻底问题就不大。 3、练听力:还是以 VOA 的听力为主每天一篇,写下来,再对照答案。 三、冲刺阶段:(最后 20 天) 1、背单:词再将单词从头至尾背一遍 直到考试 单词至少要背三遍如果学有余力 掌握拼写 另外 将所做的阅 读真题里的陌生单词都整理到一张纸上 不要写中文意思 只写英文然后每天有空拿出来背一背 效果显著 单词是基础。 2、练听力:这个阶段一定要开始练习历年真题的听力了 每天做一篇即可与背单词相同的是 也要将听力文章里出现的陌生单词整理到纸上 不标注中文意思 找空闲时间、背一背在听听力的时候 要训练自己只听一遍 不可以一道题听很多遍那样事倍功半 在听听力题的最后一个大题 复合式听写时听句子时候听主干 只写主干 一样得分。 3、做阅读:将做过的阅读 在重新看看 哪里还有不懂及时解决 在做快速阅读时 不要先看文章 要先看题目 从题目去文章中定位做大阅读的方法一样。 4、写作:四级的写作可以说就是考议论文 议论文就是分三段每一段的句首的作用举重若轻 就按照我给你的那本册子背就可以 如有不理解 请教他人。 5、翻译:同样 将历年真题一道一道的认真做下来 每做完几年的就做一个对比 会发现知识点都是重复出现的 翻译相对简单 另外:如果认为背单词太累 且记不住 还可以尝试这样一种方法从基础阶段就开始做真题 在阅读中去背单词将所有不会的单词都记录下来 整理到本子上 背就可以了但是这种方法并不是很扎实 如果基础比较好的 话,可以参照下面这种复习方法 我是怎样十天通过英语四级考试的 最近有好友对说,快四级考试了,什么都不会,心里没有底,于是问,上学期只见你天天玩,你是怎样应对四级的?实在不忍心看好友们痛苦的表情,今天就把十天通过四级的“秘诀”与大家共享一下,希望能起到引“石”点金的作用! 是这样做的:首先,在考试十天前,和一学妹借了一个文曲星,目的有两个, 学英语累了的时候玩游戏 (手机里的游戏都已被玩通关了 ) 正式宣布开始应对四级了,让大伙知道可是在专业的用文曲星应考,不是小打小闹滴,以此来提高的自信! 下面就来谈谈每一种题型的应对方案。 1、听力:有三种题型, dialogue(十个对话 ), passage(三个短文 ), compound dictation(复合式听写,也就是传说中的段子题 ),第一种每年必考,后两种逐年交替,其中考 passage 的次数相对较多。 最容易得分的是 dialogue和 passage,只要记住一个超级技巧即可:对话所述事情总是向不好的方面发展。举几个例子:比如对话里问教授的讲座lecture 难不难,记住一定难,老师的作业 assignment 多不多,一定多,男士发出的邀请,女士会 答应吗,永远不会,永远是一个傻哥们发出邀请,邀请的对象是 Mary,问我们游泳好吗,滑冰好吗,跳舞好吗,吃饭好吗, Mary 的回答永远是,我非常的想去, but 不去,四级考了十几年了, Mary 从来没有去过,今年照样不会。所以大家记住,只要是对话,必然会发生意外的事情,再举个例子,两个选项, A 火车准时, B 火车晚点如果你是出题老师,你怎么设置对话,当然是晚点了,准时有什么好说的,总不能两个神经病,或者是两人刚谈恋爱,来到车站,没话找话,男的说,哇,火车准时了,女的说,咿!还真准时了耶!所以准时是不可能的,不好的事情一 般都是最后的答案!对于 compound dictation,上学期运气好没有考这个,但是觉得这种题确实比较难,只能竖直耳朵专心听了,即使听不懂,也要根据上下文瞎猜一个,空着肯定没分,瞎猜说不定老师看错了还会给你一分! 我想补充的是,千万不要听历年真题,不管是磁带还是 MP3,这些只会让你觉得更烦,当时就只是在 mp3 里面存了一些 BACK STREET BOY 的 as long as you love me, I PROMISE YOU 等和 Mariah carey 的 Always Be My Baby 等等,当困 了的时候就在自习室里假寐一会儿,听歌养神! 2、阅读:这是我们应考的重点,阅读题得分的高低直接影响到你是否能过,在这里我针对每种题型谈一谈,事实细节题,据的观察,每年必考地方是列举处,即有 first,sceond, in addition的地方,还有举例与打比方的地方,即有 as, such , for instance等出现的地方,有几个应考规律,大家记住, 1)选项中照抄或似乎照抄原文的一般不是答案,而同义词替换的是正确答案, 2)选项中表达意义较具体,也就是句子较长的一般不是答案而概括性的,抽象的 是答案, 3)选项中有绝对语气词的比如 must, never, merely 等不是答案而有不十分肯定语气词的是正确答案,比如 could, might, possible 等。词义及语义判断题,常考有指代上下问语义功能的名词和一词多义的词组,另外复杂句由于其句子之间的关系复杂,也常成为考查理解能力的一种手段,大家只要记住一个规律即可,那就是选项含义与被考单词在含义上肤浅相近的一般不是答案推理判断题,有如下几个技巧, 1)若要求对某段内容进行推论,那么就只看题干要求作答的那一段, 2)选项中采用试探性,不十分绝对语气词的比 如 tend to , offten 等一般是答案, 3)符合常识逻辑的一般是答案,比方说为什么中国比较穷,是因为人口众多,为什么美国人很胖,是因为他们吃的肯德基,麦当劳太多了 )。主旨大意题和观点态度题,这两种相对都比较难,大家的得分都不是很高,所以即使你做的不好也别太介意。这两道题,当时是在十分紧迫的情况下,只读了首尾段,然后迅速选择的,其实最后效果还不错,阅读考了二百多分! 3、词汇:对于这种题,当你看到的博客以后,回去赶紧扔掉那些什么词汇串联记忆,星火记忆,黑白记忆,什么家谱式记忆,连环记忆之类的 书吧,或者送人,或者保存好,来年卖给不懂事的大一新生们,要不就拿去垫桌角,方方正正的多好啊!认为背单词是一种投入和产出极不成比例的做法,极其愚昧和迷信!当年是这样做的,考前两天 (一定不要太早,否则还会忘掉 ),浏览了一下课本后面的四级词组,考试时,只要选项里有出现课本上的单词或词组,那么不要犹豫,选定她!还想提醒大家,千万不要在 30 个词汇题上浪费太多的时间,要知道每个题才 0.5 分啊,而阅读呢,一个 2 分,把时间节省出来做阅读吧!当时用的方法再加上 14 蒙题的概率,最后综合项 (包括完形填空 )考了一百多分。 4、完形填空题和简短回答题:这两个题也是逐年交替,其中前者出现的机会远远大于后者,如果你遇到的是完形填空题,你应该庆幸,整个四级考试中,数她最简单了,当时压根儿就没有看题目一眼,直到考试结束铃响了,才开始拿着机读卡瞎蒙,当时坐在最后一排,当收卷子的女老师走到跟前时,还有五道题没有涂卡,深情地对她说,天气闷热,您也很累了吧,她笑着对我说,谢谢,还行。在这一瞬间,把所有的题都涂完了。大家参加过高考的人都知道,做一个完形填空题花的时间可能超过两道阅读题,但是得分呢?相信大家都心中有数。幸亏四级考试中此题每个才 0.5 分,即使真正的高手在这个题上也不会超过你五分的,但是花的时间却是你的 30 倍左右 (当时做这个题前后大概只用了 18 秒 )。一直认为,对于完形填空,命题者的真正意图不是考查你的知识水平,而是考查你是否会合理安排时间! 如果你不幸遇到了简短回答题,说实话,也没有好办法,这种题虽说千年难遇一次,但是认为这是四级考试中最有水平,最不好应对的题,出题人一定来自天外星球!遇到这种题,如果你有兴趣,那就试一下,如果实在不会做,那么你就认倒霉吧!在大学里有一句话说的好:一生中,谁没有几次踩到大便的时候! 5、写作:认为这是最容易应对而且也是最容得分的题!只需考前花 9 秒种,即有可能取得 9 分 (满分 100 分制 )以上的好成绩。当时只是在开考前熟记了两个比较有难度的经典句型,考试时想办法在在首句和结尾处各用了一个,然后剩余部分,或者自由发挥,或者写几段喜欢的英文歌词 (注意不是汉语拼音的 ),或者写一下李阳疯狂英语里的搞笑句子。你不要怀疑的做法,现在给大家分析一下此法可行的原因:判卷时,每个老师桌子上都会有一大叠卷子,远远超过你高考时的复习资料,你想,只要是个人,谁会有耐心仔细看那么多的英语文章,再加上一般判卷发生在大夏天 ,天气闷热,心情烦躁,每天关在小屋里看们这些无聊低级的文章,不许上网,不许 QQ,不让开 MSN,更不可能写博客,好人也会被折磨疯的。所以他们判卷时,一般只看开头和收尾句,再大体看一下字数够不够,有的正在谈恋爱的老师,心情比较好,还会看有没有错误的单词,为了防止这种情况,我提醒大家,我们的目标不是写一篇惊世骇俗的文章,而是尽量在三十分种内不说一句错话,不写一个错单词。一句话,我们的目标就是 没有蛀牙!再有,写短文时,最好用黑色钢笔,而不要用其他颜色的,特别是圆珠笔,另外,千万要注意书面整齐,据说,判卷老师大 都是近世眼,对于黑色他们更为敏感,更习惯。书写也是,越整洁,他看得越清晰,心情就越好,们的分也就越高!当时做完此题,共用了八分钟,但是的写作成绩却是八十分 (满分 710 分制 )! 最后再告诉大家,要保持一个良好的心态! 英语六级复习计划 导读: 离英语四六级考试没有几天时间了,如何安排这最后的复习时间呢?来看看大家都是怎么安排复习计划的吧。 六级考试一到,引无数 mopper 竟折腰。每年这个时候,是不是又有很多大大们为了将要来临的六级而废寝忘餐,不分日夜的在背书背书再背书呢 ? 如果正在看的 你是这么勤奋的话,很好,你可以不用看了,继续回去背单词吧,这篇东西是给那些不想背单词或者已经没有时间去背单词的人看的,说了是邪道嘛,当然是要捷径,捷径,再捷径的走咯。好孩子不要学喔 ! 英语这种东西有捷径吗 ?大家可能会提出这种问题。个人认为,捷径是什么东西都有的,不过走捷径当然要付出代价,要承受或多或少的副作用啦。学英语要走捷径的最大副作用就是 对真正想要提高英语水平帮助很小,小到几乎没有。就是说,完全是拿来考试的,考完大概就没用了 另外,要使用这种短期提高法还是有要求的,就是你本身英语水平要维持一定 的水准,大概要四级水平 65 分以上吧。要是你 60 分刚过的四级,对不起了, 要是 现在离六级还有 3个月,先去背两个月单词再来看吧 _说了那么多废话(大家不要扔鸡蛋喔,扔几个圈圈过来好了 ),那我们就正式开始我们的邪道之路吧。 第一步,放弃背单词,全力攻阅读。看到这里,大家可能会说,单词不是英语之本吗,不背怎么去考啊 ?不错,单词虽然很重要,但是重要归重要,背不起来还是背不起来啊,偶最讨厌的就是背单词啦(试过考试前半年开始背六级单词,到临考前 10 天发现自己才背到EToT )。所以,背不起来的东西干脆就不要背, 背了也是浪费时间 单词也就那么30 题 15 分,全部用撞的按几率也有 1/4 吧,背那么辛苦干嘛啊。阅读就不同了,阅读小小的 20 题就 40 分了,轻重之分一目了然。所以,你就给我把阅读给攻下去,只要拿到个 35分以上,嘿嘿嘿 当然咯,想要提高阅读水平,就只有做了。当然,做也要做得有水平啊,王常喜模拟题里面的阅读给我全部做完他 !时间要掌握在 30 分钟之内,不然时间会很紧。你想想, 2 小时的考试, 30 分钟听力, 20-30 作文, 30 分钟阅读,剩下的单词跟改错也就剩30 分钟了。另外,阅读的时候还有习惯问题。有些人喜欢看完整篇 文章再做题目,有些人则相反,喜欢看完问题再读文章,这个倒是没什么所谓,自己喜欢就好。不过先看文章的要注意时间的掌握,而先看问题的则要注意与问题对应的答案的出处。因为有时候出题人喜欢在文章里面出一些相近的冬冬,让你会不小心混淆的,特别是时间紧的时候,自己小心了。 阅读目标 30-35 分 第二步,语感里面出听力听力部分常常困扰到平时少接触英语语言环境的朋友。但是大家要记住,听力里面一般不会出到太深的单词,一般的四级词汇绰绰有余。所以要提高的是捕捉语句的重点。本人的办法就是 :有条件的,看多点英文台,不是叫你 去看电影,电影语言跟听力出题差太多,基本上没用。要听的是新闻,英文台的新闻发音跟速度一般都适中,可以拿来作为听力练习。特别注意的是不要去看那些脱口秀之类的节目,听坏你的语感的 :(要是没有英文台的朋友可以买部收听频率阔点的收音机去听美国之音,效果不错喔 听力目标是 15 分 第三步,有错要改,没错也要改第四部分通常是改错或者完形填空,先说说改错吧。改错就是验收你听力跟阅读时期练习出来的语感的时候了。里面会错的一般都是平时我们常常会出错的地方,例如介词,冠词,连词的用法,名次的单复数,动词的时态问题,反 正你平时会出错的地方你都找找啦,说不定会有意外惊喜喔 _另外,改错里面可能会有一个空是没有错的,所以,实在找不到错误的时候你就空了它吧,那个地方说不定是没有错的啦 说完改错,就说完形填空了。说真的,完形填空里面有一部分的语法题跟一部分的单词题。单词题就没什么可说的了,早就说了不背单词,遇到不认识的单词题还有什么可以想的,跟前面的单词题一样对待,全部给我撞吧 而语法题考的其实跟改错差不多,考完形还有可供选择的选项,比改错容易多咯 _改错(完形)目标 7-8 分(我记得满分好像是 10 分吧,考完太久不记得 ! ) 第四步,作文兮,无作乃有文乎作文部分是十分重要的,很多朋友可能会因为时间问题而不去完成作文部分,这就是大大的不智啊。大学时的英语教授曾跟我说过, 四六级的作文采取的是扣分制。 15 分的作文,你的文章要是在 5 分以下的话,会倒扣前面卷子的分数 (她是这么说的啦,我是原文引述,不是的话不要骂我 ToT)因此,要是你不去完成作文的话,没的就不止 15 分,而是以上了。六级的作文一般都是出叙事体或者议论体的作文。叙事体是描写一件事或者一个过程,大家从小学就开始学写了吧,现在只不过把它换成英文而已,难度倒不大。而议论体的 文章则要把握一个原则,你支持哪一个观点问题不大,问题在于你一定要给出好的理由去支持他。就算你说地球是方的,太阳只从西边出来,你也要给个好理由出来。这个时候,就是考验我们 mopper 的 bt 程度(当然不要太刺激了,不然气死了那些改卷的老爷爷老奶奶就不好了)。另外,写作的时候 不要用 babyEnglish.何谓babyEnglish,就是说句子结构太简单,单词太常见等等。举个例子,IamgladtogooutwIThyoutoday.我很高兴今天跟你出外(游玩)。 这个就是标准的 babyEnglish 了,说 得那么简单,改卷的一看就明白了,想都不用想,有什么好啊 ,应该用这种表达形式 :ITmakesmesodelightedthatyoucanstayoutwIThmeinsuchafineday. 原则就是要让改卷的第一眼看不明白 你想想,那么多的卷子,改卷的一天改那么多份,他哪里有心情每份仔细看啊,都是粗略的看一下而已。原则就是可以一眼就弄明白的东西,肯定水平不会太高。而看上去比较有文理,用词技巧较好,大致没什么语法错误的才会高分啊 大家朝这个方向努力吧! 作文分六天背诵 - 话题:大学生 就业 - 1.With the policy of expanding recruitment of higher education and fierce competition of job-hunting market, the unemployment of college graduates is becoming the hot issue of the whole society. The college graduates constantly complain about being rejected by some promising company in the job-hunting market. 2.Even most jobs provided in the job-hunting declaredly excluded the graduates, only welcoming the experienced employees. Even worse, entering for the post graduate examination is becoming an approach to escaping the problem of unemployment.- 3.Is that really difficult for college graduates to hunt jobs? In fact, the answer might be no . There are three reasons for unemployment of college graduates. The first one is the deficiency of practical vocational skills and academic knowledge.- 4.The second is the inappropriate evaluation of his own value in job market. The third is the actually fierce competition resulting from the policy of expanding recruitment of higher education.- 5.To successfully compete in the job market as a college graduate, you must work hard to master the academic and vocational skills during your college life. Of course, consciously training your practical skills by taking part-time job will be advisable.- 6.lot of college graduates desire to work at governmental institutions in big cities, and they all want to sign up for the public servants examination.Besides, many employers only want to take on those students who have good knowledge and practical skills. But many graduates only have theoretical knowledge, but no practical experiences.- 听力中常出现的语句 1) take a rain check 延期 2) lost count 弄不清楚 3) be in another world 精神恍惚 ;魂不守舍 4) make yourself at home 随意,随便 5) save your breath 省口气吧 ;别白费口舌了 6) make sense 有意义,理解 7) cost sb. an arm and a leg 非常昂贵 8) burn a hole in ones pocket 很快地被花光 9)fill ones shoes 很好地顶替 ;令人满意地替代 10)is ice cold 表示理所当然 11)like apples and oranges 用来表示无法相比的事物 12)wait until the last minute 直到最后一刻 13)lose ones train of 忘记 14)meet each other half way 相互妥协,让步 15)on the dot 准时 ;正点 16)once and for all 最后一次 ;干脆 17)out of earshot 不在听力所及范围 18)out of this world 非常好 19)play by ear 随机应变,视情形而定 20) ring a bell 令人想起某件事 ;听起来耳熟 21)share a common outlook 有共同的观点 22)six of one and half-a-dozen of the other 半斤八两 ;没什么区别 23)stick around 在附近逗留或等待 24)stick with 继续做,坚持 25)straighten out 扯平 ;结清 26)toss and turn (身体 )翻来覆去 (通常表示难以入睡 ) 27)turn ones back (在别人遇到困难时 )不愿帮助 28)under the weather 身体不适,生病 29)bite off more than one can chew 贪多嚼不烂 ;心有余而力不足 ;不自量力 ;力不从心 30)break new ground 创新 31)do the trick 做成功 ;达到理想的结果 32)drag ones feet 行动缓慢 ;磨磨蹭蹭不情愿 33)draw the line 拒绝,拒不容忍 34)feel down in the dumps 心情不好 ;情绪低落 35)few and far between 不多 ;少而分散的 ;不常碰到或发现的 ;稀少的 36)fit as a fiddle 身体很健康 37)grin and bear 任劳任怨 ;毫无怨言地忍受 38)hit the spot (特指吃了食物,喝了饮料之后 )精神完全恢复过来或感到满足 ;恢复精力 ;提 精神 39)keep between the two of us 不让第三者知道,保密 40)know a thing or two about 略 知一二 如何准备四级阅读 1、练习阅读方法,提高阅读速度。传统的三种方法: 1)先看文章后作题。是用这种方法应 注意三点: 1、注意文章中心与作者基本观点,即抓大的放小的。 2、注意重要细节的位置 ,第一遍阅读时在了解主题之后知道某个东西在哪里,胜过你知道他是什么。 3、阅读速度 稍快。不能过分沉迷于原文,速度要快一点。 2)先看问题再读文章 要抓对重点 适用于文章: 1、难度较大的文章 2、只包含一两段的流 水账文章。流水账文章段落少层次感较差,可以先看题目看清问题,确定大概的位置。 3、 细节题较 多的文章。 缺点:对主题把握不够明确。 3)读一层意思做一道题,读文章做题交叉进行。本方法适用于: 1、段落较多的文章 2、阅 读速度较慢的同学。注意事项: 1 每次阅读一小段或者一长段的一半 2 阅读速度比第一种阅读 方法要稍慢一些,力求弄清本段意思 3 每次读新的内容之前,最好把接下来要回答的问题要 先看一下。每篇文章为 9 分钟,读原文要 5 分钟,做题要 4 分钟 注意不良的阅读习惯: 1 逐词指读 正确方法要读意群 2 出声阅读 2、分析句子结构 注意句子的主干,其他可以不看 3、熟悉体型 主题 ( main mainly primary primarily 中心思想 写作目的 标题)细节(定位原文 关注考试原则)词意(包括指带 上下文推断词义 词根 )推理(细节性推理题 infer 题型 conclude 题型)态度(表示态度的首段 选项的含义) 4、课外阅读 主要是看复旦大学和上海交大的书 5、授课内容与方式 对阅读一般性了解,结合一篇文章讲一讲四级的阅读方法 细节题的导 入 3 细节题考试原则常考的语言现象 5 主题方面的总结 8 难题穿一穿 四级一般的阅读方法和做题方法概括四句话: 1 扫读题干关键词 2 浏览原文作标记 3 比较选 项得答案 4 迅速排除省力气 其中核心是浏览原文作标记 可以标记的地方: 1 指示性的具体信息 如时间、人物、数字 2 与文章结构有关的中心信息 包括:主题句 转折词( but however yet 出现这几个词的时候一般都会考到)其他标记题号 考试原则 文章首句出现定义或者概念,通常就是主题 出现转折必会考到 主题在末段的可能性接近于零 0 任何主题题型只要选项包含细节就直接错误,不管它有大多伟大 按时间顺序阐述的文章主题,通常在首末段,尤其是首段 细节题定为原则:细节出现多次,优先考虑首次定 位 原文有个词,再在选项中弄一个与其相类似的单词作干扰选项 作词义题的方法:根据上下文确定同义或反义的关系 两个动词分不开的时候看主语 doubt or challenge 一般的理科文章只要作者不是骂骂咧咧的,他的口气态度一般都是客观的 出现连串数字或者年代时常被考到 流水账文章一般不考主题 一道题答案有疑问时,找特殊位置,找特殊语言现象 这篇文章给我们的启发是文章中有些句子比其他句子要更加重要一些。重要局:有些句子常 被考到位于特殊位置。主要包括三种: 1)各段首句 2)全文末句 3)文中结论 解释句 问句在第一段首末常有意义,与主题挂钩。其他地方的问句大都是调侃的现场不要老分析它 的意思。 一个选项有毛病主要是形容、词副词在作怪。 作那种四个选项哪个是对的题目,注意: 1)正确答案一般针对全文或者段落主题 2)通过排除得到正确答案 细节题小结 一、做题步骤 1、根据问题中的关键词回原文定位。关键词包括 1)一般为名词或名词词组 2)优先考虑的 关键词:专有名词,包括人名和带“”的词数字、时间形容词和副词比较或因果语言现象 2 仔细阅读包含关键词的句子,在本句、上下句寻找线索。 3、将包含线索的句子与选项进行比较,对线索句进行同义替换的为正确答案。同义替换有 三种方式:关键词替换正话反说语言简化 二、按照顺序寻找答案 由于细节题的排列顺序,一般对应原文的叙述顺序,所以一般按顺序寻找答案。 三、难以定位的细节题的处理方式 四、细解题错位的做题方法 列举原则:原文连续提 3-4 项叫列举 列举这种语言现象常与 except 题型相对应 问某一段没有提到什么,其他段落的内容通常成为正确答案。四级里分散列举比较少 关于实验型文章 在实验型文章中,通常可以根据问题中的动词定 位 答案基本上按顺序寻找 实验型文章包括:代表人物 实验目的 实验目的 =主题 =1。 2 段的目的不定式 实验结 果 有实验结果的句子一般被考到,其他的都是小细节。实验结果一般都是以动词来体现的。 实验型文章的试验目的一般相对确定,多次问试验目的一般都指向同一个结果 四级考试中一般有五个表示试验结果的重要动词: find, show, identify, observe, notice 一般 看到含有这几个词的句子要注意,通常看后面有没有类似的词出现在问题中;反之,看到问 题中有这几个词的时候要到文 章中找这几个词,这些都是近义词。 实验型文章实验目的指向主题或目的不定式 第一段首末出现转折常与主体挂钩 . 文章中没有主题句时,综合各段首句,其中共有的词汇为本文的主题词。 问标题的基本思路:寻找本文的主题词 注意选项范围的大小(不能过小不能过大) 91 -6-38 问题中含有文中的主题词时,正确答案针对段落主题,在主题句中找 在四级中 when as if 这三个词,在问题中出现一个,就在原文中找没有 when 就找 as 或者 if, 条件句找条件句。 根据动词词组的副词确定意思,常见的副词有: back 向后,阻挡 off 脱离 on 继续 down 向下 比较原则 一、比较结构 1、比较级,比较级的表现形式是 +er 或 more。 2、最高级,最高级表现形式是 +est 或 most。 3、词汇首段,作为比较来考的词汇有: like,unlike,different from ,differ from 4、句型结构 as as 二、绝对意义 first , least, none 三、唯一性 only solely unique 如何思考: 1、将问题中或选项中 的比较原则与原文类似语言现象相对应 2、文章中的比较原则一般都对应后文的问题,四级原文出现比较要敏锐的感觉道一般都会 有一道题目的。特别是全文的段首句、段末句和文章中心解释句。 3、 选项中出现比较在原文找不到对应时,该选项直接错误。 Only most less more 指代原则 一、做题步骤: 1、返回原文找到指代词所在的位置 2、向上搜索名词性的词组或句子 3、用四个选项替换该指代题 二、判断原则 简单地说是就近指代。就近指代是代词指代在主格宾格、单复数、位置、 意义等方面与之接近的名词 。 三、补充说明 this that it such 既可以指代单数名词,也可以指代他们之前的句子。 问段落唯一的例子的意思,答案指向段落主题句。问一个类比或例子不能照抄原文的。实在 没有办法就看这个段落那个单词出现的次数多,就可能是本段的主题词。 如果在问题中遇到 various change alter different 中的一个词,在文中必有其中另一个词。 如果四个选项中有两个意思是相反的,那么其中必有一个是正确的;如果有两个意思都是一 样的,那么这两个选项一定都是错误的。 许多选项出现 :文章里是客观描述,结果到了选项里变成了主观性的描述,这些选项是错误的 这是四级常用的陷阱。 选项中口气太绝的也是错误的 出题的位置包括: 1、重要句,重要句包括:各段首末句 文中结论解释句 2、特殊语言现象,包括:比较、转折、数字、因果和例子(尤其是很长的例子 当文章的主题句、中心思想很难找的时候,可以看在文章的段首段尾句、关键的句子里出现 多的单词,一般是主题词;另一种方法是看 5 个题目中的各个选项出现次数比较多的词也可 能是主题词。 文章第一段出现问句,应该特别关注。 句子题的做题思路 :分析句子的结构,包含这个句子主干的选项为正确答案看上下句, 确定同义或反义关系。 文章比较难的学习方法 1、先找主题 2、学会这一类文章的看法,这类文章的共同特点是:语言难度高,背景较为 复杂的文章。出题的方向有:先看题目抓重要和特殊语言现象段落的论述通常从两个 方面进行。 主题题型 一、 1、有主题句时,与主题句相对应的为正确答案 如何找主题句:主题句具有总结性,一般位于文中三个地方全文首句(出现得最多) 一段末句,一段末句出现转折或结论时常出现主题。第二段的一、二句,二 段对一段进 行总结或否定时常出现主题。例如进行总结的文章;进行否定的文章; 2、文中没有主题句时,各段首句相加,其中共有的词汇为本文的主体词,必须出现在主题 题型的正确答案中。 主题词的特征有:一般为名词或名词词组;出现频率较高;一般位于段落首句。 二、根据语言提示寻找主题 1、根据文章结构定主题,常见的结构有:结论解释型的文章,结论为主题所在。一般首 句是个判断句或者有态度时就常是结论,尤其是首句之后紧跟较长的例子或细节时。 现象解释型的文章,解释为文章主题所在。 问句出现在一段首 末句,问句等于现象。 回答就是主题。 问题解决方案型文章,解决方案为文章主题。 2001 年 6 月第一篇 2、 文章首句中的主题名词,尤其是主语在后文被重复时,暗示首句为本文的主题句。 三、主题题型的变体 1、标题,本文最好的标题 正确答案对应文章的主题词;选项范围要恰如其分; 2000 年 12 月 15 题 2、写过目的写作目的等于中心思想;文章中谈到困难或问题 (problem,difficulty,hardship) 时,包含下列动词的选项优先考虑: warn,remind, 四、主题题型的正误选项的 特征 1、正确选项必须包含文中的主题词; 2、错误选项主要有两种:包含细节;出现了原文中没有提到的内容。 文章中出现两个对立观点时,作者可以明确支持其中一派;如果不明确支持其中一派,他的 态度一般是折衷的。 词义题 一、返回原文找到被考的词或短语 二、做题方法 根据上下文确定同义或反义关系(寻找词性和语法功能相同的词,根据他们来确定意思) 根据词根或动词词组的副词判断意义 三、字面意思或大纲中的第一个意思通常不是答案 例证题 1、例证题的总原则:问一个例子或类比的目的或原因, 答案为该例子前后总结说明性的话。 2、两种模式:先总结,后例子答案往前找;给出例子时常有提示词: for example ,for instance 先例子后总结答案往后找;给出总结时常用提示词: therefore thus 等结论性词汇。 3、三种情况:全文性的例子,答案为本文的主题;段落性的例子,答案指向段落主题 句,在本段的首末句;在没有标志词的情况下,问一个单词例证什么,通常等于问该单词 在句子中的意思; 01-6-29 例证题和指代题一样,比较干扰选项是比较不出来的,选出正确 答案了就 不要看其他的选项了。 对于文章写的比较郁闷,作者观点不明确的文章,作者对文中的问题一般表示关注。 Concerned 对于一个事件不管渲染的多么可怕,不出人命就不叫 fatal 致命的 因果原则 1、隐性因果:即问题出现因果词,但原文找到的句子没因果词,一般集中与段落的前两句 ;尤其是前一句是因后一句是果。 2、显性因果:因果名词(在问题中有因果,在原文中也有因果): reason result basis 因果动词: base on ,be due to , result from , result in 因果连词或介词: because, with, why , for, as 因果副词: therefore , thus ,as a result 在文章中看见因果词就要想到后面会考到 ;在选项中看到因果词,就要想到文中的因果现象。 如果文章中谈一个现实问题,解决方案一般不够完美,所以涉及解决方案的选项具有以下特 征才是正确的:目前解决方案不行;需要继续寻找解决方案。 2001-6-first 实验型文章实验目的指向主题或目的不定式,对于实验性文章,实验代表人物有了,再看实 验目的, 然后是实验结果,凡是与这三点无关的句子都要快读。 有时候有的段落没有题,没有题的段落出现在选项里常常是干扰选项。 选项错误大多跟形容词和副词有关 文章的主题可以用两个方式来表达:直接阐述作者的观点;否定与作者相反、相对立的观点。 推理题 1、问题中有线索时,根据线索找到原文相关句,与相关句意思一致的为正确答案。所以说不管题目中有 imply include infer,只要问题中有一个线索,比如:人名、地名、关键词,就拿着这些词回原文找和原句一对应,就出来答案。 2、 infer 题,一般对应相 应段落,否则对应文章主题。 此题目一般题干光秃秃的没有什线索,这时我们应该看该题的位置,如果是文章开始,那就对应文章开始;出在 2、 3、 4 那就一般和 234 对应,最多错一个段落,否则就是对应文章主题;如果在最后的话,那优先对 应文章最后。 3、推论( conclude)题: 为第一题时,通常对应文章主题;为 2、 3、 4 题时,基本上针对文章中间段落;为最 后一道题时,优先对应文章最后部分,有时也针对文章主题。 与主题有关的优先考虑。 总复习 1、利用两周左右的时间复习学过的内容;包括:总结所有错误 题目的主要问题;结合文章消化做题方法;归纳难词难句; 2、继续做题:做题的进度,每周 2-3 个单元;作题的遍数。真题作两遍。 99 年 6 月以 后的做两遍研究一遍。(上海外语教育出版社大学英语四级最新考题祥解)根据上下 文记忆词汇;(最后)模考; 99-6、 2001-6 加上 2002-1(最新刚考过的)的题目。 ( ss3721 总结) Of all the countries , china will be the best . Of all the students, you will top the test. 万国之中以中华为最,万人之中为你出类拔萃 英语六级复习专题一完形填空 -固定搭配 1. account for 说明 的原因,是 的原因 2. ccuseof 控告;谴责 3. allow for 考虑到,顾及,为 留出预地 4. appeal to 诉诸,诉请裁决 (或证实等 ) 5. bring about 导致,引起 6. call off 取消 7. care for 照顾,照料;喜欢 8. check in (在旅馆、机场等 )登记,报到 9. check out 结帐后离开,办妥手续离去 10. come up with 提出, 提供,想出 11. count on upon 依靠,指望 12. count up 共计,算出 的总数 13. draw up 起草,拟订; (使 )停住 14. fall back on 借助于,依靠 15. get at 够得着,触及;意思是,意指;查明,发现;指责 16. go in for 从事,参加;爱好 17. hang on to 紧紧抓住;保留 (某物 ) 18. turn out 制造,生产;结果是;驱逐;关掉,旋熄 19. take over 接受,接管;借用,承袭 20. take in 接受,吸收,接纳;理解,领会;欺骗;包括 21. stick out (把 ) 坚持到底;突 出,显眼 22. stick to 坚持,忠于,信守;紧跟,紧随;粘贴在 上 23. set out 陈述,阐明;动身,起程;开始;摆放 24. set forth 阐明,陈述 25. set about 开始,着手 26. put in for 正式申请 27. refer toas 把 称作,把 当作 28. pay off 还清 (债 );付清工资解雇 (某人 );向 行贿;得到好结果,取得成功 29. make up for 补偿,弥补 30. look over 把 看一遍,把 过目;察看,参观 31. look through 详尽核查; (从头至尾 )浏览 32. live on 靠 生 活,以 为食物 lie in (问题、事情等 )在于 33. lie in (问题、事情等 )在于 34. let go(of) 放开,松手 35. hold out 维持,保持;坚持 (要求 ),不屈服 36. hold back 踌躇,退缩;阻止,抑制;隐瞒,保守 (秘密等 ) 37. have an advantage over 胜过 . have the advantage of 由于 处于有利条件 have the advantage of sb。知道某人所不知道的事 38. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用。 39. attributeto(=to believe sth. to be the result of) 把。 .归因于 ., 认为。 .是。 .的结果 40. begin with 以 开始 . to begin with (=first of all) 首先, 第一 (经常用于开始语 ) 41. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以 名义 42. believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth.sb. to be true) 相信,依赖,信仰。 43. get the better of (=defeat sb。 ) 打败, 胜过。 44. by birth 在出生上,论出身,按血统 at birth 在出生时 ; give birth to 出生 、 45. blame sb. for sth. 因 责备某人 . blame sth. on sb. 把 推在某人身上 46. in blossom 开花 (指树木 ) be in blossom 开花 (强调状态 ) come into blossom 开花 (强调 动作 ) 47. take the floor 起立发言 48. be capable of 能够, 有能力 be capable of being +过去分词是能够被 的 49. comparewith 把 与 比较 50. compareto 把 比作 51. complain of (or about)抱怨 ;诉苦 ;控告 ;complain about 抱怨某人或事情 ; complain to sb. about sth. (or sb。 ) 向某人抱怨 ; complain ( 抱怨 ); complement (补充 ); compliment (恭维 ) 52. delight in(=take great pleasure in doing sth。 )喜欢, 取乐 53. take (a) delight in 喜欢干 , 以 为乐 54. demand sth. from sb. 向某人要求 (物质的 )东西 55. deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物 56. deviate from 偏离, 不按 办 57. on a diet 吃某种特殊饮食, 节食 58. differ fromin 与 的区别在于 59. dispose of (=get rid of ,throw away)处理掉 60. beyond dispute 不容争议的,无可争议 61. in dispute 在争议中 62. (be) distinct from ( = be different from) 与 截然不同 63. distinguish between (=make or recognize differences) 辨别 64. distinguishfrom 把 与 区别开 65. do away with(=get rid of; abolish; discard eliminate) 除去,废除,取消 ; do away with (=kill) 杀掉, 镇压 66. come off duty 下班 67. at large(=at liberty, free) 在逃, 逍遥法外 at large(=in general) 一般来说, 大体上 at large(=at full length; with details)详细地 68. accuseof(=chargewith; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控,控告 69. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到, 估计到 。 70. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计, 等于。 71. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对 负责。 72. abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于 ;遵守 73. comply with (=act in accordance with a demand, order, rule etc。 ) 遵守, 依从 74. apply to sb. for sth. 为 向 申请 ; apply for 申请 ; apply to 适用。 75. apply to 与 有关 ;适用 76. arise from(=be caused by) 由 引起。 77. arrive on 到达 ; arrive at 到达某地(小地方 );得出,作出 ; arrive in 到达某地 (大地方 ); 78. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以 为羞耻 79. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth。 ) 向 保证, 使 确信。 80. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 缚, 系 ,结 81. attend to (=give ones attention, care and thought)注意,照顾 ;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候,照料 82. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根据 83. on ones own account 1) 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益 2) (=at ones own risk) 自行负责 3) (=by oneself)依靠自己 on account 赊账 ; on account of 因为 ; on no account不 论 什么 原因 也不 ;of account 有 。 .重要性。 84. takeinto account(=consider) 把 .。 .考虑进去 85. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释, 说明。 86. on account of (=because of) 由于,因为。 87. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于。 88. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解 ; (=to have met socially ) 熟悉 89. act on 奉行,按照 行动 ; act as 扮演 ; act for 代理 adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于 90. adapt(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编, 改写 (以适应新的需要 ) 91. in addition (=besides) 此外, 又, 加之 92. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除 外 93. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, pe rsist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附 ; 坚持, 遵循 94. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的, 临近的 95. adjust。 .(to) (=change slightly)调节 ; 适应 ; 英语六级复习专题二翻译 -语法精要 动词 (时态 ,语态 ,用法 ,省略 ,一致性等 ) 时态 1)现在完成进行时态 (have/has been + -ing 分词构成 ): 动作或状态从过去某时开始 ,继续到现在 ,可能继续下去 ,也可能刚刚结束 . I ve been writing letters for an hour. I ve been sitting in the garden. 2)过去完成进行时 (由 had been + ing 分词构成 ): 过去某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作 I d been working for some time when he called. We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came. 3)将来完成进行时 : 将来某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作 . By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years. In another month s time she ll have been studying here for three years. 4)将来完成时 (由 shall/will have + 过去分词构成 ): 将来某时会业已发生的事 . I shall have finished this one before lunch. They ll have hit the year s target by the end of October. 语态 可以有两种被动结构的类型 ,例如 : He was said to be jealous of her success. It was said that he was jealous of her success. 能同时适用于上述两个句型的主动词通常都是表示“估计” ,“相信”等意义的动词 ,常见的有 assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand等 . It is supposed that the ship has been sunk. The ship is supposed to have been sunk. 担当 be supposed to 与不定式的一般形式搭配时往往表示不同的意义 .例如 : Why are you driving so fast in this area? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit. (你应该晓得速度限制 ) 双宾语及宾补结构的被动语态 双宾语结构的被动语态 : 双宾语结构变为被动语态 时 ,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语 ,另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面 ,但多数是把间接宾语变为主语 . He was asked a number of questions at the press conference. Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations. 宾补结构的被动语态 : She was called Big Sister by everybody. Then he was made a squad leader. He was considered quite qualified for the job. The room was always kept clean and tidy. 短语动词 Vi + adv The plane took off two hours late. Vi + prep They looked round the Cathedral. Vi + prep (有被动语态 ) She s looking after her sister s children. The children were always well looked after. Vi + adv + prep I began to look forward to their visits. Vt + O + adv Some women choose to stay at home and bring up their children. The children were brought up by their mother. They took him on. Vt + adv + O (无被动语态 ) I am trying to give up smoking. Vt + O + prep We talked Donald into agreement. 省略 在以 as, than, when, if, unless 等引导的从句中的省略 : 在有些状语从句中 ,如果谓语包含有动词 be,主语又和主句的主语一致 a),或者主语是 it b),就常常可以把从句中的主语和谓语的一部分 (特别是动词 be)省略掉 . Look out for cars when crossing the street. When taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effects. While there he joined in voluntary labour on a project. Although not yet six months old, she was able to walk without support. If not well managed, irrigation can be harmful. Though reduced in numbers, they gained in fighting capacity. This viewpoint, however understandable, is wrong. Enemies, once discovered, were tightly encircled and completely wiped out. She hurriedly left the room as though/if angry. She worked extremely hard though still rather poor in health. Fill in the application as instructed. Whenever known, such facts should be reported. The documents will be returned as soon as signed. He said that no acrobat could ever perform those daring feats unless trained very young. Once having made a promise, you should keep it. If necessary I ll have the letter duplicated. Fill in the blanks with articles where(ver) necessary. If possible, I should like to have two copies of it. As scheduled, they met on January 20 at the Chinese Embassy. 在以 than a) 或 as b) 引起的从句中 ,常会有一些成分省略 . He told me not to use more material than (it is) necessary. We should think more of the collective than of ourselves. They worked with as much enthusiasm as young people (did). He is now a vice-manager, but still often works in the kitchen as before. Their training is free, as is all education. We will, as always, stand on your side. 错误的省略 His life is as fully committed to books as anyone I know. While standing there in her nightgown, two bullets struck the wall beside her. 一致 如果主语是单数 ,尽管后面跟有 with, together with, as well as, as much as, no less than, more than 等引导的短语 ,谓语动词仍旧用单数形式 . Terry, along with her friend, goes skating every Saturday. An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help in this work. The captain, as well as the coaches, was disappointed in the team. 代词作主语时的一致 each, either, neither 和由 some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词 ,都作单数看待 . Each of us has something to say. Is everybody ready? Somebody is using the phone. Neither of us has gone through regular training. Has either of them told you? some, few, both, many 等作复数 some 可后接复数 ,也可接单数 ,表示某一 . none 作复数看待时较多 ,但也有时作单数看待 ,主要看说话人脑中联系想到的是复数还是单数概念 , 但 none 在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数 : None of the books are easy enough for us None of us seem to have thought of it. None (= not a single one) of us has got a camera. None (= nobody) has felt it more keenly than she did. None of this worries me. all 和 most 可后接复数 ,也可接不可数名词 (all of the , most of the ), 动词用单数 . 由 and 或 both and 连接名词词组时 , 后用复数 ; 由 not only but (also), either or, neither nor 或 or 连接的并列主语 , 谓语通常和最 邻近的主语一致 . Not only the switches but also the old writing has been changed. My sister or my brother is likely to be at home. Either you or Mr Yang is to do the work. Neither my wife nor I myself am able to persuade my daughter to change her mind. 如果一个句子是由 there 或 here引导 , 而主语又不止一个 , 谓语通常也和最邻近的那个主语一致 . There was carved in the board a dragon and a phoenix. Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you. people, police, cattle, poultry (家禽 ), militia (民兵 ) 等通常都用作复数 . Cattle are grazing on the pasture. The police are looking for him. 有些集体名词有时作单数看待 , 有时作复数看待 , 主要根据意思来决定 . His family isn t very large. His family are all music lovers. The committee meets twice a month. The committee are divided in opinion. The audience was enormous. The audience were greatly moved at the words. 有些名词单复数同形 , 可根据意思决定谓语动词的数 : This new series is beginning next month. These new series are beginning next month. This species is now extinct. These species are now extinct. 表示时间 , 重量 , 长度 , 价值等的名词 , 尽管仍是复数形式 , 如果作整体看待 , 动词也可用单数形式 (当然用复数动词也是可以的 ): Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. One hundred li was covered in a single night. 其他问题 书名 , 国家名用单数 : Tales from Shakespeare is a book by Charles Lamb. 学科名 , 如 mathematics, economics 用单数 . many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时 , 谓语动词多用单数形式 : Many a person has had that kind of experience. More than one person has involved in the case. a number of 后接复数 , the number of 后接单数 : A number of books have been published on the subject. The number of books published on the subject is simply amazing. one of those 后用单数 . 在“ one of + 复数名词 +关系分句”结构中,关系分句中谓语动词的单复数形式在一般情况下有两形式,一是根据先行词采用复数形式: Joan is one of those people who go out of their way to be helpful. 口语交际 What are you trying to say?(你到底想说什么?) Dont be silly.(别胡闹了。) How strong are your glasses?(你近视多少度?) Just because.(没有别的原因。) It isnt the way I hoped it would be.(这不是我所盼望的。) You will never guess.(你永远猜不到。) No one could do anything about it.(众人对此束手无措。) I saw something deeply disturbing.(深感事情不妙。) Money is a good servant but a bad master.(要做金钱的主人,莫做金钱的奴隶。) I am not available.(我正忙着) Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand.(脑中的知识比手中的金钱更重要) Never say die.its a piece of cake.别泄气,那只是小菜一碟。 Dont worry.youll get use to it soon.别担心,很快你就会习惯的。 I konw how you feel.我明白你的感受。 You win some.you lose some.胜败乃兵家常事。 Dont bury your head in the sand.不要逃避现实。 I didnt expect you to such a good job.我没想到你干得这么好。 You are coming alone well.你做得挺顺利。 She is well-build.她的身材真棒。 You look neat and fresh.你看起来很清纯。 You have a beautiful personality.你的气质很好。 You flatter me immensely.你过奖啦。 You should be slow to judge others.你不应该随意评论别人。 I hope you will excuse me if i make any mistake.如有任何错误,请你原谅 It was most careless ofme.我太粗心了。 It was quite by accident.真是始料不及。 I wish i had all the time id ever wasted,so i could waste it all over again.我希望所有被我浪费 的时间重新回来,让我再浪费一遍。 I like you the way you were.我喜欢你以前的样子。 You two go ahead to the movie without me,i dont want to be a third wheel.你们两个自己去看电 影吧,我不想当电灯泡。 Do you have anyone in mind?你有心上人吗? How long have you known her?你认识她多久了? It was love at frist sight.一见钟情 Id bettle hit the books.我要复习功课啦。 a piece of ones mind .直言不讳 He gave me a piece of mind,Dont shift responsibility onto others.他责备道:“不要把责任推卸 到别人身上。” a cat and dog life 水火不容的生活 The husband and his wife are always quarrelling,and they are leading a cat and dog life.这对夫妇 老是吵架,相互之间水火不容。 a dogs life 潦倒的生活 The man lived a dogs life.这个人生活潦倒。 A to Z 从头至尾 I know that from A to Z. 我很了解这件事。 above somebody 深奥 Well,this sort of talk is above me.我不懂你们在讲什么。 all ears 全神贯注地倾听着 When you tell Mary some gossip,she is all ears.跟 Mary 讲一些小道消息,她会听地仔仔细细。 all the more 更加,益发 Youll be all the better for a holiday.度一次假,对你会更有好处。 all dressed up 打扮得整整齐齐 She is all dressed up and nowhere to go.她打扮得整整齐却无处炫耀。 all in all 总的说来;最心爱的东西 The daughter is all in all to him.女儿是他的无价宝。 all out 竭尽全力 They went all out.他们鼓足了干劲。 all over 全部结束;浑身,到处 Glad,it is all over.这事全部结束了,好得很。 Im wet all over.我浑身都湿了。 all set 准备就绪 He is all set for an early morning start.他已做好清晨出发的一切准备。 all you have to do 需要做得是 All you have to do is to calm yourself down and wait for the good news.你需要做得是静下心来 等好消息。 as easy as falling of a log /as easy as snapping your fingers /as easy as ABC 容易得很 To me,a good story teller,it would be as easy as falling of a log. 对我来说,讲个故事还不是随手拈来。 as busy as a bee 非常忙 Mum is always as busy as a bee in the moring.妈妈每天早上都忙得不可开交。 at ones fingertips 了如指掌 How to get at that little island is at his fingertips.他知道怎么去那个小岛。 at ones wits end 智穷 Dont ask him.It is also at his wits end.不要问他了,他也不知道。 big shot 大人物,大亨 He is a big shot in our little town. black sheep 败家子,害群之马 Every family has a black sheep.家家有本难念的经。 black and blue 遍体鳞伤 The thief was caught of red-handed and beaten black and blue.那个小偷当场被抓住并被打得青 一块紫一块的。 black and white 白纸黑字 The proof is in black and white and the murderer has no any excuses.证据确凿,凶手再也无话 可说。 blind alley 死胡同 You are heading into a blind alley.你正在钻牛角尖。 blow hot and cold 摇摆不定 This guy seemed to have no own idea.He always blew hot and cold.这家伙好象没什么主张,总 是摇摆不定。 blow ones own trumpet 自吹自擂 Dont blow your own tumpet.Let us see what on earth you can do.不要自吹自擂了,让我们看 看你到底能做什么。 born with a silver in ones mouth 出生在富贵人家 He is born with a silver in ones mouth.他是含着金钥匙出生的。 bland new 崭新的 a bland new coat 新衣服 break the ice 打破沉默 The couple hadnt spoken to each other for a week.They were both waiting for the other one to break the ice.这对夫妇已经一个星期没说过话了。两人都在等另一方先开口。 by a blow 无意中的一击 He is beaten to the ground by a blow.他被击到在地。 cant stand it any longer 不能再忍受了 I cant stand it any longer,I quit.我再也忍受不了了,我走。 carry something too far 过火了 You are carrying your joke too far.你玩笑开得太过分了。 castle in the sky 海市蜃楼 You plan is nearly a castle in the sky.你的计划简直就是空想。 cats got ones tongue 哑口无言 chain smoker 老烟枪 come up with 产生, 想出 Let me come up with some ideas.让我想一想。 come easily 容易 Languages come easily to some people.有些人能够很容易地掌握语言。 cup of tea 喜欢 Movies are not my cup of tea.我不喜欢看电影。 cut it out 停止,住嘴 Cut it out!I cant stand you any longer. call it a day 不再做下去,停止(某种活动) Let us call it a day,stop.这一天工作够了,停工吧! dark horse 黑马 Nobody considered that John would win the game.He was a dark horse in the final. dear John letter 绝交信 Jack received a dear John letter from his girlfriend because he had broken her heart. do somone good 对某人有好处 Having some moring exercises does you good. Do you get me? 你明白我的意思吗? doesnt count 这次不算 It doesnt count this time,try again. doesnt make sense 不懂;没有任何意义 The sentence you made doesnt make any sense to me. down and out 穷困潦倒 Being down and out,he couldnt support his family. drive at 用意,意欲 Whats he driving at?他用意何在? drop in 偶然拜访 I dropped him in on my way to the hospital. drop me a line 写信给我 On arriving the University,please drop me a line. early bird 早起的人 An early bird catchs worms。捷足先登 easy come easy go 来得快去得也快 eat my words 收回前言,认错道歉 I said something bad to my mum.Although I want to eat my words back, it didnt work,for I had hurt my mums feeling. face the music 直面困难 He knew hed never get away with it so he decided to face the music and give himself up to the police.他知道自己不可能逃脱,因此决定一人做事一人当 向警察自首。 face up to 勇敢地面对某事 You must learn to face up to your responsibilities. fed up 厌倦 I am rather fed up with your complaints. feel free to do something 不要拘束 Please feel free to make suggestions. few and far between 很少,稀少 Human beings are few and far between in this zone. French leave 不辞而别 give me a headache 让人头痛 The naughty boy gave me a headache. give me a hand 帮我一下 go Dutch AA 制 God bless you 上帝保佑你 God bless you with your examinations. God knows 天知道 Got it? 明白了吗? green thumbs /fingers 园艺技能 hands are full 非常忙 have a ball 勇敢 have had it 受够了 I have had it with all your excuses.我受够了你的借口。 hold water 站得住脚 Non of his arguements seem to hold water. in every sense of word 在某种意义上说 Its a lie in every sense of word.这是不折不扣的谎言。 keep an eye on 提高警惕 kill time 打发时间 lazy bones 懒骨头 Get up lazy bones! leave it to me 让我来吧 leave me alone 别管我 like father like son 有其父必有其子 like it or not 不管你喜不喜欢 make a fool of oneself 愚弄某人 make a big money 赚大钱 make both ends need 收支平衡 We have to cut our expenses to make both ends need. make waves 引起轰动;兴风作浪 His achievement made waves in his country. make yourself at home 别拘束 no good 没有好结果 Bad mam comes to no good. no kidding 不要开玩笑 none of your bussiness 不关你的事 not really 也不是 old hand 老手 He is an old hand at stealing. old story 老一套 I am tired of it,same old story. on ones word of honor 以某人的人格担保 on occasion 间或 of ones own accord 自愿地 packed like sardins 拥挤 During the holidays,people in the trains are packed like sardins. pass away 去世 pay the price 付出代价 You are playing with the fire and you must pay the poice one day. put up with 忍受 I cannt put up with your rudeness any more;leave my room. red-letter day 重要的或值得纪念的日子 red tape 繁文缛节 red carpet 红地毯 run into 偶遇 I ran into an old friend in the shop yesterday. run out of 用尽,缺少 Quick,quick,we are running out of time. show up 炫耀 small potatos 小人物 so what? 那怎么样呢? stand up for 忍受 suit ones taste 对某人的胃口 sunday dress 最好的衣服 sure thing 十有把握的事 take ones time 尽情玩 Take your time and enjoy it. take the words out of ones mouth 说出某人想说得话 thats it 就是 that is really something 太好了 there is nothing I can do 我什么都不能做 there you go 这边请 there is nothing wrong with me 我没事 under the table 死底下,秘密地 under the weather 身体不适 whats going on 怎么了 what a man 多勇敢的人啊 walking dictionary 活字典 what is up 近来可好 Hi,I havent seen you for a long time,whats up? world class 一流的 例句 1. According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.依照最近的一项调查,每年有 4, 000, 000 人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。 2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。 3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.没有一项发明像互联网一 样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。 4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。 5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。 6. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.说到教育,大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。 7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a persons physical fitness.许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。 8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful effects of international tourism.应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量,努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。 9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而,越来越多的城市居民 却怀疑这种说法,他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题 ,像犯罪和卖淫。 10. Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers. 许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少,以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车,而车上可能已满 载乘客。 11. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.无可否认,空气污染是一个极其严重的问 题:城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。 12. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。 12a. A proper part-time job does not occupy students too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.一份适 当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间,事实上,把全 部的时间都用到学习上并不健康,正如那句老话:只工作,不玩耍,聪明的孩子会变傻。 14. Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。 15.Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.当前,一提到即将开始的学校生活,许多学生 都会兴高采烈。然而,对多数年轻人来说,校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。 16. In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.考虑到问题的严重性,在事态进一步恶化之前,必须采取有效的措施。 17. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力,而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。 18. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.无可争辩,现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻 的 痛苦生活。 19. Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.尽管这一观点被广泛接受,很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、 任何年龄进行。 20. No one can deny the fact that a persons education is the most important aspect of his life.没有人能否认:教育是人生最重要的一方面。 21. People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。 22. In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.在过去的 几十年,先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间 更长成为可能。 23. In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself. 事实上,我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。 24. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.我们应该不遗余力地美化我们 的环境。 25. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得更多工作或提升的机会。 26. The information Ive collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.从这 几年我搜集的信息来看,这些知识并没有人们 想象的那么有用。 27. Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.现在,人们普遍认为没有一所大学能够在毕业时候教给学生所有的知 识。 28. This is a matter of life and death a matter no country can afford to ignore.这是一个 关系到生死的问题,任何国家都不能忽视。 29. For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons:我同意后者, 有如下理由: 30. Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.在给出我的观点之前,我想看看双方的观点是重要的。 31. This view is now being questioned by more and more people.这一观点正受到越来越多 人的质疑。 32. Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information Ive collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.尽管许多人认为随着经济的高速发展,用自行车的人数会减 少,自行车可能会消亡, 然而,这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信自行车仍然会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要的作用。 33. Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.环境学家指出: 持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题,而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的 生存。 34. In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.考虑到这些严重的状况,我们比以往任何时候更需要像自 行车这样的环保型交通工具。 35. Using bicycle contributes greatly to peoples physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康,并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。 36. Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.尽管自行车 有许多明显的优点,但是它也存在它的问题。 37. Bicycle cant be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.在速度和舒适度方面,自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。 38. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论:自行车的优点远大于缺点,并且在现代社会它仍 将发挥重要作用。 39. There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.当前在高校和研究机构 对教育存在着大量争论,其中一个问题就是教育是否是个终身学习的过程。 40. This issue has caused wide public concern.这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。 41. It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.必须指出学习只能靠 自己。 42. A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously, they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a persons education is a most important aspect of his life.许多人存在这样的误解认为离开学校就意味着结束了他们的教育。显然,他们忽视了教育是人生重要部分这一基 本事实。 43. As for me, Im in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the following reasons:就我而言,我同意教育不应该随着毕业而结束的观点,有以下原因 : 44. It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时候教会他们的学生所有知识的。 45. Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.即使最优秀的毕业生,要想成为一个博学的人也要不断地学习。 46. It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.人们普遍认为我们的现代科技使我们的社会发生了巨大的变化,近几十年人类在科技方面取得了惊人的进步。 47. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.现在越来越多的人开始相信学习新的 技术和知识能直接帮助他们获得工作就会或提升的机会。 48. An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.一项调查显示许多老人都有到大学继续学习的愿望。 49. For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.对大多数人来讲退休以后,阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源。 50. For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.对 于那些想过上健康而有意义的生活的人们来说,找时间学习一些新知识是很重要的,正如那 句老话:活到老,学到老。 51. There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school sudents doing a part-time job.对于大学或高中生打工这一现象,校园里进行着广泛的 争论。 52. By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks. 通过做一份和专业相关的工作,学生不仅能够提高他们的专业能力,而且能获得从课本上得 不 到的经验。 53. Although people s lives have been dramatically changed over the last decades, it must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day.近几 十年,尽管人们的生活有了惊人的改变,但必须承认,由于学费和书费日益飞涨,资金短缺 仍然是学生们面临的最大问题之一。 54. Consequently, the extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.因此,业余工作挣来的钱将强有力地支持学生们继续他们的求学生活。 55. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a far-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part- time job, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.通过上面的 讨论,我们不难得出结论:业余工作对学生们会产生深远的影响,我们应鼓励学生从事业余 工作,这将有利于学生和他们的家庭,甚至整个社会。 56. These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in past. Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an in50e result and there is no way to avoid it.现在,越来越多的人 们开始抱怨工作比以前更有压力。许多专家指出这是现代社会发展必然的结果,无法避免。 57. It is widely acknowledged that computer and other machines have become an indispensable part of our society, which make our life and work more comfortable and less laborious.人们普遍认为计算机和其他机器已经成为我们社会必不可少的一部分。 它们使我们的生活更舒适,减少了大量劳动。 58. At the same time, along with the benefits of such machines, employees must study knowledge involved in such machines so that they are able to control them.同时,随着这些机器 带给我们的好处,员工们也必须要学习与之相关的知识以便使用它们。 59. No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.没有人能否认这一基本事实:对于一般工人来讲,轻松掌握 这些技术是不可能的。 60. In the second place, there seem to be too many people without job and not enough job position.第二方面,失业的人似乎太多而又没有足够的工作岗位。 61. Millions of people have to spend more time and energy on studying new skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in job market.成千上万的人们 不得不花费更多的精力 和时间学习新的技术和知识,使得他们在就业市场能保持优势。 62. According to a recent survey, a growing number of people express a strong desire to take another job or spend more time on their job in order to get more money to support their family.根据最近的一项调查,越来越多的人表达了想从事另外 的工作或加班以赚取更多的钱来补贴家用的强烈愿望。 63. From what has been discussed above, I am fully convinced that the leisure life-style is undergoing a decline with the progress of modern society, it is not necessary a bad thing.通过以 上讨论,我完全相信,随着现代社会的进步,幽闲的生活方式正在消失并不是件坏事。 64. The problem of international tourism has caused wide public concern over the recent years.近些年,国际旅游的问题引起了广泛关注。 65. Many people believe that international tourism produce positive effects on economic growth and local government should be encouraged to promote international tourism.许多人认为国际旅游对经济发展有积极作用,应鼓励地方政府发展国际旅游。 66. But what these people fail to see is that international tourism may bring about a disastrous impact on our environment and local history.但是这些人忽视了国际旅游可能会给当地环境和历史造成的灾难性的影响。 67. As for me, Im firmly convinced that the number of foreign tourists should be limited, for the following reasons:就我而言,我坚定地认为国外旅游者的数量应得到限制,理由如下 : 68. In addition, in order to attract tourists, a lot of artificial facilities have been built, which have certain unfavorable effects on the environment.另外,为了吸引旅游者,大量人工设施被修建,这对环境是不利的。 69. For lack of distinct culture, some places will not attract tourists any more. Consequently, the fast rise in number of foreign tourists may eventually lead to the decline of local tourism.由于缺乏独特的文化,一些地方不再吸引旅游者。因此,国外旅游者数量的快速增加可能最终会导致当地旅游业的衰败。 70. There is a growing tendency for parents to ask their children to accept extra educational programs over the recent years.近些年,父母要求他们的孩子接受额外的教育呈增长的势头。 71. This phenomenon has caused wide public concern in many places of world.这一现象在 全世界许多地方已引起了广泛关注。 72. Many parents believe that additional educational activities enjoy obvious advantage. By extra studies, they maintain, their children are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge, which will put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets when they grow up.许多家长相信额外的教育活动有许多优点,通过学习,他们的孩子可以获得很多实践技能和有用的知识,当他们长大后,这些对他们就业是大有好处的。 73. In the first place, extra studies bring about unhealthy impacts on physical growth of children. Educational experts point out that, it is equally important to take some sport activities instead of extra studies when children have spent the whole day in a boring classroom.首先,额外 的学习对孩子们的身体发育是不利的。教育专家指出,孩子们在枯燥的教室里呆了一整天后 ,从事一些体育活动 ,而不是额外的学习,是非常重要的。 74. Children are undergoing fast physical development; lack of physical exercise may produce disastrous influence on their later life.孩子们正处于身体快速发育时期,缺乏体育锻炼可能会对他们未来的生活造成严重的影响。 75. In the second place, from psychological aspect, the majority of children seem to tend to have an unfavorable attitude toward additional educational activities.第二,从心理上讲,大部分孩子似乎对额外的学习没有什么好感。 76. It is hard to imagine a student focusing their energy on textbook while other children are playing.当别的孩子在玩耍的时候,很 难想象一个学生能集中精力在课本上。 77. Moreover, children will have less time to play and communicate with their peers due to extra studies, consequently, it is difficult to develop and cultivate their character and interpersonal skills. They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illness.而且,由于要额外地学习,孩子们没有多少时间和同龄的孩子玩耍和交流,很难培养他们的个性和交际能力。他们可能变得孤僻甚至产生某些心理疾病。 78. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that, although extra studies indeed enjoy many obvious advantages, its disadvantages shouldnt be ignored and far outweigh its advantages. It is absurd to force children to take extra studies after school.通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论:尽管额外学习的确有很多优点,但它的缺点不可 忽视,且远大于它的优点。因此,放学后强迫孩子额外学习是不明智的。 79. Any parents should place considerable emphasis on their children to keep the balance between play and study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.任 何家长都应非常重视保持孩子在学习与玩耍的平衡,正如那句老话:只工作,不玩耍,聪明 的孩子会变傻。 80. There is a growing tendency for parent these days to stay at home to look after their children instead of returni

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