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1pat ad. at once and without hesitation 立刻而不犹豫地: Eg. Her answer came pat. 她回答得很乾脆. Idm: have/know sth. off pat 对某事物记得或了解得很清楚Eg. He had all the answers off pat. 他把所有答案都记得很清楚。a.1) 恰好的; 适当的; 适时的. 2)(贬) too quick; glib 过於快的; 伶牙俐齿的; 油嘴滑舌的: v.&n. (-tt-) 轻拍 patted ,patted ,pattingstand pat 坚持 adj.恰好的;熟练的;合适的experienced, applicable, skilled, becoming, shapedadv.恰好;熟记地just, spotn.轻拍;小块;轻拍声tablet, nubblevt.轻拍chuckvi.轻拍tapIdm: pat sb/oneself on the back 对某人自己表示庆贺 鼓励或赞扬2. presencen.1.在场,出席 2.仪表,仪态简爱presence of mind 镇定自若(absence of mind心不在焉)a man of no presence .其貌不扬的人 Idm: in the presence of sb/in sbs presence 当着某人; 有某人在场Eg. She asked them not to discuss the matter in her presence. 她请求他们不要当着她讨论这个问题。present a.现在的;出席的v/a 提出;介绍;赠送vi. 举枪瞄准n. 现在;礼物;瞄准3. promisinga. showing signs of being successful in the future有前途的,有希望的a promising youth .有希望的青年 Eg. I would like to work in a promising company like yours.我希望在如贵公司一样有前途的公司里就职。n. & v.许诺,允诺;给人以的指望或希望4. lower vt. 1. reduce sth. in amount, price, degree, strength, etc. 减少;降低 2.move sb. or sth. down from a higher position 降下eg. The price will be lowered from $150 to $100 to attract more customers.为了吸引更多的顾客,价格将从150 美元降到100美元。adj.低年级的,下游的,下等的 lower class 社会底层 lower classman 低年级学生 5. romantic (romance romantism romantist )a. relating to feelings of love or a loving relationship 浪漫的 The woman writer is famous for her romantic love stories.这为女作家因她所著的浪漫爱情小说而闻名。 6. gratituden. U the feeling of being grateful 感激,谢意grateful a.感激的ungrateful a.忘恩负义的gratitude n.感激ingratitude n. 忘恩负义的out of gratitude出于感激 with gratitude感谢Eg. I owe a debt of gratitude to you. 我真得感谢你们。7. perceptivity =perceptiveness/insight n. U the ability of being quick to notice and understand 知觉;理解力 Eg. You can always sense he perceptivity whenever she makes comments on something.每次他就某事发表评论时,你总能感觉到他敏锐的洞察力。 The writer is worth admiring for his outstanding perceptivity and memory.这位作家因其超群的洞察力和记忆力而值得钦佩。 8. massivea. large in size. quantity, degree, etc.大的,严重的,大量的mass n.团; 块; 堆: 大量; 大批; 众多 (of sth) (a) quantity of matter without a regular shape 团; 块; 堆: There were masses of dark clouds in the sky. 天上有朵朵乌云。9. approximatelyad. about, nearly 大约,大概【辨析】approximate,about, or soapproximately原义为“最接近地”,因而数量或质量上接近正确,误差极小,可以忽略about 原义为“在周围”,about 因而指大致接近,相差可多可少or so 常放在表示价格、数量的数字之后;about和approximate常放在表示价格、数量的数字之前approximate a. almost correct or exact but not completely so 近乎正确或精确的; 大概的10. breezen.微风,和风vi 吹微风,飘然而行breeze in/out 飘然而入/去When he saw us .the master just breezed in and smiled. 主人看到我们后就轻快地走了过来微微一笑wind breeze gust gale风 微风 阵风 强风11. fussv.1) (about/over)complain over small matters: (因小事)抱怨;小题大做Eg. Stop fussing and eat your food! 别大惊小怪的, 吃你的东西吧!If you keep fussing about, were sure to be late. 你要是总瞎忙个没完, 我们非迟到不可。2) annoy or disturb (sb) 扰乱, 打搅(某人) Eg. Dont fuss me while Im driving. 我开车时别打搅我。n. a lot of unnecessary worry or excitement about sth.小题大做,大惊小怪Phrv:make a fuss of/over sb/sth 娇惯某人,对某人某事过于注意Dont make so much fuss over the children. 不要对孩子照顾得太过分。12. rebel (rebellious, rebellion )vi. (against) fight against sb. in authority or against an idea or situation 造反;反叛;反抗 The poor rebelled against the emperor but were defeated quite soon.穷人起来反抗皇帝,但很快就被镇压了。n. C a person who rebels 造反者,反叛者,反抗者 Eg. No one would believe that the priest was one of the anti-government rebels.没有人会相信神父是反政府分子的一员。13. shiftv. 移动,转移,改变n. 转换,转变,轮班【搭配】make shift (with sth./ to do sth.)勉强使用,将就,设法shifton/onto把推卸给,转嫁给【辨析】shift 指位置或方向的移动、改变convert 指由一种形式或用途改变为另一种形式或用途alter 最普通的用法是表示改衣服,使之合身,另外alter还可表示态度,性格等的改变transform 指外貌、性格或性质的彻底改变14 makeshift a. used at the time because there is nothing better 权宜的;暂时的 He couldnt find his way before it got dark, so he decided to find a makeshift shelter for the night.他无法在天黑前找到路,所以决定先找个临时的过夜之处。n. 临时措施 Use an empty crate as a makeshift for a table. 用空板条箱权充桌子 15. passionn.C,U a strong feeling about sth. or a strong liking for sth.1) 激情,热情 2)热爱,强烈的爱好 3) 激怒,大怒Phrv: have a passion for 酷爱 to do 热切希望做get/fly into a passion 大怒,大发雷霆16. assert (asserting v.主张,声称, asserted a&v.宣称的, assertor n. 主张者,维护者) vt. state or declare sth. firmly 断言;声称;维护;坚持Eg. She asserted that he was innocent. 她断言,他是无罪的。Phr:assert oneself 坚持自己的权利; 显示自己的权威 assert national independence 维护民族独立 assert ones rights 维护自己的权利 assert sth. to be true 断言某事是真实的 17. swear (swore, sworn) vi. (at sb/ sth.) curse 咒骂 Eg. The foreman is always swearing at the workers. 那工头总是对工人骂骂咧咧。vt. make a promise to do sth. 发誓 to swear to fight for 宣誓为而战Eg. I swear that I would never let the secret out.我发誓我永远不会泄露这个秘密。swear by 极其信赖swear in 使宣誓就职swear off 保证戒掉、放弃18. persist v. continue to do sth. in spite of opposition or warning 坚持 vi. continue to exist or happen 继续存在或发生 【辨析】persist in means going on doing sth.Eg. He persisted in asking her annoying questions.Insist on means being very firm in doing or saying what you want toEg. He insisted on PhrV:persist in sth./doing sth. 坚持做某事 Eg. If you persist in being late for work, you will be fired. 如果你老是上班迟到,你会被开除的。persist with 继续努力, 坚持不懈Eg. He is still persisting with his opinions. 他仍然固执地坚持他的意见。persistence n. U 坚持不懈; 持续; 存留persistent a. 坚持的; 持续不断的; 不间断的19. frown vi .1. (at sb/sth) 皱眉, 蹙额(以示生气 沉思 忧愁等): 2. on/upon sth isapprove of sth 不赞成某事; 不许可; 不同意:Eg. My parents always frown on late nights out. 我父母向来不赞成深夜外出。20. rank vi. have a particular position in a list of people or things 位于.等级(或地位) Eg. Our success in research ranked as one of the greatest achievements in this field.我们在研究上取得的
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