英语短文改错精选.doc

短文改错Culture refers to the social heritage of a people - the learnedpatterns for thinking, feeling and acting that characterize apopulation or society, include the expression of these pattems in _1_material things. Culture is compose of nonmaterial culture - _2_abstract creations like values, beliefs, customs and institutional arrangements - and material culture - physical object like _3_cooking pots, computers and bathtubs. In sum, culture reflectsboth the ideas we share or everything we make. In ordinary _4_speech, a person of culture is the individual can speak another _5_language - the person who is unfamiliar with the arts, music, _6_literature, philosophy, or history. But to sociologists, to behuman is to be cultured, because of culture is the common world _7_of experience we share with other members of our group.Culture is essentially to our humanness. It provides a kind _8_of map for relating to others. Consider how you fred your wayabout social life. How do you know how to act in a classroom,or a department store, or toward a person who smiles or laugh _9_at you? Your culture supplies you by broad, standardized, _10_ready-made answers for dealing with each of these situations.Therefore, if we know a persons culture, we can understandand even predict a good deal of his behavior.1. include - including2. compose - composed / comprised此出的意思是“由组成”，固定搭配有be composed / comprised of，be made up of，consist of。3. object - objectsObject是可是名词，一般说来可数名词以单数形式出现时要有不定代词或冠词修饰，而在此没有任何冠词，而且上下文对应的均使用了复数形式，所以应该把object改为复数。4. or - and此处是固定搭配bothand。5. individual后加who / that这句话出现了两个谓语动词，在英语中不符合语法规范。从上下文可以看出individual后面的部分是修饰individual的定语从句，缺少了引导词，所以应该加上who或that。6. unfamiliar - familiar根据常识，“文化人”应该是“熟悉艺术、音乐”的人，因此把否定改为肯定。7. of - /表示原因时，because后跟从句，because of后跟名词性质的词或词组。此处是从句，所以把of去掉。8. essentially - essentialbe后面的表语不能用副词。9. laugh - laughs此处的smile和laugh是并列成分，作定语从句修饰person，又因为先行词person是单数，所以从句的谓语也要用单数。10. by - with此处是固定搭配supply sb with sth1. You have to practice speak English as much as possible _1_now since you are going to England next year2. Consider the great need for improving many aspects of the _2_global environment, one is surely justified in his concern for the money and resources 3. At the beginning of 19th century working hours were from sunrise to sunset, pay was awful, and working conditions being _3_poor and dangerous. 4. Today, the Mona Lisa looks rather somber, in dull shapes of brown and yellow. This is due to a layer of varnish cover the _4_paint, which has yellowed over the years5. We should avoid from those shallow people who are easily _5_changed by adversities misfortune.6. Taking together, these factors enabled the working class to exist _6_but allowed them no sense of security.7. Between 1890 and 1920, for example, some 250,000 new residential lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago, most of them locating in outlying areas. _7_.8. Charles Deschanel stressed that the French economy needed a larger share of the international market to balance between its import and export trade. _8_.9. Deciding how much discomfort and risk we are prepared to put up with in the name of better health is a highly personal matter, not a decision we should remain to doctors alone. _9_.10. Television, it is often said, keeps one informing about current _10_events and the latest developments in science and politics.1. speak- speakingpractise后的宾语要用-ing形式。2. Consider - Considering3. being - were4. cover - covering此处的cover用来修饰前面的名词a layer of varnish，可见应该使用非谓语动词形式。另外两者间是主动关系，故使用现在分词。5. from - /avoid是及物动词，后面可以直接跟宾语。6. Taking - Taken此处的非谓语动词take与主句主语these factors之间是被动关系。7. locating - locatedmost of them locating in outlying areas这句是独立主格结构，them指代的是residential lots，be located in表示“坐落在”，locate要用过去分词。8. between - /balance作动作词时是及物动词，后面不用加介词，意思是“使平衡”。9. remain leaveremain：保持、仍然，是一个表示状态的动词，其用法和系动词“be”相似，后面所接成分一般是名词或形容词，作表语。leave是“留下，留给”的意思，是及物动词。leave sth.to sb：把某物留给某人。所以应把remain改成leave。10. informing - informed本题中one指的是人，one与inform之间是被动关系，informed作的是宾语补足语。Keep + sth /sb + a / v-ing / v-ed，宾语补足语是用现在分词还是过去分词取决于它与sth / sb之间是被动还是主动关系。The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terroristWith a gun, than the man with the portable computer in business class. 1._In the last 15 years, pilots report well over 100 incidents tha could 2. _have been caused by electromagnetic interference. The source of thisinterference remains confirmed, but increasingly, experts are pointing the 3._blame at portable electronic devices such as portable computers, radio and 4. _cassette players and mobile telephones.RTCA, an organization advertises the aviation industry, has 5. _recommended that the airline bans such devices from 6._used during “critical” stages of lignt, particularly take-off and landing. 7._Some experts have gone further, calling for a total ban during all flights.Currently, rules on using these devices are left up to individual airlines.And although some airlines prohibit passengers from using such equipmentduring take-off and landing, most are willing to enforce a total ban, given 8. _that many pasengers want to work during flights.The difficulty is predicting how electromagnetic fields may affect an aircrafts computers. Experts know that portable devices emit radiationwhich affect those wavelength which craft use for navigation and 9._communication. But , because they have not been able to reproduce these effects in a laboratory, they have no way of knowing whether the interference might be danger or not. 10._1. than - but此处为固定句式notbut，此句大意为“最大的飞行隐患不是持枪的恐怖分子，而是商务舱中携带手提电脑的人。”2. report- reported该句子的时间状语是In the last 15 years表明其基本时态是一般过去时。3. confirmed - unconfirmed根据上下文，电脑对飞机影响的原因还不大清楚，故使用unconfirmed。4. radio - radios5. organization后加which本句主语是RTCA，谓语是has recommended，中间的an organization advertises the aviation industry是RTCA的同位语，所以advertises the aviation industry应该是做定语修饰organization。故在organization后加which。6. bans - banrecommend后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，形式为(should) + v，should可省略。7. used前加beingFrom是介词，后面不能直接使用过去分词used，如果要表示相同的意思，要是用动名词形式才行。又因为devices与use之间是被动关系，所以应该加上being。8. willing - unwilling / reluctant或在willing前加not此句的正确意思是：尽管一些航空公司禁止乘客在飞机起飞和着陆时使用那些电子产品，但由于许多乘客很想在飞行时继续办公，所以很多航空公司也不愿意彻底实施禁令。9. affect - affects定语从句先行词radiation是单数，从句的谓语动词也要用单数。10. danger - dangerousThomas Malthus published his Essay on the Principleof Population almost 200 years ago. Ever since then,forecasters have being warning that worldwide famine was _1_just around the next corner. The fast-growing populationsdemand for food, they warned, would soon exceed their _2_supply, leading to widespread food shortages and starvation.But in reality, the worlds total grain harvest has risensteadily over the years. Except for relative isolated trouble _3_spots like present-day Somalia, and occasional years ofgood harvests, the worlds food crisis has remained just _4_around the corner. Most experts believe this can continueeven as if the population doubles by the mid-21st century, _5_although feeding 10 billion people will not be easy forpolitics, economic and environmental reasons. Optimists _6_point to concrete examples of continued improvementsin yield. In Africa, by instance, improved seed, more _7_fertilizer and advanced growing practices have more thandouble corn and wheat yields in an experiment. Elsewhere, _8_rice experts in the Philippines are producing a plant with few _9_stems and more seeds. There is no guarantee that plantbreeders can continue to develop new, higher-yieldingcrop, but most researchers see their success to date as reason _10_for hope.1. being - been2. their - its此处物主代词指food，所以要用单数形式的所有格its。3. relative - relatively修饰形容词（此处是过去分词形式）要用副词，所以要把relative改为relatively。4. good - bad / poor从逻辑上说，应该是收成不好（bad / poor harvest）是带来粮食危机（food crisis） 的原因之一，所以应该把good改为poor或者bad。5. as - /此处是表示“即使”的意思，所以应该去掉as，即even if。6. politics - politicalPolitics是名词，修饰名词reasons要用形容词.7. by - forfor instance“例如”是固定搭配。8. double - doubledhave (more than) doubled 9. few - fewerAnd连接两个对称结构，此处均比较级：fewer stems and more seeds。10. crop - cropscrop意为“庄稼，作物”时是可数名词，要用复数形式。1By a similar way, psychologists use human behavior as _1_a clue to the workings of the mind.2But we must keep in head the billions of dollars we might _2_spend in carrying out the project.3Voluntary action by landowners, by cooperation with _3_the park and the country, is helping to restrict small-lotsubdivisions, maintain wildlife corridors, and minimize any harmful impact in the environment. _4_.4Regardless concerns over the selection process, however, _5_it seems that the prize will continue to survive both as an indicator of the literature that we most highly praise, or _6_as an elusive goal the writers seek.5Teachers in schools tend to present science as a collection offacts, often by more detail than necessary. As a result, _7_ .children memorize processe