2016春基口强化班讲义.doc

基础口译项目部基础口译考前强化班讲义2016年春季32016年4月基础口译考试复习大纲 基础听力教程每单元的section 2，至少做两遍。（非常重要，务必完成） spot dictation 为最有潜力题型，考前可做预测试卷来提高。 做段落口译注意以下事项：A. 在做口译之前先把译文粗看一遍，找出难词，查字典，并标注意思，熟读B. 做口译时，一定要通过先听，后口译的方式。切忌看着书翻译。C. 做完口译后，听录音，和参考答案进行对比，更正错误的地方。D. 背诵原文中出现的难词。（每个单元都要按照这4个步骤走，方能起到练习的作用） 每个单元后都有useful sentences，这些句子务必要背诵。PS.基础任务为每位同学都需完成，提高任务为想要冲高分同学需完成。Phase 1l 基础任务： 听力讲义Lecture 1-4 单词复习巩固（背诵，默写，订正） 听力教程Unit 1-7 Section 2部分“补漏”（还没有做过的题目做一遍，对答案订正） 听力教程Unit 1-7 句子和段落听译（全部再做一遍） 口语教程“补漏”（还未读过的补充阅读及Free Talk） 口译教程Unit 1,2,3,4 Useful sentences and expressions（背诵、听译） 口译任务：n unit 1: 英译中：passage 2,中译英：第一段n unit 2: 英译中：passage 1,passage 2,passage 3,中译英：第一段第一句话+第二段第一句n unit 3: 英译中：passage 2, passage 3,中译英：第一段，第二段(去除远排在艾滋病、结核病。等疾病之前），第三段最后一句。n unit 4: 英译中：passage 3,中译英：第一段+最后两段l 提高任务： 预测试卷-第一套 预测试卷-第二套Phase 2 l 基础部分： 听力讲义Lecture 5-9单词复习巩固（背诵，默写，订正） 听力教程Unit 8-15 Section 2部分“补漏”（还没有做过的题目做一遍，对答案订正） 听力教程Unit 8-15 句子和段落听译（全部再做一遍） 口语教程“补漏”（还未读过的补充阅读及Free Talk） 口译教程Unit 5,7,8,9 Useful sentences and expressions（背诵、听译） 口译任务：n unit 5: 英译中：passage 1,2,3,中译英：第一段+第二段第一句+最后一段n unit 6: 英译中：passage 2第二、三段,passage 3,中译英：第一段n unit 7: 英译中：passage 2最后一段,passage 3,中译英：第三段+第四段n unit 8: 英译中：passage 3,中译英：第二段+第三段的第一句话+第四段的第一句话l 提高任务： 预测试卷-第三套 预测试卷-第四套Phase 3 l 基础部分： 口译讲义Lecture 1-5单词复习巩固（背诵，默写，订正） 口语教程“补漏”（还未读过的补充阅读及Free Talk） 口译教程Unit 10,11,12,13,15 Useful sentences and expressions（背诵、听译） 口译任务：n unit 9: 英译中：passage 3,中译英：第一段+第二段的前两句话+第三段n unit 10: 英译中：passage 1,中译英：第一段+第二段前三句话+第三段前两句话+第三段最后一句话n unit 11: 英译中：passage 2,中译英：第一段+第二段最后一句话+第三段n unit 12: 英译中：passage 1,2,中译英：前三段+最后一段第一句话+最后一段最后一句l 提高任务： 预测试卷-第五套 预测试卷-第六套Phase 4 l 基础部分： 口译讲义Lecture 6-9单词复习巩固（背诵，默写，订正） 口语教程“补漏”（还未读过的补充阅读及Free Talk） 口译任务：n unit 13: 英译中：passage 3，中译英：前两段+第三段第一句话+第四段第一句话+第五段n unit 14: 英译中：passage 1, passage 2第一段，中译英：第一段最后两句话+第二段最后一句话+第三段第一句话+最后两段n unit 15: 英译中：passage 2,3，中译英：第一段第一句话+第二段第一句话和最后一句话n unit 16: 中译英：第一段l 提高任务： 预测试卷-第七套 预测试卷-第八套注意力训练基口考试中，不论是听力还是口语口译，都需要我们长时间集中注意力。训练方法：用手指按125的顺序依次指出其位置，同时诵读出声，所用时间越短，注意力水平越高。成年人最快可达8秒，25秒是中等水平。425177141962210201519311521131623248182122315712211641061322919251820213171151482415236202519912214116242131851041181771322131171062232515122392217518141924168420112216111924131514941023182122137202561581725143192211624135217184159171218223101620基础口译必备词汇听力100词序号单词/词组词性释义1successfuladj.成功的2permanentadj.永久的3effectiveadj.有效果的4technologyn.技术5announcev.宣布6urbanizationn.城市化7flightn.航班8promotionn.促销，升职9remainv.保持，仍然10researchern.研究者11neighborhoodn.附近，社区12worldwideadj.全世界范围的13injuredadj.受伤的14punishmentn.惩罚15unemploymentn.失业16crimen.犯罪17lackn.& v.缺少18conveniencen.方便，便利19confidencen.信心20variousadj.许多的21boostv.推动22investv.投资23participatev.参加24encouragev.鼓励25threatn.威胁26investmentn.投资27povertyn.贫困28violentadj.暴力的，激烈的29remarkableadj.非凡的30globaladj.全球的31balancen.平衡32considerv.认为，考虑33governmentn.政府34surroundingn.周围环境35atmospheren.气氛36innocent (反：guilty)adj.无辜的（反：有罪的）37impressiveadj.令人印象深刻的38decreasev.减低39primarilyadv.主要的，基本的40consumev.消费41speciesn.物种42reflectv.反映，反射43surpassv.超过44extensivea.广泛的45economistn.经济学家46identifyv.识别47profitablea.赚钱的，有益的48tendencyn.趋势49cooperatev.合作50industryn.工业51agriculturen.农业52independentadj.独立的53short-handedadj人手不足的54recommendationn.推荐55on the contrary恰恰相反56due to由于57natural resource自然资源58up to高达59urban areas城市地区60global population全球人口61single parent单亲62online shopping网上购物63container port集装箱港口64mental and physical disease心理和生理疾病65if only只要66modes of transportation交通方式67generation gap代沟68or else否则69compete for为而竞争70medical care/treatment医疗71take off起飞72be divided into被分成73the aging of population人口老龄化74market share市场份额75.cultural differences文化差异76be responsible for对.负责/承担责任77get used to习惯于78a wide variety of 多种多样的79social stability社会稳定80appeal to吸引81be oblige to应该82Internet technology网络技术83be likely to有可能.84modern society现代社会85source of income收入来源86account for解释的原因，占.比例87the morethe less likely越多.越不可能88under no circumstances绝不89be of importance重要的90education funding教育经费91public transportation system公共交通系统92the Thames泰晤士河93reduce the risk降低风险94acquire knowledge获得知识95optimistic outlook乐观态度96drop a line写信97physical activity体育运动98be sensitive to对敏感99rapid industrialization快速工业化100be crazy about着迷于6PART A Spot Dictation 分值：30分保底分值：20分复习内容：基础口译听力教程全部Spot Dictation ,共计15篇Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY TWICE. In New York City public schools, 176 different languages（1） are spoken among the more than 1 million students（2）.For 160,000 children, English is not their first language. New Yorks Department of Education makes learning better for these students by providing（3） dual-language programs.Students are taught in two languages, English and another one, like Russian or Chinese. Math, social studies（4）, science and all other regular courses（5） are taught in both languages. And they learn about the culture of the other country. Milady Baez is Deputy Chancellor of English Language Learners and Student Support. She says these dual-language programs will help children succeed in the future（6）.The jobs of the future require（7） that our students know more than one language. They are going to be traveling abroad, they are going to be communicating with people（8） from all over the world. This will open doors for them. David A. Booty Middle School in Brooklyn offers dual language education（9） in four languages: Russian, Mandarin, Spanish and Hebrew.Shuya Zhang teaches a dual language class. She says the program helps children get ready to work with people in other countries. Look at now-a-days, America started economic relationships（10） with China. Lots of factories have been built, companies moved to China. They need people with the skills with both language skills（11）so the kids when they are grown up（12）, they already have this skill. Middle-schoolers might not have jobs on their minds yet. For Kequing Jaing, she likes keeping up her first language, Mandarin.It makes me, like, feel that I am home because I can speak in Chinese, learn in Chinese, while learning in English. So it makes me feel better and makes me understand more about the task Im learning. Anastasia Hudikova came to the United States when she was 2 years old. She says the Russian-English program keeps her connected to her heritage（13） and her parents happy.Theyre really happy about the program that it exists. They are really happy that I can preserve my culture（14） and my language, that I can speak it fluently in school. The New York schools also offer dual-language programs in seven other languages: Arabic, French, Haitian Creole, Hebrew, Korean, Polish and Spanish. There are plans to add even more languages in the future. While these dual-language programs are popular（15）, some groups in the U.S. say teaching English comes first. U.S. English wants to make English the official language（16） of the United States. We have no problem with folks speaking multiple（17） languages . if people want to speak a different language at home, says Todd DuBois with U.S. English. What we do think is schools should prioritize（18） English.He says studies show that children who learn English early will be more successful（19） later. And, he says, focusing on（20） English in the classroom will help the students learn the language faster.Spot Dictation除了考察考生词汇量、速记能力，更是对英语基本功底的考核。这部分占了整个听力部分的30%，是考生抓分的关键题型，那有哪些值得且必须掌握的解题技巧呢？空格类型（1）：乍听之下不认识，文中有提示。如空(9)。 解题思路：听到生词或是长难词，一下子反应不出的，先根据发音规则记录，若在文中听到相同或发音相近词，务必做好标记。空格类型（2）：所填词不难，易发生语法错误，造成失分。如空(1)(2)(5)(10)(11)(12)。 解题思路：这类空格主要考察考生基本语法规范，如空(12)的过去分词、空(10)的过去式、空(1)(2)(5)(11)名词复数等等，在实考中，所有空格填完后务必在复查时重点检查该类错误。空格类型（3）：高频词组，如空(8) communicate with sb. _与.交流_；空(20)focus on _专注，集中于_ 解题思路：考前重点复习基口常考高频词汇及句型。空格类型（4）：同音词辨析，如空(17)，folk VS fork 解题思路：常识及上下文判断。空格类型（5）：数字题，如空(2)。 解题思路：数字题一直令考生望而生畏，除了平日要多磨耳朵，提高对数字的敏感度，在考试中我们采用听到什么记什么，尤其是比较大的数字。而billion，million这样的单词用b/m作为速记符号，最后再转化为合适的表达。答案：1. 176 different languages【解析】注意先记录下数字，后面的different language应该很容易听出来2. 1 million students【解析】听到million、billion用m/b来记录3. providing【解析】难度不大，注意拼写，provide v. 提供4. social studies 【解析】s社会学5. regular courses【解析】regular course 常规课程6. in the future【解析】难度不大，可以写对7. require【解析】require v. 要求8. communicating with people【解析】固定词组 communicate with sb. 与某人交流，注意communicate中有两个字母m9. dual language education【解析】dual 不会拼写的可以在上下文找，dual language education 双语教学10. started economic relationships【解析】start 在这里可以表示“建立”，start economic relationships 建立了经济关系11. language skills【解析】language skill 语言技能12. grown up【解析】注意拼写，难度不大13. her heritage【解析】heritage 忘记的同学按发音拼写应该可以解决，此处可以理解为：（文化）遗产14. preserve my culture【解析】保留我的文化15. popular【解析】popular adj. 流行的16. official language 【解析】official language 官方语言17. folks speaking multiple【解析】folks 人们 multiple adj. 多重的，多种多样的18. prioritize【解析】prioritize v. 优先考虑19. more successful【解析】 注意形容词比较级20. focusing on【解析】focus on 专注，集中于PART B Listening Comprehension分值：2*10+2*10=40保底分值：14+14=28复习内容：听力教程15个单元 20*15=300I. StatementsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 10 short statements. These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written in the paper, so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.考察类型（1）：虚拟语气原文： I would have seen George if he had attended the meeting.1) A. George didnt attend the meeting. B. I didnt know whether George would come to the meeting or not. C. George attended the meeting but I didnt see him. D. George didnt tell me he would attend the meeting.【解析】虚拟语气，和事实相反，George来参加会议我会看到他，实际他没参加。原文：If I were you, I wouldnt go to Australia.2) A. How I wish I were you ! B. I wish to go to Australia with you. C. I dont think its a good idea for you to go to Australia D. If I had a chance, I would go to Australia.【解析】if引导的虚拟语气，若我是你，我不会去澳大利亚。原文：If Sally had checked the doors and windows carefully, the burglar wouldnt have broken into his house.3) A. Sandy checked the house carefully, so no one broke in. B. Some of the doors and windows were broken, but Sandy didnt check them. C. Sandys house was broken in because of his carelessness. D. Sandy shouldnt be blamed for that.【解析】if引导的虚拟语气，和事实相反，Sandy没有仔细检查门窗，实际家里被盗了。考察类型（2）：同义置换原文：He mustve forgotten his promise.1) A. He must keep his promise. B. He shouldnt forget his promise. C. Im sure he has forget his promise. D. He never forgets his promises.【解析】must have done对过去动作有把握的推测,与be sure 表示一定同义。原文：Da Vinci was one of the greatest, if not the greatest, artists of the modern time.2) A. Da Vinci was not one of the greatest artists. B. Da Vinci was the founder of modern art. C. Da Vinci was surely one of the leaders in the field of art. D. one of the greatest最伟大的，与答句中surely同义一定是。.【解析】。原文：Fiona thought the concert was a success, but Fanny thought the contrary.3) A. Both Fiona and Fanny disliked the concert. B. Fanny liked the concert more than Fiona did. C. Fiona and Fanny had different opinions. D. Fiona didnt think that she enjoyed the concert.【解析】Fiona觉得音乐会成功a success, Fanny的观点相反the contrary，说明两人观点不同。考察类型（3）：倒装句原文：Under no circumstances should you have an argument with him again.1) A. You have to argue with him again. B. You definitely shouldnt quarrel with him again. C. You can argue with him only under special circumstances. D. Of course, those circumstances will never happen.【解析】Under no circumstances放句首句子倒装，意思是无论在何种情况下你都不应该与他争吵。原文：No sooner had Sue got into the pub than it started to rain.2) A. After it began to rain, she went into the pub. B. It was too late for her to go into the pub. C. The rain began to pour down right after she went into the pub. D. She didnt go to the pub because it started to rain.【解析】no sooner than句子倒装，Sue已进入酒吧，就开始下雨。原文：In no case should you smoke in the library.3) A. You can somke in the library in any case. B. You definitely shouldnt smoke in the library. C. In that case, you cant smoke in the library. D. High school students are not allowed to smoke.【解析】你不能在图书馆吸烟。考察类型（4）：双重否定原文：There is no reason to do a foolish thing like that.1) A. There are plenty of reasons to do the thing. B. That would be a stupid thing to do. C. You are so foolish that you always do something stupid. D. Its foolish to look for some reason to do things.【解析】没有理由去做一件那么愚蠢的事。原文：Dont enter the Chief Executive Officer unless you are invited.2) A. You can get into the Chief Executive Officers office whenever you wish. B. Enter the Chief Executive Officers office only if he invited you. C. If you are not invited into the Chief Executive Officers office, you can come to my office. D. Never get into the Chief Executive Officers office.【解析】unless除非原文：There is nobody in the army who doesnt know George.3) A. Very few people know George. B. Almost everybody knows George. C. George knows very little about the army. D. George knows almost everybody in the army.【解析】军队里没有人不认识乔治，双重否定即肯定。考察类型（5）：比较级（包括nothing + 比较级 ；同级比较）原文：Tim isnt as good as a dancer as Mike.1) A. Mike is a better dancer. B. Tim is a better dancer. C. Both Tim and Mike are good at dancing. D. Tim spends much less time dancing.【解析】asas同级比较； not asas不如，Tim跳舞不如Mike。原文：The apartment costs two times as much as it did last year.2) A. The apartment was much more expensive last year. B. The apartment was half the price last year. C. I bought and sold the apartment twice last year. D. Your apartment costs twice as much as mine.【解析】two times as much as it did last year是去年的两倍，说明去年是一半的价格。原文：The light is brighter than it needs to be.3) A. It neednt be so bright. B. It is not bright enough. C. It doesnt matter whether the light is bright or not. D. We need the light to be bright. 【解析】brighter than it needs to be比要的亮度还亮。考察类型（6）：notuntil的用法原文：The visiting president wont arrive in Paris until Friday.1) A. The president wont visit Paris this time. B. The president will be here before Friday. C. The president will arrive in Paris on Friday.D. The president will stay here for 5 days.【解析】not arrive until Friday 说明president会在周五到达巴黎.原文：We dont expect Carol home until 5 a.m.2) A. Carol should have been home before 5 a.m. B. We want to arrive at Carols home by 5 oclock. C. Carol will come back home before 5 a.m. this time. D. Well be surprised if Carol is home before five oclock. 【解析】dont expect until 5 a.m.不难看出她要到5点才到家.原文：It was not until he had left his wife that he realized how much he needed her.3) A. He thought that he wouldnt need his wife any more. B. He never needed his wife more. C. He left his hometown together with his wife. D. He didnt leave until his wife reminded him. 【解析】not until直到才，直到他离开妻子，才知道多么需要她。考察类型（7）：used to do / be used to 的用法used to do sth. : 过去常常做某事（现在不做了）be used to doing sth. / be used to sth. : 习惯于（做）某事 = be accustomed to doing sth. 原文：Jeff used to come to school on time.1) A. Jeff always comes to school on time. B. Jeff is used to coming to school on time. C. Jeff doesnt come to school on time now. D. Jeff didnt come to school on time in the past through he does so now.【解析】说明Jeff 过去常常准时到学校，现在不是。原文：Monica is used to Italian food by now.2) A. Monica now prefers Italian food. B. Monica no longer eats Italian food. C. Monica is buying more food than she can use. D. Monica is accustomed to Italian food.【解析】be used to 习惯于，莫妮卡已经习惯意大利菜了。考察类型（8）：固定表达原文：To my surprise , this carrot for the salad tastes bitter.1) A. This carrot tastes like butter. B. I prefer the salad to this carrot. C. This carrot doesnt taste good. D. Please taste this salad. Its great. 【解析】to ones surprise 另某人吃惊，tastes bitter吃起来苦涩，说明味道不好。原文：Bettys watch says ten to eight, and my watch says five to eight, but the clock in the classroom says five past eight.2) A. Its around 5 oclock. B. Its around 8 oclock . C. It around 8:05. D. Its around 10 oclock. 【解析】ten to eight,。过10分到8点，7:50.; five to eight 7:55分； five past eight 8:05分，请考生注意时间的表达。都是