自然拼读全册

自然拼读课程,Phonics,Phonics自然发音法是一套用自然记忆的方式，建立字母与发音的直觉音感。不用借助音标，看着字母就可以直接读出该词的发音，解决单词不会读，无法拼的问题。简单说：“自然拼读法”是教学生如何看词读音或是听音拼词的方法。,为什么要学习自然拼读法？,美国斯坦佛大学曾经以计算机分析字母与音位的对应关系，结果发现17,008个常用词中84%的字母与其读音是完全对应的13%的字母与其读音是不完全对应的3%的字母与其读音的对应关系完全无法预测,自然拼读法可以帮助学生,见词能读听词能写不容易遗忘提高阅读和写作能力,一、同形不同音的字母及音标,b,/b/,bookbigbagbox,/d/,d,deskdolldogdad,f,/f/,finefriendflyfootfan,h,/h/,hathehousehand,j,/d/,jeepjamjacketjar,k,/k/,kitecakeblackthank,l,/l/,legleftrulerflaglamp,/l/,applebowltellold,m,/m/,ammapmymouth,n,/n/,noknownewhand,p,/p/,mapjeeppigpea,qu,/kw/,quitequiltquick,同形不同音的字母及音标,r,/r/,redradiobrotherracket,/t/,t,itsitnotthattablelittle,v,/v/,fivevaseveryseven,w,/w/,wewindowwatchwant,x,/ks/,boxsixfox,z,/z/,zipzoo,同形不同音的字母及音标,Vowel,二、开音节与闭音节,1）音节按读音可以分为开音节和闭音节,开音节又可以分为绝对开音节和相对开音节,A.绝对开音节：是指一个元音音素后面没有辅音音素而构成的音节,例如：we,hi,yo-yo,hi,no,be等,B.相对开音节：是指一个元音音素后面有一个辅音音素(除r)之外，最后是一个不发音的e字母构成的音节，,例如:take,make,闭音节：指元音字母后面有辅音字母(辅音字母r除外)构成的音节,闭音节,元音字母a,e,i(y),o,u在重读闭音节中分别读/e/i/,如hand,help,lip,gym,hot,club.,II.MagicE,AATATEBEBEDBEDEHIHIDHIDENONOTNOTEUUSUSE,a-e,MagicE(神奇的E),caketakelakemakefacenamepage,e-e,thesethemeeveevening,o-e,nosecokeroseropehopepose,i-e,timefiveninewhitewritelikelimeride,u-e,cutecubehugetubeuse,ai,ay读/ei/,如wait,aid；day,may.,ei,ey读/ei/,如veil,weight；grey,they,convey,oa,oe读/u/,如load,coat,toe,三、元音间的字母组合发音,ue,ui读/u:/,如glue,suit,blue,fruit,ea,ee读/i:/,如eat,cheap；deep,need,ie,(c)ei读/i:/,如field,believe；receive,ceiling,oa读/u/,如road,soap,boat,ue读/ju:/,如Tuesday,value,pursue,元音间的字母组合发音,四、r音节指以字母r或r+辅音字母结尾的音节,在r音节中：ar读/:/,or读/:/er,ir,yr,ur都读/:/,注：在/w/音后，ar读/:/,如war,warm,warn；or读/:/,如word,work,world,worse.,元音字母与raerial,aeroplane,4.ear,eer读/i/如ear,clear；beer,deer,5.our读/au/如our,sour,hour,6.igh读/ai/,如high,light,might,night,7.augh,ough读/:/,如daughter,caught,taught；ought,fought,thought,8.oul在could,should,would中读/u/,元音字母组合的读音规则,九、几个非重读后缀或字母组合的读音规则,1.a在后缀-ace，-ade，-age，-ate中读/i/，如palace,comrade,village,accurate,2.e在后缀-el,-en,-ent,-ence,-ency中读/,如cruel,open,student,silence,fluency,3.i在后缀-ible中读/,如possible,4.ai,ay,ei,ey在非重读音节中一般弱读为/i/,如mountain,Friday,forfeit,valley,十、其他字母组合的读音规则,1.-ful读/ful/,如helpful,harmful,useful,2.-gue读/g/,如dialogue,catalogue,3.-que读/k/,如cheque,picturesque,4.-ous读/s/,如famous,generous,nervous,5.-our读/,如favour,honour,labour,6.-ure读/,如figure,injure.但在failure中读/j/,7.-ow读/u/,如window,yellow,pillow,8.-ture读/,如picture,culture,furniture,9.-ion读/n/,如fashion,cushion,10.-stion读/sn/,如question,sugestion,digestion,11.-i在字母d,t,n,l后，且在元音字母前，读/j/。如audience,frontier,opinion,familar,其他字母组合的读音规则,十一、其他读音规则,oo,1.读/u/,A.在字母k前（book,look,took）,B.在good,foot,stood,wood,wool中,C.在派生词goodness,football,woolen中,2.读/u:/在其余情况下读/u:/,如:cool,food,loose,room,zoo,3.读/在flood，blood及其派生词（flooding,bloodless等）中读/,1.-sure,在元音字母后读/,如closure,exposure,在辅音字母后读/，如pressure,flexure(x=ks),2.-sion,在元音字母后读/n/，如vsion,occasion,divsion,在辅音字母后读/n/，如discussion,impression,expansion,3.-ce,-ci,-si,-ti,-xi在字母a,e,o前读/,如：ocean；social；Asia；partial；Egyptian；suffcient；patient；prcious；Russian；anxious,其他读音规则,十二、其他组合,kn:knitknobkneeknifeknock,wr:writewristwrinklewrapwreath,mb:bombthumblambnumbcombcrumb,sp:spellspiderspinachspaceshipspoon,st:storestarstormstampstockingsstickstudentstand,sc:scalescarfscarecrowscooterscorpionscoopscanner,sk:skirtskunkskisskates,VII.ConsonantBlends:,BeginningS-family(st,sk,sp,)R-family(gr,br,dr,cr,pr,tr,wr)L-family(fl,bl,cl,kl,pl,sl)EndingN-family(nt,nd,nk)Others(mp,st)Threeletters(scr,spl,str,spr),VII.ConsonantBlends:,st:studentstonestopsp:speakspacespoonsc:scaryscarfscarsk:skyskirtskate,S-family(st,sk,sp,),VII.ConsonantBlends:,bl:blockblondhairblousepl:plumplateplanegl:glueglassesglovecl:clayclassclonefl:flydragonflybutterfly,L-family(fl,bl,cl,kl,pl,sl),VII.ConsonantBlends:,br:brownbroombrickpr:prayprinceprincessgr:grapegreygrincr:crycrazycrown,R-family(gr,br,dr,cr,pr,tr,wr),VII.ConsonantBlends:,fr:Fridayfriendfruittr:treetracktripdr:driverdreamdraw,VII.ConsonantBlends:,sl:slidslideslowsn:snakesnapsnailsm:smokesmoothsmilesw:swansweaterswitch,VIII.ConsonantDigraphs:,ch:cherrywatchbeachck:duckclockblockssh:sheetshipsheep,VIII.ConsonantDigraphs:,gh:laughcoughtoughph:trophyphotoelephantth:thinkthreethank,VIII.ConsonantDigraphs:,th:leatherweathertogetherwh:whalewhitewheelwr:wrinklewritewreath,VIIII.Others:,ing:kingringswingew:newdewnephewall:wallballtallal:saltwalktalk,Tonguetwisters（绕口令