Unit-5-Ways-to-Success课文翻译大学体验英语二.doc

Unit 5 Ways to SuccessPassage A My Advice to Students: Education Counts Hundreds of students send me e-mail each year asking for advice about education. They want to know what to study, or whether its okay to drop out of college since thats what I did. A smaller number of parents send messages, seeking guidance for their son or daughter. How can we steer our child toward success? they ask. My basic advice is simple and heartfelt: Get the best education you can. Take advantage of high school and college. Learn how to learn. Its true that I dropped out of college to start Microsoft, but I was at Harvard for three years before dropping out-and Id love to have the time to go back. As Ive said before, nobody should drop out of college unless they believe they face the opportunity of a lifetime. And even then they should reconsider. Kathy Cridland, a sixth-grade teacher in Ohio, wrote to say, Several of my students claim that you never finished high school. Since you are a success, my students perceive that as a reason not to care much about getting a good education. I finished high school! The computer industry has lots of people who didnt finish college, but Im not aware of any success stories that began with somebody dropping out of high school. I actually dont know any high school dropouts, let alone any successful ones. In my companys early years we had a bright part-time programmer who threatened to drop out of high school to work full-time. We told him no. Quite a few of our people didnt finish college, but we discourage dropping out. Having a diploma certainly helps somebody who is looking to us for a job. College isnt the only place where information exists. You can learn in a library. But somebody handing you a book doesnt automatically foster learning. You want to learn with other people, ask questions, try out ideas and have a way to test your ability. It usually takes more than just a book. Education should be broad, although its fine to have deep interests, too. In high school there were periods when I was highly focused on writing software, but for most of my high school years I had wide-ranging academic interests. My parents encouraged this, and Im grateful that they did. Although I attended a lot of different kinds of classes in college, I signed up for only one computer class the whole time. I read about all kinds of things. One parent wrote me that her 15-year-old son lost himself in the hole of the computer. He got an A in website design, but other grades were sinking, she said. This boy is making a mistake. High school and college offer you the best chance to learn broadly - math, history, various sciences - and to do projects with other kids that teach you first-hand about group dynamics. Its fine to take a deep interest in computers, dance, language or any other discipline, but not if it jeopardizes breadth. If you fall into an obsessive pattern in high school, youve got two problems. One is that youre unlikely to change when you go to college. The other is that if you dont get reasonably good grades, its hard to go to a college that has the highly motivated, capable students who can really help you learn about the world. In college its appropriate to think about specialization. Getting real expertise in an area of interest can lead to success unless the specialty ends up being a dead end or youre not good at. Graduate school is one way to get specialized knowledge, although extended college education isnt always a good investment from a purely economic standpoint. PA 奉告学子：教育是关键比尔盖茨每年都有数以百计的学生给我发电子邮件，要我就接受教育给他们提建议。他们想知道该学些什么，或者可不可以从大学辍学，因为我就没有读完大学。也有不少家长给我写信，为子女寻求指导。他们问：“我们怎样才能把孩子引向成功之路？”我的基本忠告很简单，而且是发自内心的：全力获得最佳教育，充分利用高中和大学，学会如何学习。不错，为创建微软，我未完成大学学业，不过辍学之前我已经在哈佛呆了三年，而且我真心希望有一天能重返校园。以前我也说过，谁也不应该辍学，除非他坚信自己正面临着一个一生仅有一次的机会，但就算在那个时候也还是应该深思熟虑。在俄亥俄州教六年级的老师凯西克里德兰写道，“我的好几个学生声称你根本没有读完高中。因为你成功了，我的学生就觉得他们也可以不必要接受良好的教育。”我高中毕业了的!计算机行业中确实有很多人没有读完大学，但是我从来没有见过有谁高中没读完就成功创业的。确切地说，我认识的人当中根本没有高中辍学的，更没有高中辍学后事业成功的。 我的公司创立早期，有一个相当出色的兼职程序员，声称要从高中辍学来做全职。我们叫他不要这么做。 我们公司里确实有好些人没有读完大学，但我们不希望人们辍学。谁要想在我们公司谋职，有毕业证书肯定会优先考虑。 不一定只有在大学才能获取信息，在图书馆也可以学习。但人家递给你一本书并不能自动地让你学到东西。你需要向别人学习，提问题，将设想付诸实施，设法验证自己的能力。这一切，往往不是读一两本书就可以做得到的。接受的教育应该是广泛的，虽然对某些领域情有独钟也不失为一件好事。读高中时，我有一段时间醉心于软件编写，但大部分时间里，我的学习兴趣相当广泛。我父母鼓励我这么做，对此我感激不尽。 大学期间，我修了很多不同的课程，但我从头至尾只选修了一门计算机课。我读书涉猎很广。有位家长写信说，她15岁的儿子“钻进计算机无底洞里了”。他的网站设计课得了“A”，但别的科目分数都在下降，她写道。这个孩子犯了一个错误。高中和大学给你提供了最佳机会，你可以广泛学习数学，历史，各种学科有机会跟着别的孩子一起做项目，亲身感受到群体的动力。你对计算机、舞蹈、语言或其他任何的科目有深入的兴趣也无可厚非，但太偏执而舍弃学习广度就不是一件好事了。如果高中阶段兴趣过于集中，你会面临两个问题。第一个就是进了大学以后你很可能没法改变。另一个问题就是如果分数不够高，你就很难考入大学，而无法向那些积极性很高，很有才能的学生一起学习，他们可以真正帮助你了解这个世界。大学期间可以适当考虑专业的问题。深入掌握自己感兴趣的领域的专业知识，能够引导你走向成功，除非这个专业没有发展前途，或者你并不很擅长这个方面。读研究生是获取专业知识的一个途径，虽然从纯经济角度来看，大学毕业后再接受教育不一定算是明智的投资。 Passage B Christopher Reeve-A Real Superman He was faster than a speeding bullet, more powerful than a locomotive, able to leap tall buildings in a single bound. He was the worlds greatest superhero. When Christopher Reeve was picked to play this role in films in 1977, audiences across the country cheered with approval. Like Superman, Christopher was dashing, handsome, and strong. Like Superman, he seemed nearly invincible. He skied, sailed, flew planes, went scuba diving, rode horses, played tennis-and did it all with skill and ease. No one could imagine Christopher Reeve any other way. All that changed on May 27, 1995. Christopher was in Virginia with his wife, Dana Morosini, and their young son, Will. He had entered a three-day horse riding competition there. His horse, Eastern Express, appeared to be in fine shape. The 42-year-old Christopher looked equally fit and relaxed. The competition was going well for Christopher. He wasnt in the first place, but he wasnt in the last, either. On his third obstacle in a two-mile jumping event, however, the communication between horse and rider broke down somehow. Without warning, Eastern Express stopped short, but Christopher kept going. He pitched forward over the horses head, landing on his own head-not moving, not even breathing. Christopher had broken his spinal cord near the base of his skull, resulting in paralysis from the neck down. He could not speak. He could not even breathe on his own. At the time, doctors gave him only a 50-50 chance of surviving at all. Despair filled Christopher Reeves heart. He thought perhaps it would be best if he simply gave up. Dying seemed like the easiest and least painful thing to do. He thought it might be best for his family, too. Then he saw his wife Dana standing next to him, saying, Youre still you, and I love you. From that moment on, Christopher thought only about living. Gathering his courage, he began to fight for his life. A few days later, Christopher underwent an operation that helped restore some feeling to his upper body. Still, doctors emphasized his limitations. He would never walk again. He would never even breathe again without the aid of a respirator. Christopher set out to prove the doctors wrong. First of all, he wanted to breathe on his own. Five months after the accident, he asked to be taken off the respirator. He managed just 10 feeble breaths before being reconnected to the breathing tube. Refusing to be discouraged, Christopher took a few more breaths the next day. By the fourth day, he was able to breathe seven minutes without assistance. After three months, he could sustain himself for 90 minutes at a time. By the end of 1995, he was able to go home. Soon after that, Christopher felt ready to face the world again. He had a message to spread. He wanted to tell people that no matter what challenges they faced, they shouldnt give up. Christopher began to make public appearances. He gave a motivational speech in Toronto. He spoke at a Boston University graduation. Wherever Christopher appeared, his speeches met with standing ovations-and many teary faces. Christopher also went back to work. Clearly he couldnt play the roles hed played in the past. Instead he turned to directing. His first film, In the Gloaming, proved he had not lost his creative spark. Despite his brave attitude, Christopher has had his share of down times. In the year following his accident, he had problems with blood clots. Later, he developed pneumonia. One day while doing physical therapy, he fell to the floor and broke his arm. Every day he struggled with the reality of his condition. In the morning, I need 20 minutes to cry, he told a reporter. After nighttime dreams of running and playing with his son, he needed the 20 minutes to wake up and make that shift. But after the tears, Christopher always whispered, And now, forward! With those words, Christopher Reeve proved that although he had lost control of his body, he still had his courage, his spirit, and his inner strength. In that sense, he still was-and always would be-Superman! PB 克里斯托弗里夫 真正的超人他“比飞驰的子弹还快，比火车头更有力，轻轻一跃就能跳上高大的建筑物。”他就是全世界最伟大的超极英雄。1977年，克里斯托弗里夫出演超人系列电影，全国观众欢呼喝彩。克里斯托弗活跃、英俊、强壮，一如影片中的超人，而且似乎战无不胜。他滑雪，驾船，驾驶飞机，潜水，骑马，打网球，无一不是技艺高超，挥洒自如。谁也无法想象克里斯托弗会是另外一种样子。1995年5月27日，一切都改变了。当时克里斯托弗和妻子达纳莫罗西尼带着年幼的儿子威尔住在弗吉尼亚州。他参加了一项为期三天的马术比赛。他的坐骑“东