江苏专用2019高考英语二轮培优复习专题三阅读理解课件.ppt

江苏高考阅读理解近五年考情分布明细统计,总结近几年江苏高考阅读理解可知，选材上更注重体现现实生活。所选文章涉及话题广，蕴涵丰富的人文、科普知识，具有思想性、人文性、趣味性、实用性等特点和鲜明的时代特色。文章选材丰富多样，注重考查考生在不同的语言背景下灵活运用英语语言知识分析问题和解决问题的能力。设题方式仍以细节理解题和推理判断题为主，符合考试大纲要求，推理判断题的比重有所加大。总体来说，语篇的难易度呈现层次性，区分度较高，高分难得，有利于高考选拔。,A,TheMetropolitanMuseumofArt1000FifthAvenueNewYork,NY10028211-535-7710EntrancesFifthAvenueat82ndStreetHoursOpen7daysaweek.Sunday-Thursday10：00-17：30,$25.00remendedforadults,$12.00remendedforstudents，includestheMainBuildingandTheCloisters(回廊)onthesameday;freeforchildrenunder12withanadult.FreewithAdmissionAllspecialexhibitions,aswellasfilms,lectures,guidedtours，concerts，gallerytalks，andfamily/childrensprogramsarefreewithadmission.AskabouttodaysactivitiesattheGreatHallInformationDesk.,FridayandSaturday10：00-21：00ClosedThanksgivingDay,December25,January1,andthefirstMondayinMay.Admission,TheCloistersMuseumandGardensTheCloistersmuseumandgardensisabranchofTheMetropolitanMuseumofArtdevotedtotheartandarchitectureofEuropeintheMiddleAges.Theextensivecollectionconsistsofmasterworksinsculpture,coloredglass,andpreciousobjectsfromEuropedatingfromaboutthe9thtothe15thcentury.,Hours：Open7daysaweek.March-October10：00-17：15November-February10：00-16：45ClosedThanksgivingDay,December25,andJanuary1.,【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了纽约大都会艺术博物馆的参观须知。56.Howmuchmaytheypayifan11-year-oldgirlandherworkingparentsvisitthemuseum?,A.$12.B.$37.C.$50.D.$62.答案C细节理解题。根据题意并结合Admission部分中的“$25.00remendedforadults”“freeforchildrenunder12withanadult”可知，他们应付两个成年人的门票费用。故选C。,57.TheattractionoftheCloistersmuseumandgardensliesinthefactthat_.,A.itopensalltheyearroundB.itscollectionsdatefromtheMiddleAgesC.ithasamodernEuropean-stylegardenD.itsellsexcellentEuropeanglasscollections答案B细节理解题。根据TheCloistersMuseumandGardens部分的前两句可知它吸引人的地方在于它的收藏品可追溯到中世纪，故选B。,BInthe1760s,MathurinRozeopenedaseriesofshopsthatboasted(享有)aspecialmeatsoupcalledconsomm.Althoughthemainattractionwasthesoup,Rozeschainshopsalsosetanewstandardfordiningout,whichhelpedtoestablishRozeastheinventorofthemodernrestaurant.Today,scholarshavegeneratedlargeamountsofinstructiveresearchaboutrestaurants.Takevisualhintsthatinfluencewhatweeat:dinersservedthemselvesabout20percentmorepasta(意大利面食)whentheirplatesmatchedtheirfood.Whenadark-coloredcakewasservedonablackplateratherthanawhiteone,customersrecognizeditassweeterandmoretasty.,Lightingmatters,too.WhenBerlinrestaurantcustomersateindarkness,theycouldnttellhowmuchtheydhad:thosegivenextra-largesharesatemorethaneveryoneelse,butwerenone_the_wisertheydidntfeelfuller,andtheywerejustasreadyfordessert.Timeismoney,butthatprinciplemeansdifferentthingsfordifferenttypesofrestaurants.Unlikefast-foodplaces,finediningshopsprefercustomerstostaylongerandspend.Onewaytoencouragecustomerstostayandorderthatextraround:putonsomeMozart(莫扎特).Whenclassical,ratherthanpop,musicwasplaying,dinersspentmore.Fastmusichurrieddinersout.Particularscentsalsohaveaneffect:dinerswhogotthescentoflavender(薰衣草)stayedlongerandspentmorethanthosewhosmelledlemon,ornoscent.,大的,Meanwhile,thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending“bad”tables,crowding,highpricesdontnecessarily.Dinersatbadtablesnexttothekitchendoor,sayspentnearlyasmuchasothersbutsoonfled.Itcanbeconcludedthatrestaurantkeepersneednot“beoverlyconcernedaboutbadtables”，giventhattheyreprofitable.Asforcrowds,aHongKongstudyfoundthattheyincreasedarestaurantsreputation,suggestinggreatfoodatfairprices.Anddoublingabuffetspriceledcustomerstosaythatitspizzawas11percenttastier.【语篇解读】本文讲述了影响餐饮业效益的几个因素。,58.Theunderlinedphrase“nonethewiser”inparagraph3mostprobablyimpliesthatthecustomerswere_.,A.notawareofeatingmorethanusualB.notwillingtosharefoodwithothersC.notconsciousofthefoodqualityD.notfondofthefoodprovided答案A推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，在餐馆里的灯光昏暗的情况下，顾客判断不出自己吃了多少食物，即使吃多了也不会觉得饱，因为他们意识不到自己比平时吃得多。故答案为A。,59.Howcouldafinediningshopmakemoreprofit?,A.Playingclassicalmusic.B.Introducinglemonscent.C.Makingthelightbrighter.D.Usingplatesoflargersize.答案A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Onewaytoencouragecustomerstostayandorderthatextraround：putonsomeMozart.dinersspentmore”可知，要想让顾客在餐馆多停留、多消费，餐馆可以播放古典音乐，故A项符合题意。,60.Whatdoesthelastparagraphtalkabout?,A.Tipstoattractmorecustomers.B.Problemsrestaurantsarefacedwith.C.Waystoimproverestaurantsreputation.D.Commonmisunderstandingsaboutrestaurants.答案D段落大意题。根据最后一段的首句可知，人们认为的一些会阻止顾客消费的因素都不一定会是如此；下文围绕此进行了说明。故本题答案为D项。,CIfyouwanttodisturbthecarindustry,youdbetterhaveafewbilliondollars:Mom-and-popcarmakersareunlikelytobeatthebiggestcarpanies.Butinagriculture,smallfarmerscangetthebestofthemajorplayers.Byconnectingdirectlywithcustomers,andbyrespondingquicklytochangesinthemarketsaswellasintheecosystems(生态系统),smallfarmerscankeeponestepaheadofthebigguys.Astheco-founderoftheNationalYoungFarmersCoalition(NYFC，美国青年农会)andafamilyfarmermyself,Ihaveafront-rowseattotheinnovationsamongsmallfarmersthataretransformingtheindustry.,Forexample,taketheQuickCutGreensHarvester,atooldevelopedjustacoupleofyearsagobyayoungfarmer,JonathanDysinger,inTennessee,withasmallloanfromalocalSlowMoneygroup.Itenablessmall-scalefarmerstoharvest175poundsofgreenvegetablesperhourahugeimprovementoverharvestingjustafewdozenpoundsbyhandsuddenlymakingitpossibleforthelittleguystopetewithlargefarmsofCalifornia.Beforethetoolcameout,smallfarmerscouldnttouchthepriceperpoundofferedbyCaliforniafarms.Butnow,withthebinationofabetterpricepointandagenerallyfresherproduct,theycanstayinbusiness.,Thesustainablesuccessofsmallfarmers,though,wonthappenwithoutfundamentalchangestotheindustry.Onecrucialfactorissecureaccesstoland.Competitionfrominvestors,developers,andestablishedlargefarmersmakesowningonesownlandunattainableformanynewfarmers.From2004to2013,agriculturallandvaluesdoubled,andtheycontinuetoriseinmanyregions.Anotherchallengeformorethanamillionofthemostqualifiedfarmworkersandmanagersisanon-existentpathtocitizenshipthegreatestbarriertobuildingafarmoftheirown.Withfarmersovertheageof65outnumbering(多于)farmersyoungerthan35bysixtoone,andwithtwo-thirdsofthenationsfarmlandinneedofanewfarmer,wemustclearthepathfortalentedpeoplewillingtogrowthenationsfood.,Therearesolutionsthatcouldlightapathtowardamoresustainableandfairfarmeconomy,butfarmerscantclumsilyputthemtogetherbeforeus.WeattheNYFCneedbroadsupportasweurgeCongresstoincreasefarmlandconservation,aswepushforimmigrationreform,andasweseekpoliciesthatwillensurethesuccessofadiverseandambitiousnextgenerationoffarmersfromallbackgrounds.WithanewfarmbilltobedebatedinCongress,consumersmusttakeastandwithyoungfarmers.【语篇解读】本文呈现了美国小农场的特点及其目前发展面临的问题。,61.Theauthormentionscarindustry,atthebeginningofthepassagetointroduce_.,A.theprogressmadeincarindustryB.aspecialfeatureofagricultureC.atrendofdevelopmentinagricultureD.theimportanceofinvestingincarindustry答案B推理判断题。文章开头作者提到Mom-and-pop汽车制造商不可能打败最大的汽车公司，以此为例引出文章的主题，随后介绍了美国农业的特点，故选B。,62.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoillustratewiththeexampleinparagraph2?,A.Loanstosmalllocalfarmersarenecessary.B.Technologyisvitalforagriculturaldevelopment.C.Competitionbetweensmallandbigfarmsisfierce.D.Smallfarmersmaygainsomeadvantagesoverbigones.答案D细节理解题。根据第二段中的例子和该段中的“suddenlymakingitpossibleforthelittleguystopetewithlargefarmsofCalifornia”可知，小农场主可以获得比大农场主更多的好处。故选D。,63.Whatisthedifficultyforthosenewfarmers?,A.Togainmorefinancialaid.B.Tohiregoodfarmmanagers.C.Tohavefarmsoftheirown.D.Towinoldfarmerssupport.答案C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Onecrucialfactor.formanynewfarmers”可知，很多新农场主无法获得他们自己的土地，这是他们的困难所在。故选C。,64.Whatshouldfarmersdoforamoresustainableandfairfarmeconomy?,A.SeeksupportbeyondNYFC.B.Expandfarmlandconservation.C.BeemembersofNYFC.D.Investmoretoimprovetechnology.答案A推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句以及最后一段中的“WeattheNYFCneedbroadsupport.allbackgrounds”可知，除了需要NYFC的支持，农场主还需要获得其他的帮助。故选A。,DChildrenasyoungastenarebeingdependentonsocialmediafortheirsenseofself-worth,amajorstudywarned.Itfoundmanyyoungsters(少年)nowmeasuretheirstatusbyhowmuchpublicapprovaltheygetonline,oftenthrough“likes”.Somechangetheirbehaviourinreallifetoimprovetheirimageontheweb.Thereportintoyoungstersagedfrom8to12wascarriedoutbyChildrensCommissioner(专员)AnneLongfield.Shesaidsocialmediafirmswereexposingchildrentomajoremotionalrisks,withsomeyoungstersstartingsecondaryschoolill-equippedtocopewiththetremendouspressuretheyfacedonline.,Somesocialappswerepopularamongthechildreneventhoughtheysupposedlyrequireuserstobeatleast13.Theyoungstersadmittedplanningtripsaroundpotentialphoto-opportunitiesandthenmessagingfriendsandfriendsoffriendstodemand“likes”fortheironlineposts.Thereportfoundthatyoungstersfelttheirfriendshipscouldbeatriskiftheydidnotrespondtosocialmediapostsquickly,andaroundtheclock.Childrenaged8to10were“startingtofeelhappy”whenotherslikedtheirposts.However,thoseinthe10to12agegroupwere“concernedwithhowmanypeopleliketheirposts”，suggestinga“need”forsocialrecognitionthatgetsstrongertheoldertheybee.,MissLongfieldwarnedthatagenerationofchildrenriskedgrowingup“worriedabouttheirappearanceandimageasaresultoftheunrealisticlifestylestheyfollowonplatforms,andincreasinglyanxiousaboutswitchingoffduetotheconstantdemandsofsocialmedia”.Shesaid:“Childrenareusingsocialmediawithfamilyandfriendsandtoplaygameswhentheyareinprimaryschool.Butwhatstartsasfunusageofappsturnsintotremendouspressureinrealsocialmediainteractionatsecondaryschool.”Astheirworldexpanded,shesaid,childrenparedthemselvestoothersonlineinawaythatwas“hugelydamagingintermsoftheirself-identity,intermsoftheirconfidence,butalsointermsoftheirabilitytodevelopthemselves”.,MissLongfieldadded:“Thenthereisthispushtoconnectifyougooffline，willyoumisssomething,willyoumissout，willyoushowthatyoudontcareaboutthosepeopleyouarefollowing,allofthoseetogetherinahugewayatonce.”“Forchildrenitisvery,verydifficulttocopewithemotionally.”TheChildrensCommissionerforEnglandsstudyLifeinLikesfoundthatchildrenasyoungas8wereusingsocialmediaplatformslargelyforplay.However,theresearchinvolvingeightgroupsof32childrenaged8to12suggestedthatastheyheadedtowardtheirteens,theybecameincreasinglyanxiousonline.,Bythetimetheystartedsecondaryschoolatage11childrenwerealreadyfarmoreawareoftheirimageonlineandfeltunderhugepressuretoensuretheirpostswerepopular,thereportfound.However,theystilldidnotknowhowtocopewithmean-spiritedjokes,orthesenseofinpetencetheymightfeeliftheyparedthemselvestocelebrities(名人)ormorebrilliantfriendsonline.Thereportsaidtheyalsofacedpressuretorespondtomessagesatallhoursofthedayespeciallyatsecondaryschoolwhenmoreyoungstershavemobilephones.,TheChildrensCommissionersaidschoolsandparentsmustnowdomoretopreparechildrenfortheemotionalminefield(雷区)theyfacedonline.Andshesaidsocialmediapaniesmustalso“takemoreresponsibility”.Theyshouldeithermonitortheirwebsitesbettersothatchildrendonotsignuptooearly,ortheyshouldadjusttheirwebsitestotheneedsofyoungerusers.JavedKhan,ofchildrenscharityBarnardos,said:“Itsvitalthatnewpulsoryage-appropriaterelationshipandsexeducationlessonsinEnglandshouldhelpequipchildrentodealwiththegrowingdemandsofsocialmedia.“Itsalsohugelyimportantforparentstoknowwhichappstheirchildrenareusing.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，内容是关于社交媒体对孩子的影响的。,65.Whydidsomesecondaryschoolstudentsfeeltoomuchpressure?,A.Theywerenotprovidedwithadequateequipment.B.Theywerenotwellpreparedforemotionalrisks.C.Theywererequiredtogivequickresponses.D.Theywerepreventedfromusingmobilephones.答案B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“socialmediafirms.theyfacedonline”可知，一些中学生感到压力大的原因是他们没有准备好应对情感风险。故选B项。,66.Somesocialapppaniesweretoblamebecause_.,A.theydidntadequatelychecktheirusersregistrationB.theyorganizedphototripstoattractmoreyoungstersC.theyencouragedyoungsterstopostmorephotosD.theydidntstopyoung