2018北京市学位英语真题及答案.pdf

2018 北京市学士学位英语北京市学士学位英语 考前押题考前押题 （考试时间（考试时间 120 分钟）分钟） Part Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. There seems never to have been a civilization without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do. (76)In the ancient world, as in today, most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girls with another. In societies where social roles are rigidly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers. This is true because boys and girls are being prepared, even in play to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world. What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same. The changes have been mostly in terms of craftsmanship, mechanics and technology. It is the universality of toys with regard to their development in all parts of the world and their persistence to the present that is amazing. In Egypt, the America, China, Japan and among the Arctic people, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Variations depended on local customs and ways of life because toys imitate their surroundings. (77)Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles. Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the ox cart to the automobile is a direct line of ascent (进步). The progress from a rattle (拨浪鼓) used by a baby in 3, 000 B. C. to one used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of available materials. 1. The reason why the toys most boys play with are different from those that girls play with is that. Atheir social roles are rigidly determined Bmost boys would like to follow their fathers professions Cboys like to play with their fathers while girls with their mothers Dthey like challenging activities 2. One aspect of “the universality of toys” lies in the fact that. Atechnological advances have greatly improved the durability of toys Bthe improvement of craftsmanship in making toys depends on the efforts of universities Cthe exploration of the universe has led to the creation of new kinds of toys Dthe basic characteristics of toys are the same over the world 3. Which of the following is the authors view on the historical development of toys? AThe craftsmanship in toy-making has remained essentially unchanged. BToys have remained basically the same all through the centuries. CThe toy industry has witnessed great leaps in technology in recent years. DToys are playing an increasingly important role in shaping a childs character. 4. Regarded as a kind of art form, toys. Afollow a direct line of ascent Balso appeal greatly to adults Care not characterized by technological progress Dreflect the pace of social progress 5. The author uses the example of a rattle to show that. Ain toy-making there is a continuity in the use of materials Beven the simplest toys can reflect the progress of technology Cit often takes a long time to introduce new technology into toy-making Deven a simple toy can mirror the artistic tastes of the times Passage 2 Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage. On the night of May 7, 1942, during World War , a plane took off from an Air Force base in England to stop German fighters over the English Channel. Pilot of the plane was Captain Thomas Nash. Looking eastward, Nash saw twelve orange lights in a row, moving at a fantastic rate of speed. As a sophisticated flyer, he had never seen anything like them. Thinking that they might be a new German weapon, he decided to chase them. (78)But when he swung the plane around and headed directly for the lights, they vanished. Captain Nash may have been the first to see such orange lights but he wasnt the last. His experience was repeated several times by pilots during World War II in Europe and the Far East. What were they? No one knows for sure, but there is an interesting theory to explain them. According to this theory, the orange lights are space animalsanimals specially adapted to life in the upper atmosphere just as some creatures are adapted to life at the bottom of the sea. These space animals, the theory says, live so far up in the atmosphere that they are invisible from earth. They feed in part on the air and partly on energy from sunlight. Being almost pure energy themselves, they can adjust their bodies to glow at night. During the day they become invisible. Before World War II, continues the theory, there was little radiated energy available on the earths surface. Then came the development of rockets, atomic reactors, and hydroelectric plants. (79)The space creatures are attracted by these sources of energy. At night when no energy emitted from sunlight, they go down into the lower levels to search a meal. They may even drift into the scope of human eyesight. This explains the fact that they have been sighted periodically from the earth since 1942. 6.The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that. ACaptain Nash saw twelve orange lights moving at a fantastic rate of speed BCaptain Nash may have been the first to see lights in space CAccording to an interesting theory, the orange lights are space animals DThe mysteries of nature can be completely explained 7.The strange orange lights were first seen. Afrom the ground Bfrom a rocket ship Cduring World War I Dduring World War 8.The theory says that during the daytime the space animals. Aglow brightly in the sky Bare invisible Ccan be seen in the earth Dvisit the earths surface 9.If the space animal theory is true, the creatures go down to the lower regions in order to. Aescape detection Barouse curiosity Csearch for food Dmake contact with man 10.The space animal theory would seem to indicate that. Aliving creatures are extremely adaptable Blife in space is impossible for man Cthe fittest creatures always survive Dlife can not exist in the depth of the sea Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage. In many businesses, computers have largely replaced paperwork,because they are fast, flexible, and do not make mistakes. As one banker said,“Unlike humans, computers never have a bad day.”And they are honest. Many banks advertise that their transactions are “untouched by human hands”and therefore safe from human temptation.Obviously, computers have no reason to steal money. But they also have no conscience, and the growing number of computer crimes shows they can be used to steal. Computer criminals dont use guns. And even if they are caught, it is hard to punish them because there are no witnesses and often no evidence.(80) A computer cannot remember who used it,it simply does what it is told. The head teller at a New York City Bank used a computer to steal more than one and a half billion dollars in just four years. No one noticed this theft because he moved the money from one account to another. Each time a customer he had robbed questioned the balance in his account, the teller claimed a computer error, then replaced the missing money from someone elses account. This man was caught only because he was a gambler. When the police broke up an illegal gambling operation, his name was in the records. Some employees use the computers power to get revenge on employers they consider unfair. Recently, a large insurance company fired its computer-tape librarian for reasons that involved her personal rather than her professional life. She was given thirty days notice. In those thirty days, she erased all the companys computerized records. Most computer criminals have been minor employees. Now police wonder if this is “the tip of the iceberg”. As one official says,“I have the feeling that there is more crime out there than we are catching. What we are seeing now is all so poorly done. I wonder what the real experts are doingthe ones who really know how a computer works.” 11.The passage is mainly about. Acomputer crimes Bbanking via computer Ccomputer errors Dcomputer businesses 12.Why are the transactions in many banks claimed to be safe? ABecause they are handled by computers. BBecause humans are not allowed to operate computers. CBecause there are no mistakes what so ever. DBecause computers do not steal money. 13.The head teller covered up his theft by. Areplacing the money with what he had gained at the gambling house Bsaying sorry to the customer Cputting the money back Dmoving the money back from another account 14.Thirty days after the librarian was given the notice, she had to. Atake her revenge on the company Bleave her job Cerase all the companys records Dadmit her mistake 15.What can we infer from the passage? AMinor employers are more likely to commit crimes. BCrimes committed by computer experts are difficult to detect. CComputer criminals are usually from the cold regions. DThere are too many criminals for the police to catch. Part Vocabulary and Structure (30%) Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 16.If you buy more than ten，they knock 20 pence off_. A.a priceB.priceC.the priceD.prices 17.The manager, _his factorys products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training. A.knowingB. knownC.to knowD.being known 18.Mary has never been_a ship. A. abroadB. aboardC.aboveD. absorb 19.In fact, there is no_liberty in any country. A.adequateB.absoluteC. privateD.practical 20.Adriver should_on the road when driving. A.connectB.flatC.fillD.concentrate 21._to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin. A.ExposedB.Having exposed C.Being exposedD.After being exposed 22.She has an_for learning history. A.appendixB. appealC.appetiteD.applause 23.One learns a language by making mistakes and_them. A.correctB. correctingC.correctsD.to correct 24._for his help, we couldnt have overcome the difficulties. A.Werent itB.Hadnt it been C.Had it not beenD.Without it 25.Only when the process of meeting the basic need for food reached a certain level of sophistication_to follow other pursuits. A.it was possible for humansB.was it possible for humans C.were humans possibleD.possible for humans it was 26.The manager of the hotel requests that their guests_after 11:00 p.m. A.not to play loud musicB.dont play loudmusic C.shouldnt play loud musicD.couldnt play loud music 27.We desire that the tour leader_us immediately of any change in plans. A. informB.informedC.informsD.has informed 28.I wish I_longer this morning，but I had to get up and come to class. A.could have sleptB.might have slept C.sleptD.have slept 29.My sisters professor had her_paper many times before allowing her to present it to the committee. A. re writtenB.to rewriteC.rewriteD.rewriting 30.It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios_after 11 oclock at night. A.were not playedB.not be played C.not to playD.did not play 31.As Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces, I have directed that all measures _for our defense. A.had been takenB.be taken C.would be takenD.to be taken 32.The hours_the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people. A.in whichB.on whichC.whenD.that 33.Beforethe first non-stop flight made in 1949, it_necessary for all planes to land for refueling. A.would beB.has beenC.had beenD.would have been 34.We_our breakfast when an old man came to the door. A.just have hadB.have just had C.just hadD.had just had 35.Its reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory _by about 10%. A.will have risenB.has risen C.will be risingD.has been rising 36.Although Americans have different views on many issues, they tend to agreeone subject: taxes are too high. A.onB.toC.withD.at 37.His sickness,with terrible weather, has completely ruined this long - expected trip. A. combingB.combinedC. to combineD. to be combined 38.Afterseemed to be an endless wait, it was finally his turn to have the interview. A. thatB.whenC.whatD.which 39.The demand made by the workers is that their salariesto cover the increased cost of living. A. increasedB.be increasedC.be increasingD.were increased 40. He is, by far, and will be for a time, the best basketball player in the history of the game. A.comingB.to comeC.to have comeD. to be coming 41.When we arrived at the airport, we were told our flight. A.cancelledB.had cancelledC.has been cancelledD.had been cancelled 42.After careful investigation we find that one of the statementsto be untrue. A.is turned outB.have been turned out C.has turned outD.have turned out 43.Without the suns lightthe earths surface, no life could exist on the earth. A.warmsB.warmedC.warmingD.to warm 44.How close parents are to their childrena strong influence on the character of their children. A.haveB.hasC.havingD.had 45.It is high time that the international communitytogether to fight against terrorism. A.workB.worksC.workedD.working Part Identification (10%) Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 46.Neither John and his father was able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train. ABCD 47. Mary found it difficult to talk calmly about which she had experienced at the station. ABCD 48. The salesman told me that a good pair of glasses were supposed to last at least 3 to 4 years. ABCD 49. Ever since the world began, nations have difficulty in keeping peace with their neighbors. ABCD 50. You had better return to your dormitory and to enjoy the company of your roommates instead ABC of wasting time with me. D 51. Under no circumstances we shall stop the research we have begun. ABCD 52. If you had come to the party last night, you have known the fact. ABCD 53. Our history professor is such a knowledgeable person that it seems that there isnt nothing ABCD which he does not know. 54. She liked her job as a waitress because she enjoyed to meet people. ABCD 55. The next morning the first thing my brother and me did was to go out for a walk in the forest. ABCD Part IV Cloze (10%) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Animals have been kept as pets by people in all parts of the world for thousands of years. The most56pets are dogs, cats, birds and fish. But many people57unusual pets,58 snakes, crocodiles and monkeys. Many Japanese children59mice and teach60to dance 61music. The people of India62pets of snakes. Pets can make interesting, playful63. People enjoy teaching them to do64and to 65commands. Pets owners often66their pet to be a member of the family. Many children spend more time with their pets than they do with adults.67caring for pets, children learn responsibility. They must68that their pets have food, exercise, and a proper place to live in. Most children like69to and even telling secrets to their pets. Pets also can70to a persons general well-being. Research shows that71with animals can improve a persons morale, and that the presence of pets can lower72blood pressure. Many people look and feel more relaxed73with their pets. Many people living 74in nursing homes or in hospitals enjoy community programs that bring pets to visit. Today, many such institutions keep cats, birds, fish and other pets for their75. 56.AordinaryBfamiliarCusualDcommon 57. A takeB keepC adoptDfeed 58. A such asB likeC exampleD for instance 59. A trainingB calmC tameD domesticated 60. A themB itC thatD what 61. A forB afterC withD go 62. A keepB bringC letD make 63. A companyB campC colonyD companions 64. A gamesB tricksC playD the game 65. A obeyB complyC submitD carry 66. A considerB reflectC thinkD bear in mind 67. A ThroughB WithC ByD Without 68. A thinkB sureC seeD assure 69. A chattingB talkingC discussing D expressing 70. A promoteB supplyC donateD contribute 71. A isB is beingC beingD are 72. A itsB someonesC theirD ones 73. A duringB byC at the time D while 74. A aloneB lonelyC alonenessD assisted 75. A tenantsB residentsC citizensD residency Part Translation (20%) Section A Directions: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages to identify their meanings in the context. 76. In the ancient world, as in today, most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girls with another. 77. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles. 78. But when he swung the plane around and h