上海2014年度中考英语真题答案及解析.doc

2014年上海市中考英语真题解析综述：改革后的第一次中考在雨中结束了，总体而言大家还是感觉试卷是平稳过渡的，而且经历了一模二模甚至三模的锻炼，同学们也基本没有表现出对题目变化的不适应。应该讲，今年的试卷还是严格依照了市教委教育考试院的考试要求和改革方向，难度是有升有降，总体平稳。至于同学们会有什么样的分数还要到成绩公布之后才可见分晓。以下我们分大题来进行探讨，并试探性提出以后的备考建议。Part I Listening (第一部分 听力)真题回放：I Listening Comprehension (听力理解) （共30分）A. Listen and choose the right picture. (根据你所听到的内容选择相应的图片)（6分）1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ 6. _ B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear.(根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案)（8分）7.A) ChemistryB) History C) EnglishD) Maths8.A) A hamburgerB) A fruit salad C) A hot-dogD) A sandwich 9.A) TiredB) Surprised C) ExcitedD) Frightened10.A) Watch TVB) Play football C) Go to the cinemaD) Read a book11.A) Fifteen minutes walk B) Fifteen minutes bus ride C) Fifty minutes walk D) Fifty minutes bus ride12.A) ThursdayB) Friday C) SaturdayD) Sunday13.A) TripsB) Computers C) ParentsD) Jobs14.A) At the beachB) At the airport C) In the theatreD) In the hotelC. Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F) (判断句子是否符合你听到短文内容，符合的用T表示，不符合的用F表示)(6分)15.My aunt and uncle sent me a bottle of honey as a birthday present last year.16.The smell of my hair attracted lots of bees when I were outside.17.I jumped into my neighbours swimming pool to stay away from the bees.18.When I climbed out of the pool, the bees were still flying around.19.My aunt and uncle wrote me a letter to apologize to me.20.This is a story about my unforgettable birthday present.D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences. (听短文，完成下列内容，每空限填一词)（10分）21.Dan Carter lives in London and works as _ _ there.22.Dan and I stay in touch _ _ and sometimes we call each other.23.When I _ _ when I need to talk to somebody, I can always call Dan.24.Dan is always _ _ everything and he never says sorry. 25.One day, we arranged to meet _ _ to play football, but Dan didnt come on time.评析：本次听力考试的题型变化比较明显，尤其是最后一大题变为了5句话听出10个单词，对学生的记忆和应变能力提出了更高的要求。但从材料的选材和内容、语速等难易度来看，本次听力难度适中。 Part II Phonetics, Grammar and Vocabulary（语音，语法和词汇）真题回放：II. Choose the best answer.（选择最恰当的答案。）（20分）26. Garden School is very famous and its Marys first choice. Which of the following is correct for the underlined word? A. /f :st/B. /fi:st/ C./fri:st/ D./frist/ 解析：本题主要考查元音字母i在first中的发音。音标的考查还是头一次，不过对于first这样一个出镜率颇高的词汇，相信大家不太会搞错，因为大家基本都会“拼读”或联想记忆发声，不至于会把发音字母”ir”等同于音标”ri。”27.Do you see that good-looking young man? _ is a famous Korean film star.A. He B. His C. HimD. Himself解析：考查主格的人称代词，大家不会搞错的。当然本题还想和大家拉近距离，提到了韩星。呵呵，是哪位啊。28.More and more people in Shanghai choose to go to work _ underground.A. inB. withC. byD. for解析：考查固定搭配或介词的用法，by+交通工具指“乘什么”。29. Students are encouraged to share their learning experience _ their classmates. A. toB. inC. atD. with 解析：考查介词的用法和意义，也是考搭配或者说在语境中运用词汇的能力。“sharewith”意为“和分享”30. The traffic is moving very slowly as so many cars _ on their way back to Shanghai.A. amB. isC. areD. be 解析：考查原因状语从句中的时态用法。实际上本题颇为简单，只不过在句式上稍显复杂。31. -_ can you finish the report on food safety? -In two days.A. How farB. How muchC. How oftenD. How soon 解析：考查特殊疑问句的表达。”in+时间”我们在初中阶段多看做是将来时的标志。 “How soon”意为“多快”。32.Old Mr. Black lives happily with his three dogs. _ of them are part of his family. A. BothB. AllC. NoneD. Neither 解析：考查不定代词。Both和all是指两者和三者以上，none和neither分别指一个也没有和两者都不而且谓语动词用单数。老人有三条狗都是家庭的一部分，从are看出答案选B。33.Air pollution has become _ than ever before. We must do something to stop it. A. seriousB. more serious C. most seriousD. the most serious 解析：考查形容词副词的比较级用法。从than ever before看出此处用比较级，故选B。34._ carefully, Michael! Theres a school ahead.A. DriveB. To driveC. DroveD. Driving 解析：考查特殊句式，此处很明显为祈使句，故选A。35.All passengers _ go through safety check before they take a plane.A. canB. mayC. mustD. ought 解析：此处考查情态动词的用法。从语义来看语气非常强烈，带有明显的命令意味，故选C。36.-Would you like to go to the cartoon show with me?-It sounds like fun, _ Im too busy.A. soB. forC. orD. but 解析：此处考查连词的用法和拒绝的语义功能。逗号前后两句话意思对比明显，表示转折。37.John didnt give up looking for a job _ he got an offer from a German company.A. until B. sinceC. becauseD. if 解析：此处考查特殊句式、状语从句和搭配。Not until是直到才的意思，符合题意。而since可以引导时间状语从句表示”自从”，但主句需要用完成时态而且语义表达不对；because和if类似，均不符合题意。38.Aunt Lucy will tell us something about her trip to Australia when she _ back.A. came B. comesC. would comeD. will come 解析：考查时间状语从句。此题一看便知是考查“主将从现”，答案非常明显。39.The robot can help me sweep the floor. _ smart invention it is!A. What B. What aC. What anD. How 解析：考查感叹句的结构。What +(a/an)+定语+核心词+代词+动词，而how+定语+核心词+动词。此处发明是一个可数名词，指机器人。40.Susan and Lily _ tomatoes and other vegetables on the farm this time yesterday.A. pickB. are pickingC. will pickD. were picking 解析：考查时态。this time yesterday很明显是过去进行式的标记词。41.By the end of last week, she _ in the west of China for two months helping the homeless children.A. will stayB. has stayedC. would stayD. had stayed 解析：by引导时间，主句里是要用完成时态的。此处这个时间还是last week，故表示在上周这个过去的时间前，是一个过去的过去。42.Harry has decide _ an online shop after graduating from school.A. openB. to openC. openedD. opening 解析：考查动词搭配。 “decide to do”是“决定做某事”。43.I wouldnt mind _ a roommate. We can help each other and save money as well.A. havingB. to haveC. haveD. had 解析：考查固定句式或动词搭配。”mind doing”是“介意做某事”的意思。44.-Remember to print on both sides of the paper. -_ .A. Me too.B. Well done.C. Sure, I will.D. Thats all right. 解析：考查语言功能。A项为“我也是”，B为“做得好”，C为“好的，我会的”，D为“没关系”。45.-I was just in time to get there for the meeting. Thank you for lending me the bike.-_ A. Thats rightB. Of course not.C. Youre welcome. D. The same to you. 解析：考查语言功能。C为“不客气”，A为“没错”，B为“当然不”，D为“你也是”。III. Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.（将下列单词填入空格，每空格限填一词，每个单词只能填一次。）（8分）A. behaviors B. mad C. refused D. argued E. modernMy relationship with my mother changed after I went to college. When I was at home, we _46_ about many things, for example, wearing makeup(化妆) and talking on the phone. One time, before a big party, she _47_to let me leave the house. She thought my makeup was too heavy. I had to wash my face before I went to the party. I was the only girl without the makeup, and I was _48_ . When I talked to my friends on the phone, my mom always shouted to hurry up and the person I was talking to could hear her. Her _49_ always made me upset.A. closer to B. completely C. traditionD. together E. advice But after a few months at college, I changed myself _50_ . I met new people. I started learning about history, politics and the world. I didnt have the time or the patience for long phone conversations. I stopped caring so much about things like makeup. I once went to a party with no makeup, but I felt fine. I just laughed about it. My new way of thinking brought me _51_ my mother. Now, I talk to my mother almost every day. We get along quite well. We go to movies _52_ and read the same books. I tell her my problems and she gives me her good _53_. Last month, my mother helped me through a hard time. She is an amazing person. I know that now.解析：选词填空题的特点就是要判断词性和语义，填上之后符合上下文的逻辑关系和文章主题。本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个人的心路成长历程和妈妈的关系，有因有果，所以语义的考量格外重要。第一篇里A.behaviours(行为)是一个名词，B. mad（疯的，生气的）为形容词，C.refused（拒绝）和D. argued（争论）同为动词的-ed形式，E.modern（现代的）为形容词。综合句子机构和语义答案不难选出，DCBA。 第二篇里A. closer to（更近，更亲近）是形容词或副词的比较级结构，B. completely（完全地）是副词，C. tradition(传统)为名词，D. together（共同）为副词，E. advice（建议）是不可数名词，故答案为BADEIV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their suitable forms.（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词）（8分）54.Dont be afraid of making _. They help you learn. (mistake)55.The medicine should be taken _ a day, George. (two)56.I plan to enter for a summer camp with a friend of _. (me)57.Im not satisfied with the service here. I want to speak to the _. (manage)58.The boy moved _ into the hall as the concert had already begun. (quite)59.The soldier saved the boy from the flood with a piece of _. (wooden)60.Shops are not allowed to _ cigarettes to anyone under the age of 18. (sale)61.Many people enjoy reading e-books, but I _ as its bad for the eyes. (like)解析：应该说这8个题难度不大。8个题分别考查了1）名词变复数(mistakes)，2）基数词变副词(once)，3）人称代词(me)变名词性物主代词(mine)，4）动词变名词(manager)，5）形容词变副词(quitely)，6）形容词变名词(wood)，此题实际上是形容词词缀的反向考查，7）名词变动词(sell)，8）否定前缀的用法(dislike)。词汇都是大纲要求的平时常见常用的，大家做上去不会有太大问题，当然在以后备考中大家要注意积累词汇，并为高中阶段的学习打下良好的基础。V. Rewrite the following sentences as required.（根据所给要求，改写下列句子。62-67小题每空格限填一词）（14分)62.Ben has finished the project on reusing natural resources. (改为否定句) Ben _ _ the project on reusing natural resources.63.Amy will study in an international language school for_several_weeks.(对划线部分提问) _ _ will Amy will study in an international language school?64.I was surprised to see my sisters photograph on a magazine cover. (保持句意不变) _ my _ , I saw my sisters photograph on a magazine cover.65.The girl wondered where she would meet her friends the next morning. (改为简单句) The girl wondered _ _ meet her friends the next morning.66.John asked, “Can you look after my pet dog while Im away?” (合成宾语从句) John asked _ I _ look after his pet dog while hes away.67.Sometimes we use smart phones to take pictures instead of cameras. (改为被动语态) Sometimes smart phones_ _ to take pictures instead of cameras.68. doing, the students, in the lab, the experiment, are (合为一句) _ _ 解析：本大题难度也很一般，虽有新题型出现，但考查的语法点非常基础。62. 此处否定词加在助动词has之后，所以答案为“hasnt finished”;63. 对一个持续的时间段提问，用“How long”;64. 考查特殊结构或不定式的用法，答案为“Tosurprise”;65. 考查宾语从句的缩略形式，答案为 “where to” 66. 注意直接引语变间接引语时人称，时态和连接词的选用。原句主句为过去时态，从句表达的意思为是否，故答案为“if/whether, could”; 67. 主动变被动，找到动作的承受者，注意时态即可，答案为 “are used”;68. 合并句子题思路比较简单，因为时态语态都已体现在单词或表达中，所以判断好主语，动词，状语，宾语，表语等结构就差不多了，做出之后读一读符不符合语义。此题相信大部分同学闭着眼睛也做得出来，答案“The students are doing the experiment in the lab.”Part III Reading and Writing（第三部分 读写）真题回放：VI. Reading comprehension（阅读理解 共50分）A Choose the best answer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）（12分）Sally: An animal doctor Whats the worst thing that has ever happened in your job? Probably the dog that bit me. It wasnt a big one-I dont mind the big ones. The small ones were the worst. It gave me a very nasty bite. Have you ever done any other jobs? Yes, I did different kinds of jobs when I was a student. One summer I did fruit-picking in Spain. Whats the worst job youve ever done?In order to improve my English, I worked for a rich family in New York. I never had a day off and I had to do everything-cooking, cleaning, shopping-and look after their horrible children. I left after two weeks and managed to get a job as a waitress at an Italian restaurant. Leo: An actor Whats the worst thing that has ever happened on your job?So many bad things have happened-but I think my worst moment was when I read my first bad review in the newspaper. They wrote terrible things about me. And I was upset. After that I didnt read any reviews any more. Have you ever done any other jobs?Oh yes, its hard to make a living as an actor so Ive done a lot of part-time jobs over the years. For example, Ive worked in a shop, sold ice-cream at the beach and handed out publicity flyers on the street. Whats the worst job youve ever done? The worst job Ive ever done is at an egg-packing factory. Working conditions are terrible-you stand for hours at the end of a belt . You cant have a break and If you want to go to the toilet, you have to ask for permission. And, most of all, the smell was terrible-Ive never eaten an egg since then. 69.The underlined word “one” refers to _ .A. dog B. bite C. event D. job70. Sally has done all the jobs EXCEPT _ .A. picking fruit in SpainB. working for a rich family C. looking after sick animalsD. cooking in an Italian restaurant71. After reading his first bad review in the newspaper, Leo _ .A. wrote more reviewsB. replied to every review C. gave up his job as an actorD. stopped reading every of his reviews 72.What does Leo think of being an actor?A. Its hard to make a livingB. Its helpful to read his reviews C. Its easy to make lots of money D. Its fun to have different experiences 73. What did Lew hate most when working at an egg-packing factory?A. No breaks B. Standing for too long C. The bad smell D. Putting eggs into boxes74. The best title of this message might be _ .A. An Animal DoctorB. Terrible Job Experiences C. How to Find a Part-time JobD. Reviews of Sally and Leo解析：第一题是常考的“指代题”，不难看出此处one指代的是dog。后4道题均为细节题，只要顺藤摸瓜，答案不难找出，提醒大家不要望文生义，要严格比对原文去寻找答案。最后一题是主旨题，难度不大，注意不可以偏概全，无中生有。B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文):Be yourself We wish that we could be better at sports or more attractive. We wish we had nicer clothes or more money. Everyone likes to feel that he or she is special. _75_ many of us grow up believing that were not special at all. We believe we are not good enough just as we are. Most parents want us to be the best we can be. Very often, they _76_ us to others. By doing this, they try to encourage us to do better. They mean well, but the message we often get is that were not good enough. We begin to believe that the only way we can be special is by being better than someone else, but we are often _77_ . There will always be someone out there who is better than we are at something. Plenty of people around may not be as smart as we are, but they are better at sports. Or they may be not as good-looking, but hey have more money. It is _78_ for us to be better than everyone else all the time. We all want the things that we believe will make us better people. But very often we dont realize that we already have _79_ us the very things that we want. These things make us different from others. When we are growing up, _80_ some forget to tell us that we are special, that we are good enough. Maybe no one had these when they were growing up. Anyway, its up to us to remind them from time to time that each of us, in our own way, is special. What we are is enough.75.A. AgainB. NextC. BesidesD. However76.A. describeB. compareC. introduceD. prefer77.A. lonelyB. forgetfulC. disappointedD. nervous78.A. helpfulB. impossible C. necessaryD. unfair 79.A. insideB. amongC. aroundD. for80.A. friendsB. scientistsC. parentsD. doctors解析：本篇文章实际上非常贴地气，思考了现今年轻人的生活和思维状况，提出了自己的见解。语言方面来看考查的词汇难度不大，均为常见词汇对比。全文只有79题考察了一个抽象含义，较难选择。鉴于完形填空题基本都是在词性相同的词汇之间选择，所以联系上下文语境选择最符合语义的单词主要是对语言能力的考查，同学们在做此类题时要注意前后衔接，行文流畅通顺。此外，大家也要再平时注重词汇量的积累，做到认识，会用，知道彼此的差异。 C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给):（14分）A school newspaper The Teens asked over one thousand teenagers how they spend their spare time. Here they report the r_81_ of the survey. Its not at all surprising to learn that most teens said they wanted more free time. Most have less than an hour a day for after-school activities. P_82_ activities was popular among both girls and boys, averaging between three to six hours a week. Favorite sports among girls is tennis, basketball and swimming. Boys said they liked football, basketball and skating. Speaking of entertainment, music and TV were popular. About half of these surveyed said that music was their favorite activity. This i_83_ both listening to and playing music. TV was also very popular. Three quarters said they preferred watching TV to read a book or magazine. Unsurprisingly, as many as three of ten teenagers mentioned that collecting things was something they liked to do in their spare time. They had v_84_ collections from cartoon books and basketball cards to stickers, toys and coins. V_85_ friends was also popular. Eight out of ten teenagers said they met their friends once a week. Nine out of ten said they contacted friends through the Internet. A_86_ popular way of contacting friends was the telephone. Everyone we surveyed said they spoke to friends every day. Most said they spoke about twenty minutes a day. Surprisingly, teenagers s_87_ went dancing, especially girls. Only one out of ten went to the dance regularly. 81. _ 82._ 83. _ 84. _ 85._ 86._ 87._ 解析：首字母是所有初中同学都感觉较难的题目，不过今年的题目难度应该讲属于中等水平。此篇文章讲述了一个调查报告，而且和中学生的日程生活密切相关，内容涵盖锻炼，娱乐，收藏和与朋友联系等话题，所以大家在做的时候会倍感亲切，不会怯题。在语言上，大家还是要从词性和语义两大方面去综合考虑，不可忽视任意方面。难度稍大的属82和85题，同学们不易想到。一、 如何应对1) 大纲词汇深谙于心（背的不仅是一个词，是一组词（同义，反义，形近），此外还要通过各种途径扩大课外词汇2) 时态语态清晰，会分析简单的句子结构，掌握基本的句子成分搭配规则3) 回归课本文章，扩大课外阅读量和练习量，积累常识性内容和知识储备二、 做题时的Tips1) 判断文章主题，确定主题基调，预判可能词汇2) 时态语态时刻小心，句子成分关系判断正确3) 时刻注意上下文语义衔接，尤其是段内4) 在常识范围内解题；不要粗心；通读全文，连贯流畅附上答案：81 result(s), 82 Physical 83 included 84 various 85 Visiting 86 Another 87 SeldomD. Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题）（12分）