C语言下期考试题库.doc

改错. 1.程序D8.c的功能是打开文件d:te.c用于读并判断打开是否成功【此部分在计算中心已公布的题库中，未标明正确答案，同学们自己做】#includeint main(void) FILE *fp; /*Found*/ char fileName = d:te.c; /*Found*/ fp = fopen(fileName, r); /*Found*/ if (fp = NULL) puts(File Open Error!); return 1; putchar(fgetc(fp); fclose(fp);return 0;2.程序D9.c的功能是申请100个字节的内存空间，显示其首地址，然后释放申请到的内存空间#include#includeint main(void) /*Found*/ char *pch2; /*Found*/ if (pch = (char *)malloc(100) = NULL) printf(malloc memory fail!n); return 1; printf(%pn, pch); /*Found*/ free(pch);return 0;3.程序D10.c的功能是将字符串str2显示在屏幕上#include/*Found*/#define START /*Found*/#define NEXT int main(void) char *str2 = const int i = 0; for (printf(n); str2i; ) START putchar(str2i); /*Found*/ p+;NEXTreturn 0;4.程序D16.c的功能是worker2的信息使用结构体存储，从键盘读入其各项信息并显示。#includeint main(void) struct WKER long ID; long int num; char name20; char sex; /*Found*/ worker2 ; worker2.ID = 1L; /*Found*/ scanf(%ld%s %c, &worker2.num, , &worker2.sex); /*Found*/ printf(workers info: num=%ld name=%s sex=%cn, worker2.num, , worker2.sex);return 0;程序D19.c的功能是将inBuf中字符串拆分成一个个的单词。程序说明：(1)单词之间的分隔符由串divChar，程序中定义为“;?!,./”。(2)函数getStrFromBuf的功能是从Buf的开始处寻找第一个单词，将找到的单词作为一个字符串复制到Str处，divStr指明单词间的分隔符。GetStrFromBuf的返回值指向已找到单词的下一个字符。(3)函数charInStr的功能是判断字符t是否出现在串Str中。(4)主程序的功能是将inBuf中的所有单词在屏幕上显示出来。#include#define Yes 1#define No 0char *getStrFromBuf(char *Buf, char *Str, char *divStr);int charInStr(char *Str, char t);int main(void) char inBuf100 = how old are/ you?, *point, oneWord20; char divChar = ;?!,./; point = inBuf; while (*point) /*Found*/P=getStrFromBuf(point, oneWord, divChar); if (*oneWord) puts(oneWord); return 0;int charInStr(char *Str, char t) for (; *Str; Str+) /*Found*/ if (*Str = *t)(去掉*) /*Found*/ return Yes; /*Found*/ return No;char *getStrFromBuf(char *Buf, char *Str, char *divStr) for (; *Buf; Buf+) if (charInStr(divStr, *Buf) = No) break; for (; *Buf; Buf+) if (charInStr(divStr, *Buf) = Yes) break; /*Found*/ *Str = *Buf; Str+; /*Found*/ *Str = 0; /*Found*/ return Buf;填空题【附带正确答案】一：#define M 10 main() int sub_max(); int i,aM,*ptr=a; int max; for(i=0;i=9;i+) scanf(%d,a+i); max=sub_max(ptr,10); printf(max=%dn,max); int sub_max(int *b,int i) int temp,j; temp=*b; for(j=1;j=i-1;j+)if(temp*(b+j) temp=*(b+j); return temp; 二、 求数组中值最大的元素值及其位置main()int a34,*ptr,i,j,max,maxi,maxj; for(i=0;i3;i+) for(j=0;j4;j+) scanf(%d,&aij); ptr=a0; max_arr(ptr,&max,&maxi,12); maxj=maxi%4; maxi=maxi/4; printf(max=%d,maxi=%d,maxj=%d,max,maxi,maxj); int max_arr(b,p1,p2,n)int *b,*p1,*p2,n; int i; *p1=b0; *p2=0; for(i=1;i*p1) *p1=bi; *p2=i; 三、求二维数组中每行元素的和 #define M 3#define N 4main() void fun(); float aMN; float score1=0,score2=0,score3=0, *pa=a0;int i,j; for(i=0;iM;i+) for(j=0;jN; j+)/*二维数组的数据输入*/ scanf(%f,&aij); fun(pa,&score1,&score2,&score3); printf(%.2f,%.2f,%.2fn,score1,score2,score3); void fun(b,p1,p2,p3)float b N,*p1,*p2,*p3;int i,j; *p1=*p2=*p3=0; for(i=0;i M;i+) for(j=0;j N;j+) if(i=0) *p1=*p1+bij;/*第0行的数据相加*/ if(i=1) *p2=*p2+bij;/*第1行的数据相加*/ if(i=2) *p3=*p3+bij;/*第2行的数据相加*/ 四、输出二维数组任意行任意列元素的值#include stdio.hmain() int a34=1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,21,23,56; int (*p)4,i,j; p=a; scanf(%d%d,&i,&j); printf(a%d,%d=%dn,i,j,*(*(p+i)+j); / 或*(pi+j) 或Pij五、有一个班，3个学生，各学4门课，计算总平均分数，以及第n 个学生的成绩。mian()void average(float *p,int n); void serch(float (*p)4,int);float score34=65,67,70,60,80,87,90,81, 90,99,100,98; average(*score,12): serch(score,2); 六、动态数组的实现。/*程序功能：实现动态数组*/#include “alloc.h”#include “stdlib.h”main() int *array=NULL, num, i;printf(“Input the number of element: ”); scanf(“%d”, &num); /*申请动态数组array=(int *) malloc( sizeof(int) * num ); if ( array=NULL ) printf(“out of memory, press any key to quit”); exit(0); printf(“Input %d elements: ”, num); for (i=0; inum; i+) scanf(“%d”, &arrayi); printf(“%d elements are: ”, num); for (i=0; inum; i+) printf(“%d,”, arrayi); printf(“b ”); free(array);七、用函数调用方式，实现字符串的复制。void string_copy(char *str_from, char *str_to) int i=0; for(; (*(str_from+i)!=0; i+) *(str_to+i)=*(str_from+i) *(str_to+i)=0;main() char array_str120=”I am a teacher.”; char array_str220; string_copy(array_str1, array_str2); printf(“array_str2=%sn”,array_str2); 八、用指针变量实现将字符串a复制为字符串bmain()char a =“I am a boy.”, b20, *p1, *p2; int i; p1=a; p2=b; for( ; *p1!=0; p1+,p2+) *p2=*p1; *p2=0; printf(“string a is:%sn”,a); printf(“string b is:”); for(i=0; bi!=0; i+) printf(“%c”,bi); printf(“n”); 九、找出十个数中的最大值main() int *max(); int n,a10,*s,i; for(i=0;i10;i+) scanf(%d,a+i); s=max(a,10); printf(max=%d,index=%dn,*s , s-a); int *max(a,n) int *a,n; int *p,*t; for(p=a,t=a;p-a*t) t=p; return t; 十、用指针数组的各指针指向字符串数组、指向一维整型数组、指向二维整型数组。 #include stdlib.hmain()char *ptr14=china,chengdu,sichuang, chongqin; int i, *ptr23;int a3=1,2,3, b32=1,2,3,4,5,6;for (i=0;i4;i+) printf(n%s,ptr1i); printf(n);for(i=0;i3;i+) ptr2i=&ai; /*将整型一维数组a的3个元素的地址传递给指针数组ptr2的三个元素*/ for(i=0;i3;i+) /*输出3个整型变量的值*/ printf(%4d,*ptr2i); printf(n);for(i=0;i3;i+) ptr2i=bi; for(i=0;i3;i+) printf(%4d%4dn,*ptr2i,*(ptr2i+1);十一。用冒泡排序法对4个字符串数组按字典排序。#include stdlib.h#include string.hmain() void sort(char *ptr1 .int n); void print(char *ptr1 ,int n); char *ptr14, str420; int i,j,n=4; for (i=0;in;i+) gets(stri); /*输入4个字符串*/ for(i=0;in;i+) ptr1i=stri; sort(ptr1,n); print(ptr1,n); void sort(char *ptr1 ,int n) int i,j,temp20; for(i=0;in-1;i+) /*冒泡排序*/ for( j=0;j0) strcpy(temp,ptr1j); strcpy(ptr1j,ptr1j+1); strcpy(ptr1j+1,temp); void print(char *ptr1 ,int n) int i; for( i=0;in;i+) printf(%sn ,ptr1i); 十二.利用 malloc()函数为指针分配存储空间，实现字符串的排序 #include stdlib.h“ #include string.hmain()void sort(char *ptr1 ,int n); void print(char *ptr1 ,int n); char *ptr14; int i,j;for (i=0;i4;i+) ptr1i=malloc(20); /*让指针数组各指针指向动态分配的20字节的存储空间*/ if (ptr1i=NULL ) /*内存申请失败： printf(“out of memory, press any key to quit”); exit(0); for(i=0;i4;i+) gets(ptr1i); /*输入字符串*/sort(ptr1,4);print(ptr1,4); for(i=0;i4;i+) free(ptr1i);void sort(char *ptr2 ,int n) char *temp; int i,j; for(i=0;in-1;i+) for(j=0;j0) temp=ptr2j; ptr2j=ptr2j+1; ptr2j+1=temp; void print(char *ptr1 ,int n) int i; for( i=0;in;i+) printf(%sn ,ptr1i);十三、用指向指针的指针变量访问一维和二维数组。main()int a10, b34, *p1, *p2, *p3, i, j; /*p3是指向指针的指针变量*/ for(i=0; i10; i+) scanf(“%d”, &ai); for (i=0;i3;i+) for(j=0;j4;j+) scanf(%d,&bij); for (p1=a;p1-a10;p1+) /* 用指向指针的指针变量输出一维数组*/ p3=&p1; printf(%4d,*p3); printf(n); for(i=0;i3;i+) /*用指向指针的指针变 p2=bi; 量输出二维数组*/ for(; p2-biname); scanf(%ld,&student-num); scanf(%d%d%d,&student-birthday.year,&student-birthday.month,&student-birthday.day);printf(outputname,number,year,month,dayn );printf(%20s%10ld%10d/%d/%dn,student-name,student-num,student-birthday.year,student-birthday.month,student-birthday.day); 十五struct data int day, month, year; ; struct stu char name20; long num; struct data birthday; ;main() int i; struct stu *p, student4=liying,1,1978,5,23, wangping,2,1979,3,14,libo,3,1980,5,6, xuyan,4,1980,4,21; p=student; printf(n1-Output name,number,year,month,dayn ); for(i=0;iname,(p+i)-num,(p+i)-birthday.year,(p+i)-birthday.month,(p+i)-birthday.day); 十六、编写一个creat( )函数，按照规定的节点结构体，创建一个单链表（链表中的节点个数不限，以输入学号0作结束）。#include#include#define LEN sizeof(struct student)#define NULL 0 struct student long num； int score； struct student *next； ; int n; struct student *creat() struct student *head=NULL,*tail,*newp；n=0;newp= (struct student *) malloc(LEN);printf(input Number and Scoren);scanf(“%ld,%d”,&newp-num,&newp-score);tail=newp;while(newp-num!=0) n+;if(n=1) head=newp； else tail-next=newp;tail=newp;newp=(struct student *)malloc(LEN); printf(input Number and Scoren);scanf(“%ld,%d”,&newp-num,&newp-score); tail-next=NULL; return(head); main()struct student *head; printf(Please creat the listn); head=creat();十七、输出链表的某节点数据typedef struct student char name10; int score; struct student *next;NODE;void print_list(NODE *head) NODE *p=head; while (p!=NULL) printf(n%s %d,p-name,p-score); p=p-next; 十八。该子函数的功能是统计链表节点的个数typedef struct student char name10; int score; struct student *next;NODE;int count_list(NODE *head) NODE *p=head; int count=0;while (p!=NULL) count+; p=p-next; return(count);十九，该子函数的功能是删除链表中的某节点struct node int num; char str20; struct node *next; ; struct node *delet(struct node * head, char * pstr) /*以head为头指针，删除pstr所在节点*/ struct node *temp,*p; temp=head; if (head=NULL) printf(nList is null!n); else temp=head; while(strcmp(temp-str,pstr)!=0 & temp-next!=NULL) p=temp;temp=temp-next; /*跟踪链表的节点，即指针后移*/ if(strcmp(temp-str,pstr)= =0 ) if (temp=head) printf(deletestring :%sn,temp-str); head=head-next;free(temp); else /*表中节点或最后节点*/ p-next=temp-next; printf(delete string :%sn,temp-str); free(temp);else printf(nno find string!n); /*没找到要删除的字符串*/ return(head); /*返回表头指针*/ 二十、以学号为顺序建立链表，插入某节点struct node *insert(struct node * head, char * pstr, int n) /*插入学号为n、姓名为pstr的节点*/ struct node *p1,*p2,*p3;p1=(struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node); strcpy(p1-str,pstr); /*写入节点的姓名字串*/ p1-num=n; p2=head; if(head=NULL) head=p1; p1-next=NULL; /*新节点插入表头*/else /*非空表*/ while(np2-num&p2-next!=NULL) /*输入的学号小于节点的学号，并且未到表尾*/ p3=p2; p2=p2-next; /*跟踪链表增长*/if (nnum) /*找到插入位置*/ if (head=p2) head=p1;p1-next=p2; /*插入位置在表头*/ else p3-next=p1; p1-next=p2; /*插入位置在表中*/else p2-next=p1; p1-next=NULL; /*插入位置在表尾*/ return(head); /*返回链表的头指针*/二十二、打开d盘根下的myfile.c文件,验证文件能否正确打开.include void main() FILE *fa; if(fa=fopen(“d:myfile.c”，“r”)=NULL) printf(“n Cannot open the file!”); exit(0); else printf(“ n Open! ”); fclose(fa); 二十三【编程题】、将键盘上输入的一个字符串（以#作为结束字符），存储到一个文件中。#include stdio.h” main( ) char ch,filename10; printf(“Enter the file name:”); scanf(%s,filename); if (fp=fopen(filename,“w”) = = NULL) printf(can not open this filen); exit(0); ch=getchar( );/*输入字符并存储到文件中*/ while(ch!=#) fputc(ch,fp); ch=getchar( ); fclose(fp); 二十四、【编程题】将一个磁盘文件的信息复制到另一个文件中并显示在屏幕上。#include stdio.h“ main( ) FILE *in,*out; char ch, infile20, outfile20; printf(Enter the infile name:); scanf(%s,infile); printf(Enter the outfile name:); scanf(%s,outfile); if (in=fopen(infile,r)=NULL) printf(can not open infilen); exit(0); if (out=fopen(outfile,w)=NULL) printf(can not open outfilen); exit(0); while (!feof(in) ch fgetc(in)；fputc(ch,out); putchar（ch）； fclose(in); fclose(out); 二十五、编写一个程序,实现DOS中的type命令的功能。命令格式如下： c:type d:file1.cpp#include #include void main(int argc,char *argv) FILE *fp; char c; if (argc2)printf(“n NO file name”); exit(0); if (fp=fopen(argv1, “r” )=NULL) printf(“n File not exist!”);exit(0); while(c=fgetc(fp)!=EOF) putchar( c );fclose(fp);二十六、从键盘读入字符串存入文件file1.txt ，再将文本文件file1.txt中的内容全部读出并显示在屏幕上。#includemain() FILE *fp; char string81; if(fp=fopen(file1.txt,w)=NULL) printf(cannt open file);exit(0); while(strlen(gets(string)0) fputs(string,fp); fputs(n,fp); fclose(fp);if(fp=fopen(file1.txt,r)=NULL) printf(cannt open file);exit(0); while(fgets(string,81,fp)!=NULL) fputs(string,stdout);fclose(fp);二十七、【编程题】把文件1的内容追加到文件2#include#include#define BUFSIZE 256void main(int argc,char *argv) int i; char buffBUFSIZE; FILE *fp1,*fp2; if(argc=1) printf(Rsage: fcat filename linke_fnamelink_fname.); printf(n);exit(0); if(fp1=fopen (argv1,a)=NULL) printf(file %s cannot opened.n,argv1); exit(1);for(i=2;iargc;i+) if(fp2=fopen(argvi,r)=NULL) printf(file %s cannot opened.n); exit(1); while(fgets(buff,BUFSIZE,fp2)!=NULL) fputs(buff,fp1); fclose(fp2); fclose(fp1);二十八。从键盘输入4个学生的有关数据，然后把它们转存到一个写入磁盘文件student.dat中。#include stdio.h” #define SIZE 4typedef struct int num; char name10; stutype;stutype studentSIZE;void save( ) FILE *fp; int i; if (fp=fopen(“student.dat,wb)=NULL) printf(“Can not open this filen); return; for (i=0;iSIZE;i+) if (fwrite(&studenti,sizeof(stutype),1,fp)!=1) printf(file write errorn); fclose(fp); main( ) int i; printf(Enter %d students No. and name:n“,SIZE); for (i=0;iSIZE;i+)scanf(%d%s,&studenti.num,); save( );二十九、【编程题】从文件中读入数据，然后在屏幕上输出。#include stdio.h” #define SIZE 4typedef struct int num; char name10; stutype;stutype studentSIZE;main( ) int i; FILE *fp; fp=fopen(“student.dat,rb); printf(%d students No. and name:n,SIZE); for (i=0;iSIZE;i+) fread(&studenti,sizeof(stutype),1,fp);printf(%d%10sn,studenti.num,); fclose(fp);三十、按指定的格式,将学生信息写入到文件stud. dat中#includestruct studentchar name10; int num; int age