英语课件定语从句人教版.ppt

,定语从句,3.定语从句：,由一个句子充当定语,4.从句的位置：,在名词或代词后,5.先行词： 被定语从句修饰的词,6.引导词：,引导定语从句的词（关系代词和关系 副词),7.引导词的作用：(1)引导定语从句 (2)在从句中作一成份 (3)代替先行词在从句中的位置,关系代词和关系副词的作用,CONCLUSION,引 导 词,关系代词,关系副词,在定语从句中作,主语或宾语,主语或宾语,宾语,主语或宾语,定语,时间,地点,原因,状语 状语 状语,在从句中作宾语可省去,先行词为,who that whom which whose,人 物/人 人 物 某人/某物的,When Where why,关系代词和关系副词如何区别？,1.The reason _he missed the speech is that he forgot the time. 2.The reason_he gave us sounded reasonable. 3.Ill never forget the day _we spent together in Paris. 4.Ill remember the day_we stayed together at that time. 5.This is the factory_we visited last year. 6.This is the house _Lincoln once lived.,Remember: 引导词用关系代词还是用关系副词关键要看他们在从句中作什么成份而定。或者说，假如把先行词放到从句中是作主语、宾语还是状语而定。,why,thatwhich,thatwhich,when,thatwhich,where,7.(1) He still lives in the room _window faces to the south. (2) He still lives in the room _is in the north of the city.,whose,which,8.(1)I will never forget the days _we studied together. (2)I will never forget the days _we spent together.,when,that,9.(1) The reason _he didnt come was that he was ill. (2) The reason _he explained is not true.,why,that,10.(1) We will meet at the same place_we met last month. (2) We will meet at the same place _we visited last month.,where,that,who,that （先行词为人） 有区别吗？,1.用who不用that的情况：,(1)当先行词为one,ones,anyone,those时。 (2)当先行词为人称代词时。,He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. Those who have any difficulty with pronunciation should practise more.,2. 用that不用who的情况：,(1) 当先行词既是人又是物。 (2)当句子出现一个who等。 （3）关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。,He talked a lot about the things and persons that he had remembered there Who is the man that spoke to you just now? Mary is no longer the girl that she used to be.,which,that (先行词为物） 有区别吗？,1.只用that不用which 的情况：,(1)先行词为much,little,few,nothing,none,anything,no,all等不定代词,（2）先行词既是人又是物。,（3）先行词为形容词的最高级或序数词。,（4）先行词被the very,the only,the last,any,every,who等修饰时。,All that can be done has been done.,He spoke of the things and persons that he had seen abroad.,This is the very book that I am looking for.,Who that has such a home doesnt love it?,（5）关系代词在从句中作表语时,China is no longer the country that it used to be.,This is one of the best films that I have ever seen.,只能用which 的情况:,2. 引导非限制性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子时只能用which,(1) The machine ,which I have looked after for many years ,is still working perfectly. (2)She failed the exam, which made her parents vary angry. (3)He saw a film, which was about the Long March. (4)My glasses,without which I was like a blind man,fell to the ground and broke.,1.介词前置时关系代词只能用which(先行词为物),Remember:Which 在这两种情况下即使在句中作宾语也不能省。,填一填 比一比,Those who _(break ) the law will be punished. Anyone who_(break) the law will be punished。 He is one of the students that _(come ) from Australia. He is the only one of the students that _(be) praised by the teacher at the meeting yesterday.,关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词要和先行词保持一致。,break,breaks,come,was,This is one of the most interesting books _were on show. (2) This is the only book _we need. (3) There is only a little _we can do to help you. (4) This is the very dictionary _we are looking for.,that,that,that,that,介词+关系代词,先行词为人,关系代词用 whom; 先行词为物,关系代词用which. 关系代词在介词后不能用that,关系代词也不能省。如介词放在 句尾，引导词可用that 或who,而且可省去。 关系代词和关系副词可转换：where,when,why =介词+which,1.This is the reason _ _he left his hometown. (=why) 2.Ill never forget the day_ _ we stayed together. (=when) 3.This is the girl _ _I learned the news. 4.The person_ _ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about. 5.Ill show you a store_ _you may buy all that you need.(=where) 6.I dont like the way_ _ you laughed at her.(=that;),for which,on which,from whom,to whom,in which,in which,问一问：,1.Whose 指物时，可以与其他结构互换吗？ 2.介词短语要提前吗？ 3.固定词组中的介词可以提前吗？,This is the book whose cover is blue. This is the book_ _ _ _ is blue. This is the book _ _ _ _ is blue.,the cover of which,of which the cover,They came to a house, in front of which sat a small boy.,The baby that Im looking for is my sisters daughter.,(Correct mistakes),1. Do you like the bike your friend gave it to you? 2. This is the small village where I grew up in. 3. This is the very place where we visited many years ago. 4. There are ten students are playing basketball on the playground. 5. English is a subject I am interested. 6. Can you show me the book which have been translated into English by Smith? 7. That is the most difficult problem which Ive ever met with. 8. I will never forget the year on which we were both in America.,能力提升,1.This is the bus _I took the other day. The bus _I went to work broke down. A .which B.with which C.by which D.where 2. Is this flat _you once lived in? Is this the flat _you once lived in? Is this the only flat_you once lived in ? Is this the flat in _you once lived? Is this the flat _you once lived ? Is this the only flat _you once lived? A.which B.the one C.that D.where,3. All_we need is more time. All_is needed is more time. A.that B.which C. D.A and B,which,the one,which/that,that,which,where,where,that/不填,that,by which,4. Do you know the difficulty I had _out the problem? A.to work B. working C.worked D.work 5.All_studied this question_come to the same conclusion. A.that has;has B.who has ;have C.who have;have 6.Is there a restaurant around_I can have something to eat? A.which B.where C,that D.what 7.The school_I studied ten years ago is _we visited yesterday. A.where ;that B.that ;which C.where; the one D.which;that 8.The man _you met just now will go to Nanjing to have a meeting. Which of the following can not be put in the blank? A.that B. whom C.which D. E.who,B,C,B,C,C,定语从句几种句型归纳：,1.This is the most exciting football match that I have ever seen.,2.I dont like the way in which/that/不填 you laughed at others.,3.It is the third time that you have been late this week.,It is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.,4.The reason why he didnt attend the meeting was that his mother was seriously ill.,5. The reason for his failure is that he didnt work hard.,非限制性定语从句,定语从句有限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。非限制性定语从句要注意以下几点：（举例说明）,1.His mother ,whom he loved dearly,went abroad. 2.This machine ,which he has looked after for many years ,is still working perfectly. 3.Aqiao,whose parents had died ,had to make a living by herself. 4.The family ,who lived upstairs,are fond of music.,说明：非限制性定语不能用that 引导； 作宾语用的关系代词不能省； 要用逗号隔开。,做做试试：,1.He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows,most of _had not been cleaned for at least one year. 2.In the dark street, there was not a single person _ _she could turn for help. 3.China has a lot of islands ,the largest_ _is Taiwan. 4.The old lady had one son and two daughters,_ _ _treated her well, _made her very sad. 5.There are forty students in our class,_ _20 are girls; the rest are boys.,which,to,whom,of,which,none,of,whom,which,of,whom,你知道吗?,As 也可以用来引导定语从句.,1.He is not such a man as only think of himself. 2.I should like to use the same pen as I used yesterday. 3.Such problems as are often mentioned should be solved. 4.I will read as many books as are required. 5. Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.,当先行词与as,so,such,the same 连用或先行词本身是such,the same时,关系代词用as. As在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。,the same ()as the same()that. (1) This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. 这支笔和我昨天丢失的一样 (2) This is the (very) same pen that I lost yesterday. 这就是我昨天丢失的那支笔,such/soas such/sothat (1)Last week our maths teacher set so difficult an examination problem as none of us worked out. (2)It is such a heavy box that no one can lift it.,as ,which 引导非限制性定语从句有什么不同吗？,1.which的先行词可以是名词，as不可。 (1) The meeting, which was held in the park,was a great success. (2) All the books , which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.,2.which和as都可代替整个句子的意思，但which引导的从句不 放句首。 (1)Crusos dog became ill and died ,which made him very lonely. (2)As we expected, Our football team lost the match again.,3.as 引导的从句有(正如),(就象),(由而知）等含义. (1)Taiwan is a part of China, as is known to us all. (2)She is very careful, as her work shows, (3)The lady is very learned, as is said in the book.,定语从句和状语从句 (1)This is such a big stone _no one can lift it. This is such a big stone _no one can lift. (2)Please put the letter in the drawer _ _he can easily find it.(=where) Please put the letter_he can easily find it. (3) Please put the letter in which he can easily find it. 这句子正确吗？,分析：（1）句从引导词来看，状语从句中的that 是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分，而定语从句中的as在从句中要作一个成分（主语，宾语或表语）。,that,as,in which,where,定语从