作物、器皿和仪器名称(2010-12-8).ppt

土壤与植物营养学专业英语之三 作物、器皿与仪器,郜 红 建 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,一、作物名称,rice水稻 wheat小麦 durra 高粱 barley大麦 potato马铃薯 soybean大豆 cotton棉花 mung bean绿豆,corn玉米 pumpkin南瓜 carrot 胡萝卜 goober花生 gingeli 芝麻 lemon柠檬 coffee咖啡,spring wheat 春小麦 maize 玉米（美作：corn） maize cob 玉米棒子(美作corn cob) rice 稻 buckwheat 荞麦 tea 茶 coffee 咖啡,lettuce生菜 star fruit杨桃 guava石榴 cereals, grain 谷物 coarse grain 谷粒 rye 黑麦,barley大麦 oats 燕麦 Millet 粟，黍 Sorghum 高粱 Bran 麸，糠 flour, meal 粗磨谷粉 wheat 小麦,Celery 芹菜 Radish 萝卜 Garlic 大蒜 Onion 洋葱 Orange 橙 Apple 苹果 Longan 龙眼,spinach菠菜 pea豌豆 grape葡萄 musheroom蘑菇 green pepper青椒 tea茶 eggplant茄子,tomato西红柿 banana香蕉 Chinese cabbage大白菜 cabbage甘蓝 shallot葱 pimiento辣椒,容器类 量杯 measuring cup 烧杯 beaker 不锈钢杯stainless-steel beaker 量筒 measuring flask/measuring cylinder 量筒 graduated flask/measuring cylinder,二、试验器皿与用具,坩埚 crucible 坩埚钳 crucible clamp 坩埚 crucible pot, melting pot 试管 test tube 试管架 test tube holder 漏斗 funnel 分液漏斗 separatory funnel,烧瓶 flask 锥形瓶 conical flask 塞子 stopper 洗瓶 plastic wash bottle 滴定管 burette 玻璃活塞 stopcock 冷凝器 condenser 试剂瓶 reagent bottles,玻棒 glass rod 搅拌棒stirring rod 蒸馏烧瓶 distilling flask 碘量瓶 iodine flask 表面皿 watch glass 蒸发皿 evaporating dish 容量瓶 volumetric flask/measuring flask,移液管 (one-mark) pipette 刻度移液管 graduated pipettes 称量瓶weighing bottle 吸液管pipette 滤管filter 天平 balance/scale 分析天平 analytical balance,台秤 platform balance 游码 crossbeams and sliding weights 酒精灯alcohol burner 酒精喷灯blast alcohol burner 搅拌装置 stirring device 洗耳球 rubber suction bulb,研磨钵 mortar 研磨棒 pestle 玛瑙研钵agate mortar 瓷器 porcelain 白细口瓶flint glass solution bottle with stopper 滴瓶 dropping bottle 小滴管 dropper 蒸馏装置distilling apparatus 蒸发器 evaporator,三口烧瓶boiling flask-3-neck 滴定管夹burette clamp 滴定架台burette stand 布氏漏斗Busher funnel 减压蒸馏头Claisen distilling head 球型冷凝管condenser-Allihn type,直型冷凝管condenser-west tube 坩埚钳crucible tongs 带盖的坩埚crucible with cover 蒸馏头distilling head 蒸馏管distilling tube 锥型瓶Erlenmeyer flask,瓷蒸发皿evaporating dish (porcelain) 抽滤瓶filter flask(suction flask) 平底烧瓶florence flask 分馏柱fractionating column 酸氏滴定管Geiser burette (stopcock) 量筒graduated cylinder,赫氏漏斗Hirsch funnel 长颈漏斗long-stem funnel 滴管medicine dropper 碱氏滴定管Mohr burette for use with pinchcock 量液管Mohr measuring pipette 研钵mortar 研杵pestle,弹簧节流夹pinch clamp 塑料洗瓶plastic squeeze bottle 大变小转换接头reducing bush 吸耳球rubber pipette bulb 螺旋夹screw clamp 分液漏斗separatory funnel 无颈漏斗stemless funnel,试管夹test tube holder 试管test tube 提勒熔点管Thiele melting point tube 移液管transfer pipette 三角架tripod 容量瓶volumetric flask 表面皿watch glass 广口瓶wide-mouth bottle,试验用器材 升降台lab jack 铁架台iron support 万能夹extension clamp 蝴蝶夹double-buret clamp 双顶丝clamp regular holder 止水夹flatjaw pinchcock 圆形漏斗架cast-iron ring,移液管架pipet rack 试管架tube rack 沸石boiling stone 橡胶管rubber tubing 药匙lab spoon 镊子forceps 坩埚钳crucible tong,剪刀scissor 打孔器stopper borer 石棉网asbestos-free wire gauze 电炉丝wire coil for heater 脱脂棉absorbent cottonphph 试纸 universal ph indicator paper 滤纸 filter paper,称量纸weighing paper 擦镜纸wiper for lens 秒表stopwatch 量杯glass graduates with scale 白滴定管（酸） flint glass burette with glass stopcock 棕色滴定管（酸） brown glass burette with glass stopcock,白滴定管（碱） flint glass burette for alkali 棕色滴定管（碱） brown glass burette for alkali 比重瓶 specific gravity bottle 水银温度计 mercury-filled thermometer ph计 ph meter 折光仪 refractometer,真空泵 vacuum pump 冷、热浴 bath 离心机 centrifuge 口罩 respirator 防毒面具 respirator、gasmask 磁力搅拌器 magnetic stirrer 电动搅拌器 power basic stirrer,烘箱 oven 闪点仪 flash point tester 马弗炉 furnace 电炉 heater 微波炉电热套 heating mantle 本生灯 Bunsen burner 化学反应产物 product 设备 apparatus,PH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂 PH indicator 卵形瓶 matrass 石蕊 litmus 石蕊试纸 litmus paper 滴定管 burette 曲颈甑 retort 蒸馏釜 still 烤钵 cupel,化学反应 analysis 分解 fractionation 分馏 endothermic reaction 吸热反应 exothermic reaction 放热反应 precipitation 沉淀 to precipitate 沉淀 to distil, to distill 蒸馏 distillation 蒸馏,to calcine 煅烧 to oxidize 氧化 alkalinization 碱化 to oxygenate, to oxidize 脱氧,氧化 to neutralize 中和 to hydrogenate 氢化 to hydrate 水合,水化 to dehydrate 脱水 reversible 可逆的,fermentation 发酵 solution 溶解 combustion 燃烧 fusion, melting 熔解 alkalinity 碱性 isomerism, isomery 同分异物现象 hydrolysis 水解 electrolysis 电解,electrode 电极 anode 阳极,正极 cathode 阴极,负极 catalyst 催化剂 catalysis 催化作用 oxidization, oxidation 氧化 reducer 还原剂 dissolution 分解 synthesis 合成,常用的玻璃试验仪器的英文名称 adapter 接液管 air condenser 空气冷凝管 beaker 烧杯 boiling flask 烧瓶 boiling flask-3-neck 三口烧瓶 burette clamp 滴定管夹 burette stand 滴定架台,Busher funnel 布氏漏斗 Claisen distilling head 减压蒸馏头 condenser-Allihn type 球型冷凝管 condenser-west tube 直型冷凝管 crucible tongs 坩埚钳 crucible with cover 带盖的坩埚 distilling head 蒸馏头,distilling tube 蒸馏管 Erlenmeyer flask 锥型瓶 evaporating dish (porcelain) 瓷蒸发皿 filter flask(suction flask) 抽滤瓶 florence flask 平底烧瓶 fractionating column 分馏柱 Geiser burette (stopcock) 酸氏滴定管,Hirsch funnel 赫氏漏斗 long-stem funnel 长颈漏斗 medicine dropper 滴管 Mohr burette for use with pinchcock碱氏滴定管 Mohr measuring pipette 量液管 mortar 研钵 pestle 研杵,pinch clamp 弹簧节流夹 plastic squeeze bottle 塑料洗瓶 reducing bush 大变小转换接头 screw clamp 螺旋夹 separatory funnel 分液漏斗 stemless funnel 无颈漏斗,test tube holder 试管夹 Thiele melting point tube 提勒熔点管 tripod 三角架 volumetric flask 容量瓶 wide-mouth bottle 广口瓶,仪器设备 Materials used in our laboratory 实验用材料 Rotor 转子 Air filter (Laminar flow cabinet) 空气过滤器 pH meter pH计 Parafilm 石蜡封口膜 Graduated pipette 带有刻度的吸管 Graduated cylinder 量筒,Sealing equipment封口设备 Electrophoresis power supply 电泳电源 Thermostatic ciculator 恒温循环仪 Vacuum pump 真空泵 Vacuum manifold多头抽真空装置 Eppendorf tube微量离心管 Inverted microscope倒置显微镜,Slide 载玻片 Cover glass 盖玻片 Electronic balance 电子天平 Centrifuge 离心机 Centrifuge tube 离心管 Air conditioner 空调机 Flask 烧瓶 Beaker 烧杯,Power supply 电源 Power transformer 电源变压器 Mini-monitor G-M tube Gel system 凝胶系统 Sterilizer 消毒器 Disinfector 消毒剂 Shaker 摇床 Vortexing machine 振荡器,Pipette tip 吸管端 Vacuum line 真空线 Vacuum traps 真空阀 Whatman (filter) paper 华特门滤纸 Ultraviolet illumination 紫外灯 Gel tank 电泳槽 Minicell 微细胞；小电泳槽 Comb 电泳用的梳子,Teeth of comb 梳子齿 Support tooth 梳子最两边的齿，一般略高于其他齿，起支撑作用 Horizontal agrose gels 水平琼脂糖凝胶 Glass plate 玻璃片 Slot 狭槽 Electrical leads 电线,Anode 阳极 Cathode 阴极 Xylene cyanol FF 二甲苯苯胺FF Laminar flow cabinet 层流柜 Erlenmeyer 三角瓶 Volumetric flask 容量瓶 Cupboard 药柜 Stapler 吻合器,Rack饲料架 Gel tray凝胶板 Toothpick牙签 Refill再填 Screw螺丝钉 Bolt 螺栓，插销 Nut, Cap nut锁紧螺母,Screw driver旋凿 Socket齿槽,插口 Adapter转接器 Plug插头 Electrode电极 Duplicator, copying machine复印机 Copy paper复印纸,Carbon paper 复写纸 Nail 钉,(指)甲 Hammer 锤 Joint 关节 Timer 计时器 Alarm clock 闹钟 Staple U形钉 Stapler 吻合器,Globe 眼球,球 Coat hanger 衣服挂钩 Shifting spanner 扳手 Stapler 订书机 staple 订书钉 Rack 试管架,Gel tray 凝胶电泳槽 Toothpick 牙签 Refill 圆珠笔芯 Globe 灯泡,三、常用实验仪器名称,原子发射光谱仪 Atomic Emission Spectrometer AES 电感偶合等离子体发射光谱仪 Inductive Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer ICP 直流等离子体发射光谱仪 Direct Current Plasma Emission Spectrometer DCP 紫外-可见光分光光度计 UV-Visible Spectrophotometer UV-Vis,微波等离子体光谱仪 Microwave Inductive Plasma Emission Spectrometer MIP 原子吸收光谱仪 Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy AAS 原子荧光光谱仪 Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy AFS 傅里叶变换红外光谱仪 FT-IR Spectrometer FTIR,傅里叶变换拉曼光谱仪 FT-Raman Spectrometer FTIR-Raman 气相色谱仪 Gas Chromatograph GC 高压/效液相色谱仪 High Pressure/Performance Liquid Chromatography HPLC 离子色谱仪 Ion Chromatograph,凝胶渗透色谱仪 Gel Permeation Chromatograph GPC 体积排阻色谱 Size Exclusion Chromatograph SEC X射线荧光光谱仪 X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer XRF X射线衍射仪 X-Ray Diffractomer XRD,同位素X荧光光谱仪 Isotope X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer 电子能谱仪 Electron Energy Disperse Spectroscopy 能谱仪 Energy Disperse Spectroscopy EDS 质谱仪 Mass Spectrometer MS,ICP-质谱联用仪 ICP-MS 气相色谱-质谱联用仪 GC-MS 液相色谱-质谱联用仪 LC-MS 核磁共振波谱仪 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer NMR,电子顺磁共振波谱仪 Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectrometer ESR 极谱仪 Polarograph 伏安仪 Voltammerter 自动滴定仪 Automatic Titrator,电导仪 Conductivity Meter pH计 pH Meter 水质分析仪 Water Test Kits 电泳仪 Electrophoresis System,表面科学 Surface Science 电子显微镜 Electro Microscopy 光学显微镜 Optical Microscopy 金相显微镜 Metallurgical Microscopy 扫描探针显微镜 Scanning Probe Microscopy,表面分析仪 Surface Analyzer 无损检测仪 Instrument for Nondestructive Testing 物性分析 Physical Property Analysis 热分析仪 Thermal Analyzer 粘度计 Viscometer,流变仪 Rheometer 粒度分析仪 Particle Size Analyzer 热物理性能测定仪 Thermal Physical Property Tester 电性能测定仪 Electrical Property Tester 光学性能测定仪 Optical Property Tester,机械性能测定仪 Mechanical Property Tester 燃烧性能测定仪 Combustion Property Tester 老化性能测定仪 Aging Property Tester 生物技术分析 Biochemical analysis PCR仪 Instrument for Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR,DNA及蛋白质的测序和合成仪 Sequencers and Synthesizers for DNA and Protein 传感器 Sensors 其他 Other/Miscellaneous 流动分析与过程分析 Flow Analytical and Process Analytical Chemistry,气体分析 Gas Analysis 基本物理量测定 Basic Physics 样品处理 Sample Handling 金属/材料元素分析仪 Met