名词性从句六大考点.ppt

语法复习-（7）,从句,划出从句并指出从句在句中的成分,I dont think that he will come this afternoon. 2.Whoever does it should do it well quickly. 3. There is no doubt that English now is one of the worlds most widely used languages.,宾语从句,主语从句,同位语从句,5changed her mind again, which made all of us angry. 6. The way he finished the work surprised all of us. 7. If you dont want to run the risk of failure, you can have a try.,定语从句,定语从句,状语从句,8. Our teacher told us to make a mark where we have questions.,状语从句,状语从句,状语从句,一、 连词认字：,1. 时间状语：,when, after, before. until, as soon as, the moment since,2. 条件状语 3. 地点 4.原因,If, unless, as long as, once, in case,Where, wherever, no matter where,because, as, since, for,5. 目的状语 6. 结果状语,so that, in order that,so.that; such that,as，just as，as if，as though,7.方式状语从句,though（although)，as， even if，even though, 疑问词+ever， no matter+疑问词.,8.让步状语从句,1、各种从属连词的含义及用法比较； 2、no matter wh- 与 wh-ever 引导的从句的区别； 3、状语从句的时态问题； 4、状语从句的倒装问题； 5、状语从句与其它从句的区别。,状语从句考点,考点一、状语从句的连词含义及用法比较,1) Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? Yes. He had never praised him he became one of the top students in his grade. （03北京春季） Aafter Bunless Cuntil DWhen 2) Simon thought his computer was broken _ his little brother pointed out that he had forgotten to turn it on. （05北京春季） A. until B. unless C. after D. because,C,A,until / till “直到止”(肯定句，主句是延续性动词); notuntil “直到才”(否定句，主句是终止性动词); until 可用于倒装句和强调句，till不用于句首。 Not until I returned did she finish her homework. It was not until I returned home that she finished her homework.,3. He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. （03北京） A. until B. when C. before D. as,before 从句是高考中的一大热点，从时间概念上不难作出判断。注意它的翻译：在肯定句中一般翻译成“（主句的动作）才（从句的动作）”，如题1；或“还没有（从句的动作）就（主句的动作）”，如题2。,C,4 Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? Yes, I gave it to her _ I saw her. （01北京春季） Awhile Bthe moment Csuddenly Donce,B,the time（当的时刻）, the moment / minute / second / instant (一 就 ), next time (下次), the first time(第一次的时候), the last time (上次的时候)，immediately（一就）, instantly（一就）, directly（一就）等词或词组可引导表示时间的状语从句；还有一些表示习惯性动作的词如：every time（每次）, each time（每次）, whenever（每当）等也可引导表示时间的状语从句。,5 _ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. （04北京春季） A. As long as B. As far as C. Just as D. Even if,B,as long as 与 as far as 都可引导条件状语从句，as long as 表示“只要”，as far as 表示“就而论（而言）”。题1根据题意应该选用B。in case 表示“以防”，根据题2的句意，不难作出选择。,6. _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. （04江苏） A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless 7 Allow children the space to voice their opinions, _they are different from your own. (05湖南卷）(B) A. until B. even if C. unless D. as though,A,B,while 是高考中的高频词，它既可引导时间状语从句，又可引导并列句，还可引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。even if 等于 even though，表示“即使、尽管”。as though 等于 as if，引导方式状语从句，表示“好像、似乎”。,考点二：no matter wh- 与 wh-ever 引导的从句的区别；,1、 He tried his best to solve the problem, _ difficult it was. （05天津卷） A. however B. no matter C. whatever D although 2、The old tower must be saved, _the cost. （05浙江） Ahowever Bwhatever Cwhichever Dwherever,A,B,no matter wh- 与 wh-ever 的联系及区别： no matter wh- 只引导让步状语从句，此时与 wh-ever通用。 如: No matter when / Whenever he comes back, he should be invited to the party. wh-ever又可引导名词性从句， No matter wh-不能。如： Whatever I can do for you will be nothing but paying a debt. Whoever can help us will be welcome,3. 状语从句的时态问题,1、The house could fall down soon if no one_ some quick repair work. （04全国IV） A has done B is doing C does D had done 2、It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. （05北京春季） A. before B. since C. after D. when,C,B,在条件，时间和让步从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时，用一般过去时表过去将来时。,在 since 引导的时间状语从句中，动词一般都用一般过去时，而主句常用现在完成时。,4、状语从句的倒装问题,1、So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. (01 上海) A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel 2、Not until all the fish died in the river, _ how serious the pollution was. (95 NMET) A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize,状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况： 否定词开头； so 加 adj. 开头； as / though引导的让步状语从句。,D,A,特别注意： Hardly when No sooner than Child as he is, 例句：,Hardly had he got to the station, the train left. No sooner had he got to the station, the train left. Child as he is, he can speak seven foreign languages.,5、状语从句与并列句的区别 1、Though he is in his sixties, _ he works as hard as a young man A. yet B. but C. and D. and yet 2、 Excuse me for breaking in, _ I have some news for you. (NMET02) A. so B. and C. but D. yet,题2为并列句，而“Excuse , but ”为一固定搭配。在复习中需要细心的分析句子结构和成分。,A,C,题1是主从复合句，所以中间不能使用并列连词 and; or; but; so 等。yet 是副词，只有 yet 可以与 though 连用。,Good-bye!,划出从句并指出从句在句中的成分,I dont think that he will come this afternoon. 2.Whoever does it should do it well quickly. 3. There is no doubt that English now is one of the worlds most widely used languages.,宾语从句,主语从句,同位语从句,5changed her mind again, which made all of us angry. 6. The way he finished the work surprised all of us. 7. If you dont want to run the risk of failure, you can have a try.,定语从句,定语从句,状语从句,8. Our teacher told us to make a mark where we have questions.,状语从句,名词性从句,Observe the following sentences. 1. What he wants to tell us is not clear. 2. That she was chosen made us very happy. 3. I want to know what he has told you. 4. He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 5. The fact is that we have lost the game. 6. Thats just what I want.,noun clauses as subject: noun clauses as object: noun clauses as predicative:,1， 2,3， 4,5，6,that 在句子中不做成分，只充当为一个引导词，而what 在句子中要充当成分。,1: _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It 2: I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C. this D. them,分析:在这种名词性从句中为了保持句子的平衡,往往用先行词it作形式主语或形式宾语,而把真正的主语或宾语放到后面,尤其是that引导的主语从句往往用先行词it作形式主语.此句也可以改写为:That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact.,分析:此题考查的是用先行词it作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语从句放到后面.其他几个词均不能作形式宾语.,考点之二:考查名词性从句中的it作形式主语或形式宾语,D,A,1:The photographs will show you _ . A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like,分析:在名词性从句中,除了关联词要提到句首之外,一律要用陈述句语序。当关联词含疑问意义时,有的学生就会受习惯影响错误地使用疑问句语序。克服这种错误的关键是要找准从句中的主语和谓语。本题句子的意思是:这些照片会告诉你我们村子是什么样。本题中根据引导词what要作介词like的宾语,而副词how不能作介词like的宾语,所以首先排除C、D,而A项是疑问句语序,故只能选B。,考点之三:考查名词性从句的语序,B,1: _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 2: What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when B. that C. whether D. why,考点之四:考查名词性从句中的whether, if以及that的区别,分析:句子的意思是:我们明天是否去野营要视天气而定. whether与if当“是否“讲时的区别是:在引导宾语从句时两者可以互换,但在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句以及介词后面的宾语从句或后面紧跟or not时通常只能用whether,而不能用if.,分析:本题句子的意思是:医生真正怀疑的是我母亲是否能很快从重病中恢复过来.whether引导的是表语从句.,B,C,当宾语从句是一般疑问句时, 由连词whether或if引导(口语中常用if), 因为if/whether翻译成是否, 具有一定的意义, 所以不能省略。 Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag. Lets see if /whether we can find out some information about that city.,注意: 关联词只能用whether不能用if 表示 “是否”的情况如下： A) 在表语从句和同位语从句中。如： The question is whether the film is worth seeing. The news whether our team has won the match is unknown.,B) 在主语从句中，只有用it作形式主语时, whether和if 都能引导主语从句, 否则, 也只能用whether。如: Whether we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet. It hasnt been decided whether (if) we shall attend the meeting.,C) 在介词之后。(介词往往可以省略) 如: It all depends (on) whether they will support us. D) 后面直接跟动词不定式时。如： He doesnt know whether to stay or not. E) 后面紧接or not 时。如： We didnt know whether or not she was ready., 关联词if, whether均可使用的情况如下： A) 引导宾语从句。如： I wonder if (whether) the news is true or not. B) 在 “be+形容词” 之后。如： He was not sure whether (if) it is right or wrong., 关联词只能用 whether或if, 不能用that的情况如下： 若doubt一词作“怀疑”解接宾语从句时, 主句为肯定句用whether或if, 主句为否定句或疑问句用that。如： I doubt whether he will come soon.,1:It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever,分析:本题句子的意思是:一般认为孩子要什么就给什么是不明智的.whatever引导的是宾语从句,A. however 和D. whenever是不能作宾语的;而C. whichever表示“无论哪一个、无论哪些“,表示在一定范围内的人或事物,此处并不涉及“一定范围内的人或事物“,所以也不能选.,考点之五:考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句及其与no matter+疑问词引导的从句的区别,B,1、 He tried his best to solve the problem, _ difficult it was. （05天津卷） A. however B. no matter C. whatever D although 2、The old tower must be saved, _the cost. （05浙江） Ahowever Bwhatever Cwhichever Dwherever,A,B,no matter wh- 与 wh-ever 的联系及区别： no matter wh- 只引导让步状语从句，此时与 wh-ever通用。 如: No matter when / Whenever he comes back, he should be invited to the party. wh-ever又可引导名词性从句， No matter wh-不能。如： Whatever I can do for you will be nothing but paying a debt. Whoever can help us will be welcome,2: Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who,考点之五:考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句及其与no matter+疑问词引导的从句的区别,分析:本题句子的意思是:萨拉希望跟自己有共同爱好的人交朋友.疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与no matter+疑问词引导的从句的区别是:前者既可以引导名词性从句也可以引导让步状语从句;后者只能引导让步状语从句.首先排除D.而选A. anyone则应在其后加who.从句中需要的是主语,所以whomever也不行.,C,1:It is necessary that a college student _ at least a foreign language. A. masters B. master C. mastered D. will master,考点之六:考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题,分析:It作形式主语,that引导的主语从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气。,(1) 在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气“(should) +do“,常用的句型有:I. It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that. II. It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.) that. III. It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that.如: It is strange that she (should) think so.,B,(2) 表示建议、请求、命令、要求、坚持等及物动词后面的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气,常用的这类动词有suggest, propose, insist, desire, demand, request, order, command等。如: I insist that she (should) do her work alone. (3) 主语是suggestion, proposal, request, decision等表示“建议、请求、要求、决定等“意思的词时,表语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do“。如: His suggestion is that we (should) hold another meeting to discuss the question.,(4) 表示“建议、请求、命令、要求、决定等“意思的名词后面的同位语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do“。如:,They received orders that the work(should)be done at once.,IV. 定语从句的考点归纳:,先行词为人,先行词为物,1.Ill never forget the days_we worked together. 2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together. 3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _he gave.,when ;in which,(which,/,that),where;in which,(which,/,that),why/ for which,(that/which),几种易混的情况,及物动词,及物动词,及物动词,The eggs (that;/;which) I bought were not fresh. 2. He prefers the cheese that / which comes from his parents farm. 3. I dont like the people that / who smoke a lot. 4. He did all / everything _he could to help me. 5.This is the very thing _ I am after. 6.He is the only man _ can do the work. 7. This is the first thing _ I want to say. 8. He is the finest man _ I have ever worked with.,that , which ,whose, whom or who?,that,that,that,that,that,that,that , which ,whose, whom or who,9. We talked about the men and the things _we remembered at school. 10.Is there anything else _ you want to say? 11.He often speaks of the role he play