高考英语一词多义公开课课件(独创).ppt

,Vocabulary Revision,“Without grammar very little can be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed.” “没有语法,能表达的内容甚少; 没有词汇,则什么内容也表达不了。” -David Wilkins,2009年高考完型填空,Alfred Nobel became a millionaire and changed the ways of mining，construction，and warfare as the inventor of dynamite（炸药）. On April 12，1888，Alfreds brother Ludwig died of heart attack. A major French newspaper 21 mistook his brother for him and carried an article 22 announcing the death of Alfred Nobel. “The merchant of death is dead.” The article read. “Dr. Alfred Nobel，who became 23 rich by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before，died yesterday.” Nobel was 24upset to find out,68%,89.5%,not that he had died，but that，when his time was up， he would be thought of only as one who profited from 25 death and destruction. To make sure that he was 26 remembered with love and respect. Nobel arranged in his 27 will to give the largest part of his money to 28 establish the Nobel prizes，which would be awarded to people who made great 29 contributions to the causes of peace，literature，and the sciences. So 30 basically，Nobel had to die before he realized what his life was really about.,2009年高考完型填空,68.4%,76.3%,94.7%,will:,E.g. Where there is a will, there is a way. e.g. Has he made a will yet? e.g. Things turned out to be against his will., 意志,遗嘱, 意愿,cause: n.,e.g. What was the cause of the accident? e.g. You have no cause to complain. e.g. World peace is a cause we should all work for. 争取世界和平是一项我们都应该为之而努力的事业。,起因,理由,目标,理想,事业,cause: vt.,cause sb. to do sth. e.g What caused him to quit his job? 是什么原因使他辞职的? cause sb. trouble/problems/inconvenience e.g Im afraid Im causing you much trouble. 我怕给你增添很多麻烦。,导致；使发生,polysemy (一词多义),A word has more than one meaning out of context (the meanings are related to one another) e.g A：Do you know what happens to liars when they die? B：Yes, sir. They lie still.,A:你知道说谎的人死的时候会怎样吗? B:我知道。他们依然撒谎/躺在那儿一动不动。,We take jobs to stay alive and provide homes for our families always making ourselves believe that this style of life is merely a temporary state of affairs along the road to what we really want to do. (2006年广东 阅读 D篇) You can add as many users as you want, provided/providing they each have a Windows account. (2007年完型填空),1. provide,提供； 供应； 供给,只要；以为条件； 假如,The hotel provides a shoe-cleaning service _ guests. The project is designed to provide young people _ work. You can borrow the car, _ I can have it back by six oclock. _ we meet our profit targets, we will donate one million dollars to charity.,1. provide v.& conj.,for,with,providing,Provided,2. account,You can add as many users as you want, provided they each have a Windows account. (2007年完型填空) The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoys description-it seems not that far off from historical accounts but his choice of facts：other things that could be said of the man are not said.(2008阅读 C 篇),帐户,描述； 叙述；,2. account,In the magazine, Cook gives a colorful account of his first meeting with Hamilton. Can you charge this to my account please? On no account must you disturb me Afro-Americans account for 12% of the US population. Recent pressure at work may account for his behavior. These figures do not take account of changes in the rate of inflation(通货膨胀).,描述；叙述,帐户,占比例,解释,考虑,绝不, 切莫,3. course,This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their 39 (natural) course （2008语法填空） open university course (2005听力获取信息) attending summer courses (2006年听力) Dont take too many courses (2008听力),过程；方式,课程,3. course,during/in/throughout/over the course of something During the course of our conversation, it emerged that Bob had been in prison. The ship was blown off course. The plane changed course to avoid the storm. The ticket includes entry and a four-course meal.,过程；进程,航向,一道菜,4. term,In a scene in Book Three of War and Peace, the wars having reached the critical year of 1812, Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar (沙皇), who has come with peace terms. (2008阅读 C 篇) He, not the Tsar, is the one to make the terms. Mostly borrowed from English and Chinese, these terms are often changed into forms no longer understood by native speakers. （NMET2003.D篇） 这些术语，主要从英语和汉语引入，经常会变成不再被说本族语的人们理解的形式。,条款,术语;字眼,4. term,Its a mistake to think of Florida only in terms of its tourist attractions. Many legal terms have more than one meaning. It was he who coined (=invented) the term. It was always clear that Schmidts third term in office would prove a difficult one. We were soon on first-name terms. We are on good terms with all our neighbours.,从方面来说；就而言,术语,任期,关系,5. charge,Because the idea of risk also carries with it the possibility of failure, many of us usually wait for others to take charge. (2005 广东 阅读 B篇) Say a store clerk fails to charge us for an item. (2007年阅读 B篇) On the other hand, if we tell the clerk about the uncharged item, the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty.(2007年阅读B篇) Whatever department in the Aussie government in charge of such things is now moving to make the practice illegal, which(2009年广东任务型写作文章),负起责任； 挺身而出,收费,负责,5. charge,The children were left in the charge of a nurse. Leave the battery on charge all night. He appeared in court on a murder charge. An additional charge of 15% will be added to your bill for service. The gallery charges an entrance fee. Wilson charged the drinks to his room. Gibbons has been charged with murder. The boys charged noisily into the water. The bear charged towards her at full speed.,有某人照料,向方向冲去,把记在帐上,收费,指控,充电,向袭击; 扑向,6. state,We take jobs to stay alive and provide homes for our families always making ourselves believe that this style of life is merely a temporary state of affairs along the road to what we really want to do. (2006年广东 阅读 D篇),状态, 状况,6. state,All matters have three states: solid; liquid and gas. When we bought the house, it was in a terrible state. Queensland is one of the states of Australia. Which part of the States would you suggest I visit? The receipt clearly states that refunds are not allowed. The witness stated that he had not seen the woman before.,规定,州; 邦,状态, 状况,陈述; 敘述,美国,6. given,Candidates will have to give a presentation on a given topic. The Director was the only one who was called by anything but his given name. Given (taking something into account) the circumstances, youve done really well. given that Given that the patients have some disabilities, we still try to enable them to be as independent as possible. The work must be done within the given time.,规定的,名字,考虑到,not that he had died，but that，when his time was up， he would be thought of only as one who profited from 25 death and destruction. To make sure that he was 26 remembered with love and respect. Nobel arranged in his 27 will to give the largest part of his money to 28 establish the Nobel prizes，which would be awarded to people who made great 29 contributions to the causes of peace，literature，and the sciences. So 30 basically，Nobel had to die before he realized what his life was really about.,2009年高考完型填空,68.4%,76.3%,94.7%,2009年高考完型填空,Alfred Nobel became a millionaire and changed the ways of mining，construction，and warfare as the inventor of dynamite（炸药）. On April 12，1888，Alfreds brother Ludwig died of heart attack. A major French newspaper 21 mistook his brother for him and carried an article 22 announcing the death of Alfred Nobel. “The merchant of death is dead.” The article read. “Dr. Alfred Nobel，who became 23 rich by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before，died yesterday.” Nobel was 24upset to find out,68%,89.5%,Collocation (搭配),A collocation is a pair or group of words that are often used together. These combinations sound natural to native speakers, but students of English have to make a special effort to learn them because they are often difficult to guess. Some combinations just sound wrong to native speakers of English. For example, the adjective fast collocates with cars, but not with a glance. eg. fast cars; fast food; a quick glance; a quick meal,Collocation (搭配),mistake for make a contribution to establish the prizes,Collocation 1 (搭配),academic book reference form bachelor/master horizon enlarge knowledge academic vocabulary acquire/gain atmosphere gifted comprehension application requirement broaden degree reading children,Collocation 2 (搭配),resist coffee digital budget tight temptation personal atmosphere relaxed preference instant camera make lounge spacious food abundant reservation autonomous region,Collocation 3 (搭配),Fragrant card facial Hills identification shoes leather instrument musical water maple garden Splendid leaves mineral expression botanical China smooth journey,Collocation 4(搭配),compulsory literature contemporary education school debate heated booth telephone authority positive/negative figure religious attitude remote school slim belief boarding area,Collocation 5(搭配),social court supreme guilty feel price arranged victim competitive status insurance position awkward marriage innocent policy federal citizen senior government,Collocation (搭配) practice 1,The meetings were concluded with a _ conference. In allocating housing, _ is given to families with young children. Which type you choose is a matter of personal _. Keep their price list on file for future _ (=so that it can be looked at in the future).,press,preference,preference,reference,Collocation (搭配) practice 2,I cant _ the difference between them. The food was_ and delicious. How do I create a relaxing _ in class? The college acquired a _ (名声；名誉) for very high standards. She resisted the _ to laugh.,tell,abundant,atmosphere,reputation,temptation,Collocation (搭配) practice 3,He spent years _ his skills as a surgeon. Elsie _ a good knowledge of Chinese. Visitors will enjoy the good/_ atmosphere in either of our good/ _ dining room, both serving good/_ _food to both residents and non-residents.,acquiring,acquired,relaxed,spacious,delicious,/tasty,Collocation (搭配) practice 4,Cursing my misfortune, I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who32 should have the honor of receiving me_ 33 a guest in their house.,as,When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman 39 _ the trouble I had caused 40 _ . （2007年语法填空）,for,her,Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes 37_ sale. She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while， she knew that this was a present which was bound to please 38 him.,